Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera
Ziphuphu ndi mitengo yomwe imakula m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Amatsuka mpweya bwino ndikukhala ngati zokongoletsa m'misewu. Mitengoyi imakhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso zoyambirira mumtengo. Nthawi yamaluwa, mpweya umadzaza ndi fungo lokoma.
Ana nthawi zambiri amapanga maluso akunyumba kuchokera ku zipatso za mbewu. Komanso, m'maiko angapo, zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi ma chestnuts. Komabe, izi sizinthu zonse zosangalatsa za mabokosi. Munkhaniyi tigawana zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri za chomeracho.
Zipatso za chomera Noble Chestnut kapena Real Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mille). Ndi ya banja la beech ndipo imakulira kumadera otentha ku Europe, Asia, North America ndi Caucasus.
Mtedza zipse “mabokosi” ozungulira okhala ndi zidutswa 2-4.
Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa zipatso za mabokosi abwino ndi zipatso za mabokosi amuhatchi, zomwe sizidya, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsa poyizoni. Mgoza wamahatchi ndiofala kwambiri ku Russia, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizinda ndipo amadziwika chifukwa cha "kandulo" pachimake. Pali chipatso chimodzi chokha mu chipolopolo cha mgoza wamahatchi, chimalawa chowawa, osati chotsekemera, ngati mtedza wabwino kwambiri.
Pali Phwando la Chestnut ku France. Mtedzawu umadziwika kuti ndiwopangidwa ndi achi French.
Akuyerekeza kuti 40% ya ma chestnuts omwe amadya ali ku China.
Kapangidwe ndi kalori zili mgoza
Mchenga uli ndi flavonoids, mafuta, pectins, tannins, wowuma, shuga, mapuloteni a masamba. Uwu ndiye mtedza wokha womwe uli ndi vitamini C, mulinso mavitamini A ndi B, michere yamafuta (chitsulo, potaziyamu).
- Mapuloteni, g: 3.4.
- Mafuta, g: 3.0.
- Zakudya, g: 30.6
- Zakudya za calorie - 245 kilocalories
Mbiri ya ma chestnuts
Mgoza ndi mtengo wa banja la Beech wokhala ndi zipatso za dzina lomweli. Chigoba chowonda chachikopa cha chipatso chimabisa mtedza, gawo lodyedwa la mabokosi. Mabokosi amakula ku Greece Yakale ndi Roma wakale.
Aroma ankazigwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya, ndipo Agiriki ankazigwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Aroma adabweretsa mabokosi ku Britain. Kuchokera ku Europe, ma chestnuts afalikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitengo ya mabokosi yakhala ikukula padziko lathuli kuyambira nthawi zakale. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa chomeracho kunayamba ku 378 BC.
Zipatso za chomeracho nthawi ina zimatchedwa "mpunga womwe umamera pamtengo." Izi ndichifukwa chamakhalidwe azakudya. Ndi ofanana ndi mpunga wabulauni. Komabe, zowonadi, mbewu sizifanana ndipo sizogwirizana. Mabokosi amatha kukula kwa zaka zopitilira 500. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amabala zipatso.
Zowona, anthu amawononga mitengo kalekale. Mu zamankhwala, "chestnut kavalo" ndi ponseponse. Chomeracho chidabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku Turkey. Poyambirira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chamahatchi. Pambuyo pake, pamaziko a zipatso, adayamba kukonzekera chithandizo cha chifuwa cha nyama. Ndicho chifukwa chake chomeracho chinatchedwa dzina.
Pakadali pano pali mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya mabokosi. Komabe, si onse omwe ali oyenera kudya, komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Mitundu ingapo ilibe ntchito.
Mitundu ya mabokosi
Tiyeni tiyambe ndikuti mgoza wodyedwa ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi chomeracho, zipatso zomwe ma Kievans amatha kutenga Khreshchatyk. Chithumwa chapadera kumizinda yaku our country chimaperekedwa ndi mabokosi okongoletsera a kavalo, omwe adadziwika kuti zipatso zake zimakhala ndi mtundu wofanana komanso zowala ngati za mahatchi. Mayina ena a chomerachi ndi m'mimba kapena esculus.
