Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe

Pa Novembara 1, 2021, Aaron Temkin Beck adamwalira - dokotala wazamisala waku America, pulofesa wazamisala, yemwe adalowa m'mbiri monga mlengi wa chidziwitso-khalidwe mu psychotherapy.

“Mfungulo ya kumvetsetsa ndi kuthetsa mavuto a m’maganizo ili m’maganizo mwa wodwalayo,” anatero katswiri wa zamaganizo. Njira yake yowonongeka yogwira ntchito ndi kuvutika maganizo, phobias ndi matenda a nkhawa yawonetsa zotsatira zabwino pa chithandizo ndi makasitomala ndipo yakhala yotchuka ndi akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Njira iyi ya psychotherapy imakopa chidwi ndipo imathandizira kuchotsa malingaliro olakwika ndi malingaliro omwe amatilepheretsa ife kukhala ndi ufulu wosankha ndikukankhira ife kuchita molingana ndi chitsanzo.

Njirayi imalola, ngati kuli kofunikira, kukonza malingaliro osazindikira, "odziwikiratu" a wodwalayo. Amaona kuti ndi zoona, koma zoona zake n’zakuti akhoza kusokoneza kwambiri zochitika zenizeni. Maganizo amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala magwero a zowawa, khalidwe losayenera, kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, ndi matenda ena.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito

Therapy imachokera ku ntchito yogwirizana ya wothandizira ndi wodwalayo. Katswiriyu saphunzitsa wodwalayo kuganiza moyenera, koma pamodzi ndi iye amamvetsetsa ngati kuganiza kozolowereka kumamuthandiza kapena kumulepheretsa. Chinsinsi cha kupambana ndi kutenga nawo mbali mwakhama kwa wodwala, yemwe sangagwire ntchito m'magawo, komanso kuchita homuweki.

Ngati pachiyambi mankhwala amangoganizira za zizindikiro ndi madandaulo a wodwalayo, ndiye pang'onopang'ono amayamba kukhudza madera osadziwa kuganiza - zikhulupiriro zazikulu, komanso zochitika zaubwana zomwe zinakhudza mapangidwe awo. Mfundo ya ndemanga ndi yofunika - wothandizira amafufuza nthawi zonse momwe wodwalayo akumvera zomwe zikuchitika mu chithandizo, ndikukambirana naye zolakwika zomwe zingatheke.

patsogolo

Wodwalayo, pamodzi ndi psychotherapist, amapeza momwe vutoli likuwonekera: momwe "malingaliro odziwikiratu" amawonekera komanso momwe amakhudzira malingaliro ake, zochitika ndi khalidwe lake. Mu gawo loyamba, wothandizira amangomvetsera mosamala kwa wodwalayo, ndipo lotsatira amakambirana mwatsatanetsatane malingaliro ndi khalidwe la wodwalayo muzochitika zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku: amaganiza chiyani akadzuka? Nanga bwanji chakudya cham'mawa? Cholinga chake ndi kulemba mndandanda wa nthawi ndi zochitika zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa.

Kenako dokotalayo ndi wodwalayo amakonza dongosolo la ntchito. Zimaphatikizapo ntchito zoti mumalize m'malo kapena pazochitika zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa - kukwera chikepe, kudya chakudya chamadzulo pagulu ... Zochita izi zimakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza maluso atsopano ndikusintha pang'onopang'ono khalidwe. Munthu amaphunzira kukhala wosakhazikika komanso wokhazikika, kuti awone mbali zosiyanasiyana za vuto.

Dokotala nthawi zonse amafunsa mafunso ndikufotokozera mfundo zomwe zingathandize wodwalayo kumvetsetsa vutolo. Gawo lirilonse liri losiyana ndi lapitalo, chifukwa nthawi iliyonse wodwala akupita patsogolo pang'ono ndikuzoloŵera kukhala popanda kuthandizidwa ndi wothandizira malinga ndi malingaliro atsopano, osinthika.

M’malo “mowerenga” maganizo a anthu ena, munthu amaphunzira kusiyanitsa ake, amayamba kuchita zinthu mosiyana, ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, maganizo ake amasinthanso. Amachepetsa, akumva kuti ali ndi moyo komanso womasuka. Amayamba kukhala pa ubwenzi ndi iye n’kusiya kudziweruza yekha ndi anthu ena.

Ndizochitika ziti zomwe ndizofunikira?

Thandizo lachidziwitso limathandiza polimbana ndi kuvutika maganizo, mantha, nkhawa zamagulu, kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi vuto la kudya. Njirayi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza kuledzera, kuledzera kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ngakhale schizophrenia (monga njira yothandizira). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chithandizo chachidziwitso ndi choyeneranso kuthana ndi kudzidalira, mavuto a ubale, kufuna kuti zinthu zikhale bwino, komanso kuzengereza.

Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito payekha komanso pantchito ndi mabanja. Koma sikoyenera kwa odwala omwe sali okonzeka kutenga nawo mbali pa ntchitoyo ndikuyembekezera kuti wodwalayo apereke uphungu kapena kungotanthauzira zomwe zikuchitika.

Kodi mankhwala amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Mtengo wake ndi chiyani?

Chiwerengero cha misonkhano chimadalira kufunitsitsa kwa kasitomala kugwira ntchito, pa zovuta za vuto ndi zikhalidwe za moyo wake. Gawo lililonse limatenga mphindi 50. Njira ya mankhwala ndi 5-10 magawo 1-2 pa sabata. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.