Nsomba za Ancistrus

Kufotokozera za nsomba za Ancistrus

Kusunga nsomba m'malo ochepa mu aquarium nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi vuto la kuyeretsa madzi. Izi tingaziyerekezere ndi kupeza anthu m’chipinda chopanikizana - ngati mulibe mpweya wokwanira komanso kuyeretsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, posakhalitsa anthu amalephera kupuma kapena kudwala.

Inde, choyamba, muyenera kusintha madzi, koma palinso oyeretsa zachilengedwe omwe amasonkhanitsa zinyalala zomwe zimakhazikika pansi, ndipo potero amasunga aquarium yoyera. Ndipo atsogoleri enieni pankhaniyi ndi nsomba - nsomba zapansi, zomwe zimatchedwa "vacuum cleaners" zenizeni. Ndipo catfish-ancistrus inapita patsogolo pankhaniyi - samayeretsa pansi, komanso makoma a aquarium. Maonekedwe a thupi lawo amasinthidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito yoyeretsa pansi - mosiyana ndi nsomba zomwe zimasambira m'madzi, thupi lawo silinaphwanyidwe kuchokera m'mbali, koma limakhala ndi mawonekedwe achitsulo: mimba yosalala ndi yotsetsereka. Pamtanda, thupi lawo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a makona atatu kapena semicircle.

Zolengedwa zokongolazi zimachokera ku mitsinje ya South America, koma zakhala zikukhazikika m'madzi ambiri am'madzi padziko lapansi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nsomba za m'nyanja sizisiyana ndi kukongola kapena multicolor, ngakhale zimakopa anthu ambiri a m'madzi, choyamba, ndi ubwino umene amabweretsa, kachiwiri, ndi kudzichepetsa kwawo, ndipo chachitatu, ndi maonekedwe awo achilendo. 

Ancistrus kapena catfish-sticks (1) (Ancistrus) - nsomba za m'banja lawo Locariidae (Loricariidae) kapena tcheni nsomba. Amawoneka ngati zitsulo zokhala ndi madontho mpaka 15 cm. Monga lamulo, amakhala ndi mtundu wakuda wokhala ndi timadontho toyera pang'ono, masharubu owoneka bwino kapena zophukira pamphuno, ndipo mawonekedwe osazolowereka a mawonekedwe awo ndi pakamwa pawoyamwa, momwe amasonkhanitsira chakudya kuchokera pansi ndikuchotsa algae yaying'ono. makoma a aquarium, ndipo m'malo awo achilengedwe amasungidwanso m'mitsinje yothamanga. Thupi lonse la nsomba zam'madzi limakutidwa ndi mbale zolimba zokhala ngati zida zoteteza zomwe zimawateteza ku kuvulala mwangozi, komwe adalandira dzina lachiwiri "tchfishfish".

Zonsezi zimapangitsa Ancistrus catfish imodzi mwa nsomba zodziwika bwino za m'madzi.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya nsomba za Ancistrus

Mtundu umodzi wokha wa nsombazi zimamera m'madzi - Ancistrus vulgaris (Ancistrus dolichopterus). Ngakhale okonda nsomba za novice amayamba. Imvi ndi yosaoneka bwino, imawoneka ngati mbewa, koma aquarists adakondana nayo, mwinamwake kuposa abale awo ena onse, chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake kwapadera ndi khama.

Oweta agwiranso ntchito pa zotsuka za nondescript izi, kotero lero mitundu ingapo ya ancistrus yaŵetedwa kale, yomwe imasiyana maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe, komabe imakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafanana. Mwachitsanzo, izi ndi zipsepse zotambalala, zopingasa mopingasa zomwe zimafanana kwambiri ndi mapiko a ndege yaying'ono.

• Ancistrus wofiira - oimira ang'onoang'ono a kampani ya sucker catfish, yomwe mtundu wake umafananiza bwino ndi ena okhala ndi ma toni owoneka bwino a lalanje, mosiyana ndi anzawo, amakhala ndi moyo wamasiku onse, ndi chipatso chosankhidwa ndipo amatha kuswana mosavuta ndi mitundu ina;
• Ancistrus golide - zofanana ndi zam'mbuyomo, koma mtundu wake ndi wachikasu wagolide wopanda mawanga, kwenikweni ndi albino, ndiko kuti, nsomba yamtundu wamba yomwe yataya mtundu wake wakuda, mtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa aquarists, komabe, kuthengo, kotereku. “Nsomba zagolide” n’zokayikitsa kuti zikanapulumuka;
• ancistrus nyenyezi - nsomba yokongola kwambiri yamphaka, yomwe siiwonongeka ngakhale mphukira zambiri pamutu pake, zitumbuwa zoyera zachipale chofewa zimabalalika kwambiri pamdima wamdima, zomwe zimapatsa nsombayo mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri (mwanjira, ndi ma antennae omwe muyenera kutero. samalani kwambiri pogwira nsomba ndi ukonde - zimatha kukokera muukonde mosavuta.

Ancistrus amalumikizana bwino wina ndi mzake, amatha kupezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso yachilendo: yobiriwira, beige yokhala ndi madontho akuda, beige ndi madontho ndi ena (2).

Kugwirizana kwa nsomba za Ancistrus ndi nsomba zina

Popeza Ancistrus nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi, samadutsana ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi, kotero amatha kuyanjana ndi nsomba iliyonse. Inde, simuyenera kuwathetsa ndi adani ankhanza omwe amatha kuluma nsomba zamtendere, komabe izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa ancistrus imatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo chawo champhamvu, chomwe si nsomba zonse zomwe zingathe kuluma.