Maluwa, zipatso ndi makungwa a mchifuwa wamahatchi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mankhwala amapezeka kuti athetse matenda opatsirana. Mu mankhwala achikhalidwe, msuzi wofinyidwa kuchokera kumaluwa atsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa vasodilation pamapazi ndi zotupa. Kuchokera pa decoction wa makungwa a nthambi, malo osambira amapangidwira ma hemorrhoids. Mankhwala oledzeretsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito akunja amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa ululu wa msana ndi arthric ...
Koma kufesa kodyera kodyetsa ndi kwa banja losiyana kwambiri. Amakula makamaka ku Mediterranean, Black Sea m'chigawo cha Asia Minor ndi Caucasus. Ku our country, mabokosi amtchire amapezeka ku Crimea. Zowona, mitundu "yotukuka" yaku Europe yomwe imalimidwa ku Italy, France kapena Spain ndi yayikulu kwambiri - kukula kwa chimandarini.
Kodi mabokosi odyera amawoneka bwanji?
Itha kusiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ake ataliatali, okhala ndi mano, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi chogwirira osati ndi asterisk, koma m'modzi m'modzi. Mitengoyi imakhala yokwera mita 40, ndipo maluwawo ndi owoneka ngati achikaso achikaso. Capsule ya chipatso chimadzaza ndi minga yambiri yayitali, ndipo mkati (mosiyana ndi mabokosi amodzi a akavalo) pali mtedza wa 2-4 mawonekedwe a babu nthawi imodzi.
Mtedza wodyera womwewo kunja kwake ndi kofanana pang'ono ndi zipatso za mabokosi abulu. Ndi mtedza waukulu, wolimba (nthawi zina pafupifupi wosalala) wokhala ndi chipolopolo chofiirira chakuda. Tsamba la mabokosi amenewa ndi oyera ndi zamkati zokoma - zikawotchedwa, kukoma kwake kumafanana ndi mbatata youma, yopanda kanthu.
Chosangalatsa: Kwa mitengo ya mabokosi, zaka 500 sizolemba. Chomerachi chinalipo kuyambira kale. M'zaka za zana lachinayi BC. Aroma ankalima mabokosi mwachangu pogaya mtedza mu ufa wophika buledi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma tannins, sikulimbikitsidwa kudya ma chestnuts yaiwisi.
Ndiwo chakudya chofala m'maphikidwe aku France, Japan, Italy, China, ndi mayiko aku Asia. Amatha kukazinga, kuphika, kuphika, kuphika.
Chakudya chotchuka kwambiri ndi ma chestnuts okazinga. Kuti akonzekere, zipatsozo zimayenera kudulidwa kuti ziwoloke, zomwe zithandizanso kuyeretsa kwa mtedza mu chipolopolo. Kenako ikani mtedzawo poto wowotcha, pomwe sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Teflon, kuphimba ndi zopukutira zonyowa kuti ma chestnuts asamaume, ndikutseka chivindikirocho. Pambuyo mphindi 20-30, ma chestnuts amakhala okonzeka.
Mukamauma mwachangu, muyenera kusamala kuti zopukutira m'madzi zizinyowa komanso kuti azisintha ma chestnuts nthawi ndi nthawi. Mukazinga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisiye msanga ma chestnuts, chifukwa adzakhalanso ovuta ataziziritsa.
Mabokosi amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziphikidwa kamodzi akangotaya kununkhira kwawo msanga.
Zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga ufa ndikuwonjezera mkate, maswiti, ayisikilimu, makeke, mitanda. Ufa wamtengo wapatali umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Corsica pophika buledi, mu mtedza momwemo - popangira msuzi wa mabokosi ndi adyo ndi anyezi, ngati mbale yotsatira ya mphodza.
France imadziwika ndi chizolowezi chake chowotcha ma chestnuts m'misewu. Pali holide yadziko lonse ku France yotchedwa "Sabata Wolawa", yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pa "Phwando la mabokosi".
