Anostomus: kufotokozera, kukonza ndi chisamaliro mu aquarium, ngakhale

Anostomus vulgaris ndi a banja la "Anostomidae" ndipo ndi amtundu wamba wa banja ili. Pafupifupi zaka 50 zapitazo, mtundu uwu wa nsomba zam'madzi udawoneka nafe, koma posakhalitsa anthu onse adamwalira.

Kufotokozera Maonekedwe

Woyimilira kumutu wamizeremizere ndi yemweyo wamba anostomus. Kwa mtundu uwu, mtundu wa pichesi wotumbululuka kapena mtundu wa pinki wa thupi umadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mikwingwirima yayitali ya mthunzi wakuda mbali zonse. Pa ma abramiti mumatha kuwona mikwingwirima yofiirira. Aquarium anostomuses amakula mpaka 15 cm m'litali, osatinso, ngakhale pansi pa chilengedwe amatha kufika kutalika kwa 25 cm.

Zosangalatsa kudziwa! Anostomus vulgaris amafanana ndi Anostomus ternetzi. Nthawi yomweyo, imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa utoto wofiira womwe zipsepsezo zimapaka utoto.

Mutu wa nsombayo umakhala wautali pang’ono ndipo umakhala wathyathyathya, pamene nsagwada za m’munsi zimakhala zazitali pang’ono kuposa za kumtunda, choncho m’kamwa mwa nsombayo mumapindikira m’mwamba pang’ono. Milomo ya anostomus ndi yopindika komanso yayikulu pang'ono. Amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi akazi.

malo achilengedwe

Nsomba ya anostomus ndi nthumwi yodziwika bwino ya South America, kuphatikizapo mabeseni a Amazon ndi Orinoco, komanso madera a mayiko monga Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia ndi Peru. Mwanjira ina, ndi nsomba ya aquarium yokonda kutentha.

Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi madzi osaya komanso mafunde othamanga. Monga lamulo, awa ndi madera a madzi omwe ali ndi miyala pansi, komanso magombe a miyala ndi miyala. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, n'zosatheka kukumana ndi nsomba m'malo athyathyathya, pomwe madzi amakhala ofooka.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira mu aquarium

Zomwe zimasunga anostomus m'madzi am'madzi zimachepetsedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti aquarium ndi yotakata komanso yobzalidwa mochuluka ndi zomera zam'madzi. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zomera, nsomba zimadya zomera zonse zam'madzi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa algae. Komanso, zakudya zomera chiyambi ayenera m`gulu zakudya.

Ndi zofunika kuti zomera zoyandama zikhalepo pamadzi. Nsomba zimenezi zimathera nthawi yambiri m’madzi apansi ndi apakati. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti makina osefera ndi mpweya wamadzi agwire bwino ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mukuyenera kusintha kotala la madzi kamodzi pa sabata. Izi zikusonyeza kuti nsombazi zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chiyero cha madzi.

Kukonzekera aquarium

Pokonzekera aquarium musanakhazikitse anostomuses mmenemo, muyenera kulabadira zinthu zingapo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Aquarium iliyonse iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro cholimba pamwamba.
• Pa nsomba imodzi, muyenera kukhala ndi malo aulere, osachepera malita 100. Gulu la nsomba 5-6 zimafuna kuchuluka kwa malita 500 osachepera.
• Acidity ya madzi a aquarium iyenera kukhala mu dongosolo la pH = 5-7.
• Kuuma kwa madzi a aquarium kuyenera kukhala dH = mpaka 18.
• Njira yosefera ndi mpweya ndiyofunika.
• M'pofunika kuganizira za kukhalapo kwa madzi mu aquarium.
• Kutentha kwa madzi ndi pafupifupi madigiri 24-28.
• Kuwala kokwanira.
• Kukhalapo mu aquarium ya pansi pamiyala-mchenga.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira! Aquarium iyenera kukonzedwa bwino. Kuti mudzaze, mungagwiritse ntchito driftwood, miyala zosiyanasiyana, zokongoletsa yokumba, etc. Komabe, iwo sayenera kudzaza danga lonse kwambiri.

Nsombazi zimafuna kwambiri madzi, choncho muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ubwino wake. Monga zomera zam'madzi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolimba, monga anubias ndi bolbitis.

Zakudya ndi zakudya

Anostomus amaonedwa kuti ndi nsomba za omnivorous, choncho zakudya zawo zimatha kukhala chakudya chouma, chozizira kapena chamoyo. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kutsatira mfundo zina. Mwachitsanzo:

• Pafupifupi 60% ayenera kukhala chakudya cha nyama.
• 40% yotsalayo ndi chakudya chochokera ku zomera.

Pansi pa chilengedwe, maziko a zakudya za anostomus ndi zomera, zomwe nsomba zimachotsa pamwamba pa miyala, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri. M'malo am'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zapaderazi zimakonda zakudya zanyama ngati tubifex. Ngakhale amakonda izi, anostomus amadyetsedwa ndi magaziworms, coretra ndi cyclops. Maziko a masamba chakudya ndi flakes scalded ndi letesi, komanso sipinachi, amene amasungidwa mufiriji. Kuchuluka kwa kudyetsa nsomba zazikulu sikuposa 1 kapena 2 pa tsiku.