Kusunga nsomba za ancistrus mu aquarium

Ngakhale mawonekedwe achilendo komanso nthawi zina amapaka utoto wowoneka bwino, wam'madzi aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi nsomba imodzi yomata, chifukwa amayeretsa makoma a aquarium kuchokera pamiyala yobiriwira ndikudya chilichonse chomwe nsomba zina zinalibe nthawi yomeza. Komanso, “chotsukira” chamoyochi chaching’ono koma chopanda kutopa chimagwira ntchito masana mokha, komanso usiku.

Kusamalira nsomba za Ancistrus

Popeza nsomba zam'madzi ndi zolengedwa zodzichepetsa kwambiri, kuzisamalira ndizochepa: kusintha madzi mu aquarium kamodzi pa sabata, ikani mpweya, ndipo ndi bwino kuyika nsonga yamatabwa pansi (mutha kuigula pa sitolo iliyonse ya ziweto, koma ndizofunika kwambiri. bwino kuziyika kuchokera ku nkhalango) - ancistrus amakonda kwambiri mapadi ndipo amadya nkhuni mosangalala.

Kuchuluka kwa Aquarium

M'mabuku, munthu angapeze mawu akuti ancistrus amafuna aquarium ya malita 100. Mwinamwake, apa tikukamba za nsomba zazikulu zamtundu wamtundu. Koma ancistrus wamba kapena ofiira, omwe kukula kwake kuli kocheperako, amatha kukhala okhutira ndi zotengera zazing'ono. 

Zachidziwikire, simuyenera kubzala gulu lonse m'madzi okhala ndi malita 20, koma nsomba imodzi imapulumuka pamenepo (ndikusintha madzi pafupipafupi komanso pafupipafupi, inde). Koma, ndithudi, mu voliyumu yokulirapo, iye adzamva bwino kwambiri.

Kutentha kwa madzi

Ngakhale kuti Ancistrus catfish amachokera ku mitsinje yotentha ya ku South America, amalekerera mwakachetechete kutentha kwa madzi mu aquarium mpaka 20 ° C. Inde, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse m'madzi ozizira, koma ngati kuzizira m'nyumba mwanu panthawi yopuma ndipo madzi atakhazikika, sikoyenera kugula chowotchera mwachangu chifukwa cha ancistrus. Amatha kuyembekezera zovuta, koma, ndithudi, sikoyenera "kuzizira" nthawi zonse.

Zodyetsa

Kukhala mwadongosolo ndipo, wina anganene, oyeretsa a aquarium, ancistrus ndi omnivores. Izi ndi zolengedwa zopanda ulemu zomwe zimadya chilichonse chomwe nsomba zina sizinadye. "Kutsuka" pansi, iwo amanyamula zipsera za chakudya zomwe zinaphonya mosadziwa, ndikumamatira mothandizidwa ndi kamwa yoyamwa kumakoma agalasi, adzasonkhanitsa zolembera zonse zobiriwira zomwe zinapangidwa pamenepo pansi pa kuwala. Ndipo dziwani kuti ancistrus sadzakukhumudwitsani, kotero mutha kuwakhulupirira kuti ayeretsa aquarium pakati pa kuyeretsa.

Pali zakudya zapadera mwachindunji za nsomba zapansi, koma nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala zokonzeka kukhutitsidwa ndi zomwe zimalowa m'madzi monga chakudya chamasana kumadera ena onse a m'nyanjayi.

Kubala nsomba za ancistrus kunyumba

Ngati n'zovuta kuti nsomba zina zidziwe kugonana, ndiye kuti vutoli silibwera ndi nsomba zam'madzi. Ma Cavaliers amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi azimayi ndi kukhalapo kwa masharubu, kapena m'malo mwake, masamba ambiri pamphuno, omwe amapatsa nsombazi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso achilendo.

Nsombazi zimaswana mosavuta komanso mofunitsitsa, koma caviar yawo yachikasu yowala nthawi zambiri imakhala nyama ya nsomba zina. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kutulutsa ana kuchokera ku ancistrus angapo, ndikwabwino kuwayika mumadzi amadzimadzi okhala ndi aeration ndi fyuluta pasadakhale. Komanso, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mkazi amangoyika mazira, ndipo mwamuna amasamalira ana, kotero kukhalapo kwake pafupi ndi zomangamanga n'kofunika kwambiri.

Ngati sizingatheke kubzala nsomba zam'madzi, ndiye kuti muwapatse malo okhala odalirika m'madzi akuluakulu a aquarium. Amakonda kwambiri machubu momwe mungabisire nsomba zina. Ndipo ndi mwa iwo kuti ancistrus nthawi zambiri amabala ana. Chingwe chilichonse chimakhala ndi mazira agolide oyambira 30 mpaka 200 (3).

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Adayankha mafunso okhudza zomwe zili mu gourami mwini sitolo ya ziweto Konstantin Filimonov.

Magwero a

1. Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar AN, Russ, TS, Shatunovsky MI Dikishonale ya zilankhulo zisanu zamaina anyama. Nsomba. Latin, , English, German, French. / pansi pa utsogoleri wa acad. VE Sokolova // M.: Rus. chaka, 1989
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Nsomba za Aquarium. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
3. Kostina D. Zonse za nsomba za aquarium // AST, 2009