Zamkatimu
Jini la freckle lomwe likufunsidwa
Ofufuza a ku Britain posachedwapa anapanga kuyesa kwa DNA kuti azindikire jini ya freckle kuti athe kuneneratu mwayi wokhala ndi mutu wofiira pang'ono. Koma kodi tingadziwedi mtundu wa tsitsi la mwana wathu wamtsogolo? Chifukwa chiyani uwu uli mthunzi wosowa chonchi? Pulofesa Nadem Soufir, katswiri wa chibadwa pachipatala cha André Bichat akutiunikira ...
Nchiyani chimatsimikizira mtundu wofiira wa tsitsi?
Wotchedwa MCR1 mu jargon yasayansi, jini iyi ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, mtundu wa tsitsi lofiira ndi zotsatira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana kubweretsa zosintha. Nthawi zambiri, jini ya MCR1, yomwe ndi cholandirira, imayang'anira ma melanocyte, ndiko kuti, maselo omwe amapaka tsitsi. Maselo amenewa amapanga melanin wofiirira, amene amachititsa kuti khungu likhale lofewa. Koma pakakhala zosinthika (pali khumi ndi awiri), cholandilira cha MCR1 sichigwira ntchito bwino komanso imafunsa ma melanocyte kupanga melanin yomwe ili ndi mtundu wachikasu-lalanje. Izi zimatchedwa pheomelanin.
Izi ziyenera kuzindikiridwa : Ngakhale atakhala ndi jini ya MCR1, anthu amtundu waku Africa alibe mitundu. Choncho sangakhale ofiira. Kusintha kwachibadwa kwa anthu n'kogwirizana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu akuda, okhala m'madera okhala ndi dzuwa lamphamvu, alibe mitundu ya MC1R. Panali kusankha kotsutsa, komwe kunalepheretsa kupanga mitundu iyi yomwe ikanakhala poizoni kwambiri kwa iwo.
Kodi ndizotheka kulosera madontho amwana?
Masiku ano, ngakhale asanabadwe, makolo amtsogolo amalingalira za thupi la mwana wawo. Adzakhala ndi mphuno yanji, kukamwa kwake kudzakhala kotani? Ndipo ofufuza a ku Britain posachedwapa anapanga kuyesa kwa DNA kuti azindikire jini ya tonyezimira, makamaka kwa amayi oyembekezera kuti adziŵe mpata wokhala ndi mutu wofiira pang’ono ndi kukonzekera zimenezo. chilichonse chamankhwala cha ana awa. Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka, mutha kukhala chonyamulira cha jini iyi, popanda kukhala wofiira nokha. Komabe katswiri wa chibadwa Nadem Soufir ndi wagulu: kuwunikaku ndikopusa kwenikweni. "Kuti ukhale wofiira, uyenera kukhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya RHC (mtundu wa tsitsi lofiira). Ngati makolo onse ali ofiira, zikuwonekeratu, momwemonso mwanayo. Anthu awiri atsitsi lakuda amathanso kukhala ndi mwana wofiira, ngati aliyense wa iwo ali ndi kusiyana kwa RHC, koma zovuta ndi 25% yokha. Kuonjezera apo, mwana wa mestizo kapena Creole ndi munthu wa mtundu wa Caucasus angakhalenso tsitsi lofiira. Ma genetics a pigmentation ndi ovuta, pali zinthu zingapo, zomwe sitikuzidziwa, zimagwira ntchito. Kupitilira pa funso lodalirika, aKatswiri wa chibadwa amatsutsa chiwopsezo cha chikhalidwe: kuchotsa mimba kosankha.
Akamakula, tsitsi la Mwana nthawi zina limasintha mtundu. Timaonanso masinthidwe akamakula. Zosinthazi zimalumikizidwa makamaka ndi kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, padzuwa, tsitsi limasanduka blond. Ana atsitsi lofiira amatha kuchita mdima akamakula, koma utotowo nthawi zambiri umakhalabe.
Chifukwa chiyani chofiira pang'ono?
Ngati ndife onyamula jini ya freckle, ndizodabwitsa kwambiri 5% yokha ya anthu aku France ndi ofiira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira 2011, banki ya umuna ya Danish Cryos savomerezanso opereka ofiira, kuperekerako kumakhala kokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zomwe akufuna. Ambiri mwa omwe adalandira amachokera ku Greece, Italy kapena Spain ndipo amakopa opereka bulauni. Komabe, redheads siziyenera kutha, monga momwe mphekesera zina zimayambira. "Kuchepa kwawo kumalumikizidwa makamaka ndi kusakanikirana kwa anthu. Ku France, aanthu ochokera ku Africa, Kumpoto kwa Africa, omwe alibe kapena ochepa mitundu ya MC1R, ndi ambiri. Komabe, ma redheads amapezeka kwambiri m'madera ena, monga Brittany komwe chiwerengero chawo chimakhala chokhazikika. “Timaonanso chikoka chofiira pafupi ndi malire a Lorraine ndi Alsatian,” akufotokoza motero Dr. Soufir. Kuphatikiza apo, pali phale lonse lofiira, kuyambira auburn kupita ku chestnut yakuda. Komanso, omwe amadzitcha kuti Venetian blonde ndi ofiira omwe amanyalanyazana ".
Ndi 13% yofiira mu chiwerengero chake, Scotland ili ndi mbiri ya redheads. Iwo ali 10% ku Ireland.
Tetezani thanzi la ana ofiira
Mwana wofiira: samalani ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa!
Zodzitetezera kudzuwa, kupita mumthunzi, chipewa… m'chilimwe, mawu amodzi: pewani kuyatsa Mwana padzuwa. Makolo omwe ali ndi ana ofiira ayenera kukhala tcheru kwambiri. Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka, akakula, amatha kudwala khansa yapakhungu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwateteza kuyambira ali achichepere, ku radiation ya ultraviolet.
Kumbali yawo, anthu aku Asia ali ndi mtundu wosiyana, ndi mitundu yochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake sakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi melanoma. Métis kapena Creoles okhala ndi ma freckles ayeneranso kusamala ndi dzuwa, ngakhale atakhala "otetezedwa bwino kudzuwa kuposa azungu".
Ngakhale ma redheads amatha kudwala khansa zina ndikukhala ndi ukalamba wam'mbuyo wapakhungu, katswiri wa geneticist akufotokoza kuti "chibadwa chomwe chili chovulaza ku mfundo imodzi chimakhalanso ndi zopindulitsa". Inde, aAnthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ya MC1R amajambula mosavuta ma radiation a ultraviolet m'malo okwera, yofunika kwambiri kwa vitamini D. “Izi zikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake, malinga ndi mfundo yodziŵika bwino ya kusankha kwachilengedwe, ma Neanderthal, opezeka kum’maŵa kwa Ulaya, anali kale ndi tsitsi lofiira.
Kugwirizana ndi matenda a Parkinson?
Ubale pakati pa matenda a Parkinson ndi kukhala wofiira nthawi zina umatchulidwa. Komabe Nadem Soufir amakhalabe wosamala: "Izi sizinatsimikizidwe. Mbali inayi, pali mgwirizano wa epidemiological pakati pa matendawa ndi melanoma. Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu wa khansa yapakhungu amakhala ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi matenda a Parkinson ka 2 mpaka 3. Ndipo amene amadwala matendawa amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha kudwala melanoma. Pali maulalo koma sizimadutsa mumtundu wa MC1R ”. Komanso, palibe mgwirizano pakati pa ma freckles ndi alubino. Pankhani imeneyi, “kafukufuku waposachedwapa amene anachitika m’nyumba yophunziriramo wasonyeza kuti mbewa za alubino sizimadwala khansa yapakhungu, ngakhale kuti pakhungu mulibe khungu, mosiyana ndi mbewa zofiira. “
Redheads, osamva ululu
Ofiira osagonjetseka? Inu mukhoza pafupifupi kukhulupirira izo! Zowonadi, jini ya MC1R imawonetsedwa mu chitetezo chamthupi komanso mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje lapakati ubwino wa redheads kukhala wosamva ululu.
Phindu lina lalikulu: kukopa kugonana. Redheads angakhale kwambiri ... achigololo.
Kodi mukufuna kukambirana za izo pakati pa makolo? Kuti mupereke maganizo anu, kubweretsa umboni wanu? Timakumana pa https://forum.parents.fr.