Kugwirizana ndi khalidwe

Anostomus ndi nsomba za aquarium zomwe siziwonetsa nkhanza. Amakonda kutsogolera gulu la anthu ndipo amazolowera moyo watsopano, kuphatikiza mikhalidwe yam'madzi am'madzi. Popeza nsombazi zimakhala zamtendere zokhazokha, ndizololedwa kuzisunga pafupi ndi nsomba zomwe sizili zaukali ndipo zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wofanana.

Loricaria, cichlids wamtendere, nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi ma plecostomuses ndi oyandikana nawo. Anostomus saloledwa kukhazikika ndi mitundu yaukali ya nsomba kapena pang'onopang'ono, komanso mitundu yomwe ili ndi zipsepse zazitali kwambiri.

Kubala ndi ana

Pokhala m'malo achilengedwe, ma anostomuses amaberekanso monga mwanthawi zonse, nyengo, komanso m'mikhalidwe yamadzi am'madzi izi zimafunikira kukondoweza kwa mahomoni ndi gonadotropes. Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 28 ndi 30 madigiri. Kuonjezera apo, m'pofunika kuti ntchito yosefa ndi kuyendetsa madzi ikhale yabwino.

Chochititsa chidwi! Amuna ochokera kwa akazi amatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta ndi thupi lochepa kwambiri, pamene akazi ali ndi mimba yodzaza. Asanayambe kubereka, amuna amapeza mthunzi wosiyana kwambiri, wokhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri.

Nsombazi zimakhwima pakugonana zikafika zaka 2-3. Yaikazi imayikira mazira osapitirira 500, ndipo patatha tsiku, mazira a anostomus amawonekera.

Pambuyo pobereka, ndi bwino kuchotsa makolo nthawi yomweyo. Patsiku lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, mwachangu mwachangu-kusambira ndikuyamba kufunafuna chakudya. Kudyetsa kwawo, chakudya choyambira chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa mawonekedwe a "fumbi lamoyo".

Kuswana matenda

Anostomus amaimira gulu la nsomba za m'madzi zomwe zimakhala zopanda mavuto komanso zomwe sizidwala. Monga ulamuliro, matenda aliwonse akhoza kugwirizana ndi kuphwanya zikhalidwe m'ndende.

Nsombazi, monga mitundu ina iliyonse ya m'madzi, zimatha kudwala potenga matenda aliwonse, mafangasi, mabakiteriya, ma virus, komanso matenda obwera chifukwa cha kachilomboka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mavuto ena angagwirizane ndi kukhalapo kwa kuvulala, ndi kuphwanya hydrochemical bwino madzi, komanso kukhalapo kwa poizoni m'madzi.

Ndemanga za eni ake

Aquarists odziwa amalangiza kusunga Anostomus m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 6-7 akuluakulu.

Monga lamulo, nsomba zomwe zili m'madzi zimayenda motsatira njira inayake, koma zikamadyetsa zimakhala zosavuta kuyimirira. Izi ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wokangalika. Nthawi zonse amakhala otanganidwa ndi chinachake. Kwenikweni, ali otanganidwa kudya algae, omwe amazunguliridwa ndi zinthu zokongoletsera, miyala, komanso makoma a aquarium.

Pomaliza

Kusunga nsomba za aquarium m'nyumba mwanu ndi bizinesi yachibwana. Tsoka ilo, si nyumba iliyonse yomwe imatha kukhala ndi aquarium yokhala ndi malita 500. Choncho, awa ndi ambiri omwe ali ndi malo aakulu okhalamo, omwe si ophweka kupereka. Ndi iwo omwe angakwanitse kusamalira nsomba zomwe zimakula mpaka centimita imodzi ndi theka. Monga lamulo, m'malo a zipinda zamakono, komanso m'zipinda zaulamuliro wa Soviet Union, amayika malo osungiramo madzi osapitirira malita 100, ndiyeno malo otchedwa aquariums amaonedwa kuti ndi aakulu. M'madzi otere, nsomba zazing'ono zimasungidwa, mpaka 5 cm kutalika, osatinso.

Anostomus ndi nsomba zosangalatsa, zonse zamitundu komanso machitidwe, kotero ndizosangalatsa kuziwona. Kuonjezera apo, aquarium imakonzedwa kuti nsombazo zikhale zomasuka komanso zimakhala ngati zili mu chilengedwe. Izi ndi nsomba zamtendere zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wamtendere, woyezera, womwe udzakhala wosangalatsa kwambiri kwa mabanja, makamaka kwa ana.

Kusunga nsomba m'madzi am'madzi akuluakulu otere ndi chinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri. Komanso, izi ndizovuta zosangalatsa, chifukwa muyenera kusintha madzi kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo izi, pambuyo pa zonse, ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre, omwe muyenera kupita kwinakwake. Madzi a pampopi si abwino, chifukwa ndi akuda, komanso ndi bulichi. Kulowa m’malo koteroko kungaphe nsomba zonse.

Pachifukwa ichi, tikhoza kunena kuti kusunga nsomba m'madzi am'madzi kunyumba, makamaka monga anostomuses, ndi bizinesi yodula komanso yovuta, ngakhale izi sizimayimitsa aquarists enieni.