Mabokosi amayenda bwino ndi vinyo wambiri, Norman cider, shrimp, mousse wa lalanje, katsitsumzukwa, scallops.
Ku Japan, amakonzedwa ndi nkhuku ndi mpunga, kapena amatumikiridwa ngati chotukuka cha mowa. Ku China, ma chestnuts amadziwika ngati zowonjezera nyama. Komanso, mbale zopangidwa kuchokera ku nyama ya nkhumba zomwe zidadyetsedwa ma chestnuts zimayamikiridwa kwambiri pamenepo.
Zopindulitsa
Mabotolo amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa thupi, zomwe zimathandizira kuonjezera chitetezo chamthupi, kulimbitsa thupi.
Pazifukwa zamankhwala, ma decoctions, infusions kapena zakumwa zoledzeretsa za mabokosi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa atherosclerosis, matenda oopsa, matenda amtima, matenda a chiwindi, articular rheumatism, varicose veins, matenda azimayi, zotupa m'mimba, thrombophlebitis, kuchepa kwamagazi m'chiuno chaching'ono.
Contraindications
Horse mgoza mankhwala contraindicated ana, akazi ndi kusakhazikika msambo, mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere, anthu akudwala matenda a magazi, atonic kudzimbidwa, hypoacid gastritis, osauka magazi clotting.
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso omwe amamwa mankhwala amtunduwu amafunika kuwayang'anira nthawi zonse. Anthu onse omwe akufuna kulandira chithandizo ndi chomerachi akuyenera kukayezetsa magazi prothrombin, ndipo ngati kuwerenga kwa protein iyi kumachepa, muyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo kumwa mankhwalawo.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mulingo woyenera wa kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala kapena mankhwala ena sayenera kupitilizidwa. Ziweto zimasonyezedwa kuti zimatafuna zipatso za mgoza, zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni wambiri. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ana, popeza zipatso za mtengowu sizidyedwa.
Mfundo Zokondweretsa
Mtengo wakale kwambiri wa mabokosi ndi mtengo womwe umakula ku Sicily. Ndiyonso yonenepa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mbiya yozungulira ndi masentimita 58. Asayansi sangathe kudziwa kuti mtengowu ndi wazaka zingati. Zitha kukhala zaka 2000-4000. Chomera chakale kwambiri komanso chokhuthala kwambiri chidalembedwa m'buku la Guinness.
Phwando la mabokosi limachitika chaka chilichonse ku Italy. Pa tchuthi, alendo amapatsidwa mbale zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso za mbewu. Zaka zingapo zapitazo mmodzi wa iwo anaphatikizidwa mu Guinness Book.
Wophika wa malo odyera odziwika bwino achi Italiya adapanga Zakudyazi za ufa wa mabokosi mita 100 kutalika. Katswiriyu adagwira ntchito tsiku lonse pazomwe adalemba. Iye yekha adakanda mtandawo ndikupanga Zakudyazi pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera a pasitala.
Pambuyo pake, Zakudyazi zidadulidwa ndikuphika mpaka dente. Alendo onse achikondwererochi adalandira mankhwalawa. Alendo ndi oweruza ankakonda Zakudyazi za mabokosi kotero kuti nthawi yomweyo ankadya chilichonse osazindikira.
Ku Geneva, kwazaka mazana awiri, pakhala miyambo yolengeza kuyambika kwa masika ndi lamulo lapadera pomwe tsamba loyamba limamasula "mabokosi ovomerezeka" omwe akukula pansi pazenera la nyumba yaboma ya cantonal.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, nthawi zambiri kasupe adalengezedwa mu Marichi, ngakhale nthawi zambiri kale, ndipo mu 2002 mabokosi adachita maluwa pa Disembala 29. Chaka chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali 2006: choyamba, kasupe adalengezedwa mu Marichi, kenako mu Okutobala, ngati mtengo mwadzidzidzi anaphukanso.
Mu 1969, mabokosiwo adakhala chizindikiro cha Kiev - chifukwa chinali chosangalatsa kuyang'ana, ndipo masamba ake ndi maluwa ake anali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera.