Contusion ndi chotupa pakhungu popanda bala. Ndi zotsatira za kunjenjemera, kumenyedwa, kugwa kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri, sizovuta.

Kusokonezeka kumachitika chifukwa cha kugunda, kugwedezeka, kugwa kapena kupanikizana. Ndiwotupa pakhungu, osang'ambika kapena zilonda. Timalankhulanso za kuvulala kapena kuvulala, ngati kutuluka magazi pansi pakhungu; kapena hematoma ngati thumba la magazi likupanga, kumayambitsa kutupa. N'zotheka kutenga mikwingwirima paliponse pathupi. Komabe, madera ena amatha kukhudzidwa kwambiri: mawondo, ziboda, zigongono, manja, mikono, ndi zina zambiri.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikwingwirima:

• kusokonezeka kwa minofu komwe kumakhudza ulusi wa minofu ndikuyimira nthawi zambiri;
• kuphulika kwa fupa komwe kumakhala kuphulika kwa fupa popanda kusweka, nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi magazi ochepa amkati;
• pulmonary contuction yomwe imakhudza mapapu, popanda kuphulika, pambuyo povulala kwambiri pachifuwa;
• kusokonezeka kwa ubongo komwe kumayambitsa kukanikiza kwa ubongo, kutsatira kugwedezeka kwakukulu kumutu.

Nthawi zambiri, awa ndi minofu kapena mafupa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ovulala popanda kuwopsa. Zitha kuganiziridwa mozama kutengera malo komanso kukula kwa kugwedezeka. Nthawi zina, potsatira kugwedezeka kwakukulu, kuphulika kapena kupasuka kungagwirizane ndi kusokonezeka. Pankhani ya pulmonary kapena cerebral contusion, chithandizo chamankhwala ndichofunika.

Zifukwa zazikulu za contusion ndi:

• kugwedezeka (zokhudza chinthu, kugwa kwa chinthu pamapazi, etc.);
• zikwapu (masewera a timu, masewera olimbana, kulimbana, etc.);
• kugwa (ngozi zapakhomo, mphindi yosasamala, etc.).

Zotsatirazi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za dera lovulala:

• minofu ulusi;
• tendons;
• mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi;
• mapeto a mitsempha;
• etc.

A contusion akhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Anthu ena amakhala pachiwopsezo cha kugwedezeka, monga othamanga omwe amamenyedwa ndi kugwedezeka kapena okalamba, omwe amakhala pachiwopsezo cha kugwa.

Kuthamanga kwa minofu kungayambitse zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukhudza, ngakhale kupweteka;
• zotheka kupweteka panthawi yoyenda;
• kutupa pang'ono;
• kusowa kwa chilonda;
• Khungu lofiirira-buluu kapena wobiriwira-chikasu, ngati pali kapena palibe magazi pansi pa chisokonezo.

Kutupa kwa fupa kumatha kukhala kowawa kwambiri ngati chinsalu chomwe chimakwirira fupa (periosteum) chikapsa.

Matenda a m'mapapo angayambitse kupuma movutikira, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, kutsokomola ndi kutsokomola magazi.

Kusokonezeka kwaubongo nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kutaya magazi ndi edema. Kuopsa kwake kumadalira kukula ndi malo a chotupacho.

Nthawi zambiri, chisokonezo ndi chilonda choopsa chomwe chimadzichiritsa chokha m'masiku ochepa, popanda kuyambitsa zovuta. Zingafunike chisamaliro chapafupi monga kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kumwa mankhwala opweteka. Nthawi zambiri, sikufuna kulowererapo kwa dokotala. Kudziletsa mankhwala n'zotheka pa malangizo a pharmacist. Ngati palibe kusintha pakadutsa masiku atatu odzipangira okha, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Ndizotheka kukhazikitsa njira zochepetsera zizindikiro pamene zilondazo zikutha. Chithandizocho chiyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga (maola 24 mpaka 48 pambuyo pa kusokonezeka) ndipo idzakhazikitsidwa pa:

• minyewa yomwe yakhudzidwa: palibe cholemera pamagulu okhudzidwa, ndodo kapena slings ngati kuwonongeka kumafuna;
• kugwiritsa ntchito ozizira kuchepetsa ululu ndi kutupa: kugwiritsa ntchito compresses ozizira atakulungidwa mu nsalu kwa mphindi 20 kangapo masana kutsatira mantha;
• kuponderezana: kukulunga malo opweteka ndi bandeji, plint kapena orthosis;
• kukweza malo ovulala pamwamba pa mlingo wa mtima kuti achepetse kutupa;
• kumwa kotheka kwa ma analgesics pakamwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito gel osakaniza;
• kumwa mankhwala amkamwa kapena am'deralo oletsa kutupa kuti muchepetse ululu komanso kupewa kutupa.

Ndikofunikira kufunsa ngati:

• ngati kuyenda kapena kuyenda kuli kovuta kapena kosatheka;
• pakupanga thumba la magazi;
• ngati dera lovulala limakhala lofiira, lotentha komanso lopweteka;
• ngati chiwalo chatupa kapena chopunduka;
• ngati diso likuwomba kapena m'dera lake, lingayambitse magazi m'kati kapena kutuluka kwa retina;
• pakakhala vuto la pulmonary kapena cerebral contusion;
• ngati mukukayikira za zotheka sprain kapena fracture;
• ngati palibe kusintha patatha masiku atatu akudzipangira okha.

Milandu yomwe tafotokozayi si yofala kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kusokonezeka sikufuna kuti achitepo kanthu ndi dokotala.