Kuphwanya ufulu waumwini m'dziko lathu mu 2022
Kuphwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi nkhani yayikulu yomwe imatha kubweretsanso mlandu. Momwe kukopera kumagwirira ntchito m'dziko Lathu mu 2022 - timazipeza limodzi ndi katswiri

Chithunzi chosindikizidwa popanda chilolezo, kubwereka nyimbo ya munthu wina, kutulutsa zida pansi pa chizindikiro "chabodza" - zonsezi ndikuphwanya malamulo. M'dziko Lathu, komanso padziko lonse lapansi, mchitidwewu umapezeka paliponse. Anthu ambiri amvapo za luntha, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa kuti ophwanya malamulo akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu ndikulipidwa. Tilankhule za njira zotetezera omwe ali ndi copyright, tikuuzeni momwe mungakonzekerere chigamulo chophwanya copyright m'dziko lathu mu 2022.

Kodi kukopera ndi chiyani

Copyright ndi ufulu waluntha wa munthu kapena bungwe lovomerezeka ku ntchito za sayansi, zolemba ndi zaluso.

Komanso, kukopera ndi mndandanda wamalamulo omwe amawongolera ubale wokhudzana ndi kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zina.

Ndiko kuti, kukopera kumamveka mwachindunji kuti chuma chanzeru ndi cha munthu wina, kapena ngati gawo lazamalamulo lomwe limakhudzana ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi nzeru.

Mawonekedwe a copyright M'dziko Lathu

Kodi kukopera kumaphimba chiyani?Pa ntchito za sayansi, zolemba ndi zaluso. Ntchito za sayansi zimatanthawuza kufalikira kwakukulu: kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi mapulogalamu a IT mpaka kupindula kwa kuswana ndi nkhokwe
Kodi wolemba buku ali ndi ufulu wotani?Exclusive, ufulu dzina la wolemba, ufulu wolemba, ufulu inviolability ndi kufalitsa ntchito. Nthawi zina, pali ufulu wa malipiro a ntchito yautumiki, ufulu wokumbukira, ufulu wotsatira ndi kupeza ntchito zaluso.
Kutalika kwa kukopera kwapaderaKuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 70. Zimatengera chidutswa chenichenicho. Mwachitsanzo, kwa mapangidwe a mafakitale nthawi yayifupi kwambiri ndi zaka 5, kwa mabuku ndi mafilimu otalika kwambiri ndi zaka 70. Komanso, pankhani ya mabuku (osati mabuku okha!) Nthawiyi imawerengedwa kuyambira chaka chotsatira pambuyo pa imfa ya wolemba. Ufulu ndi wovomerezeka pa moyo wa wolemba, koma kachiwiri - osati ndi ntchito zonse
Ndi liti pamene wolemba ali ndi ufulu wogwira ntchito?Pa nthawi ya kulengedwa kwake
Chikalata chachikulu chomwe chimayang'anira kukoperaGawo Lachinayi la Civil Code of the Federation
Yemwe angakhale ndi copyrightAnthu ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka
Njira zodzitetezera ku kuphwanyidwa kwa copyrightDeposit, copyright, mlandu, apolisi

Nkhani yophwanya ufulu waumwini

Khodi yoyang'anira (CAO RF) ili ndi nkhani 7.121. Mu Code Criminal Code (Criminal Code of the Federation) pali nkhani 1462 chifukwa chophwanya kukopera ndi maufulu okhudzana nawo. Kuphatikiza apo, mu Civil Code of the Federation, nkhani 13013 akuti ngati kuphwanya ufulu wokhawokha wa ntchito, wolemba kapena wina yemwe ali ndi ufulu atha kufuna kuwonongedwa kapena kulipidwa.

Mlandu wophwanya malamulo

Otsogolera

Pansi pa Article 7.12 ya Code of Administrative Offences of the Federation, atha kukhala ndi mlandu wophwanya ufulu wa kukopera, wokhudzana, woyambitsa komanso patent. Koma mndandanda wa zochitika zomwe angalangidwe nazo ndizochepa.

  • Lowetsani, kugulitsa, kubwereketsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mosaloledwa kwa makope a ntchito kapena ma phonogalamu kuti mupeze ndalama. Ndiko kuti, anayesera kupanga ndalama pa nzeru za munthu wina. Nthawi yomweyo, makope a ntchito ayenera kukhala abodza kapena ali ndi zidziwitso zabodza za opanga, malo omwe amapangidwira, komanso za eni ake aumwini ndi maufulu okhudzana nawo. Chitsanzo chophweka: kugulitsa nsapato ndi zovala zokhala ndi zizindikiro zamtundu, zomwe kampani yomwe ili ndi ufulu waumwini ilibe kanthu.
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa zinthu zopangidwa, zogwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kapangidwe ka mafakitale. Chitsanzo: wasayansi analandira patent kuti adziwe, koma malinga ndi zojambula zake, kutulutsidwa kwa zomwe anatulukira kunayambika popanda kufunika.
  • Kuwulula popanda chilolezo cha mlembi wa zomwe zidapangidwa, mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito kapena kapangidwe ka mafakitale zisanachitike kusindikizidwa kovomerezeka kokhudza iwo. Chitsanzo: isanatulutsidwe foni yamakono yatsopano, olowa mkati akuyesera kutulutsa chithunzi cha chipangizocho pa intaneti. Ngati izi zidachitika m'Dziko Lathu, munthu atha kuyimbidwa mlandu pansi pankhaniyi. Ngakhale kunja, nzeru zimatetezedwa ngakhale mosamalitsa, kotero makampani amamanganso milandu.
  • Kupatsidwa kwa olemba kapena kukakamiza kuti akhale olemba anzawo.

Nkhaniyi ili ndi chilango cha chindapusa. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama kumadalira yemwe waphwanya lamulo. Anthu amalipira ma ruble 2000, akuluakulu - mpaka ma ruble 20, ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka - mpaka ma ruble 000. Khoti likhoza kusankha kulanda katundu wabodza.

Milandu yoyang'anira pakuphwanyidwa kwa copyright imayendetsedwa ndi makhothi am'madera ambiri. Lamulo loletsa milandu yotereyi ndi chaka chimodzi.

Chiwawa

Pansi pa Article 146 ya Criminal Code of the Federation, adzalangidwa chifukwa cha:

  • kuperekedwa kwa ulembi (chinyengo);
  • kugwiritsa ntchito mosaloledwa kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi ufulu wa kukopera kapena maufulu okhudzana nawo;
  • Kugula, kusungirako, kunyamula makope achinyengo a ntchito kapena magalamafoni kuti agulitse.

Zinthu zokhazo zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa wolemba kapena wina yemwe ali ndi copyright ndizogwera pansi pa Criminal Code. Zowonongeka zomwe zitha kudziwika ngati zazikulu, makhoti amasankha kuchokera pazochitika za mlandu uliwonse. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwenikweni, phindu lotayika, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimalandiridwa ndi wophwanya malamulo.

Chilangocho chikhoza kukhala chindapusa cha ma ruble 200, kudzudzula kapena kugwira ntchito mokakamiza. Choyipa kwambiri pakubera - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yomangidwa, chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito mosaloledwa komanso kubala - mpaka zaka ziwiri m'ndende. Lamulo la malire pamlandu ndi zaka ziwiri. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, wophwanyayo sadzalangidwanso.

Gawo lina la nkhaniyi likuwonetsa zolakwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosaloledwa ndi zinthu zokopera, komanso zochitika zonse zogulitsa zinthu zabodza, ngati:

  • zidapangidwa ndi gulu la anthu ogwirizana;
  • wolakwayo anagwiritsira ntchito udindo wake;
  • kuwonongeka kunadziwika ngati kwakukulu kwambiri - kuposa ma ruble 1 miliyoni.

Pamenepa, wophwanyayo adzagwira ntchito yokakamiza, chindapusa cha ma ruble 500, mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi m'ndende. Chilangocho chimatsimikiziridwa ndi khoti. Lamulo la malire pankhaniyi ndi zaka khumi.

Njira zotetezera kukopera

Pali njira zingapo zodzitetezera ku kuphwanyidwa kwa copyright m'dziko lathu.

Ikani chizindikiro ©

Imatchedwa copywrite - "copyright" kuchokera ku Chingerezi. Civil Code yathu imati:

"Kuti adziwitse za ufulu wokhawo wa ntchito yomwe ali nayo, yemwe ali ndi copyright ali ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito chikwangwani chachitetezo cha kukopera, chomwe chimayikidwa pagawo lililonse la ntchitoyo" (Ndime 1271 ya Civil Code of the Federation)4.

Khodiyo imalongosola chizindikiro cha "copyright" motere: chilembo cha Chilatini C mozungulira, pafupi ndi dzina kapena mutu wa mwiniwakeyo, komanso chaka choyamba chofalitsa ntchitoyo. 

Tsegulani mabuku amakono a osindikiza akuluakulu ndipo mudzawona chizindikiro choterocho patsamba lamutu, pachikuto chakumbuyo, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale pamitu yamasamba. Tengani malangizo pazida zam'nyumba ndikupezanso "copyright", chizindikiro chamalonda ndi zolemba "Ufulu wonse ndi wotetezedwa".

Chinthu chimodzi choipa: chizindikiro cha © si mtundu wina wamatsenga umene ungapereke chitetezo chodalirika pa luntha lanu. M'malo mwake, ndi njira yodzitetezera. Ndipo ngati ntchito yanu idabedwa, ndiye kuti kudzakhala kosavuta kwa inu kutsimikizira umwini wanu - pambuyo pake, dzina lanu ndi © zinali pa luntha.

Dipo laumwini

Uku ndikukonza zolembedwa za wolemba. Pali ma registries omwe amagwira ntchito kulola omwe ali ndi copyright kuti alembetse luntha lawo. Mwachitsanzo, maofesi a patent ndi mabungwe a copyright. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala maofesi akuthupi, koma mu 2022 pali mautumiki ochulukirachulukira omwe amapereka ntchito za escrow pa intaneti. Chitsanzo: adalemba nyimbo, adakweza, adalipira - adalandira satifiketi. Ataona kuti wina wakubera nyimbo, adapita kukhoti ndi umboniwu ndikutsimikizira mlandu wawo.

Kulipiritsa pakuphwanya malamulo

Pamwambapa tidalankhula za Article 1301 ya Civil Code of the Federation. Akuti kudzera m'khoti ndizotheka kubweza ma ruble 10 miliyoni mpaka 5 miliyoni polipira chifukwa chophwanya nzeru. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera mlandu kukhoti - chigawo, ngati muli ndi mkangano ndi munthu payekha, komanso potsutsana - ngati wophwanya malamulo ndi bungwe lalamulo. M'khoti, muyenera kukangana kuchuluka kwa chipukuta misozi ndikuwonetsa kuti muli ndi ufulu wokhawokha pantchitoyo.

Kubweretsa ku utsogoleri ndi milandu

Ngati kuphwanya ufulu waumwini kugwera m'mikhalidwe yomwe tafotokozera mugawo la Copyright Infringement Liability, mutha kuwonjezera wophwanya. Pa kapangidwe ka utsogoleri wa cholakwacho, perekani mlandu kukhothi. Pamilandu yaupandu, perekani lipoti la apolisi.

Momwe Mungakonzekerere Chigamulo Chophwanya Ufulu

Sankhani ngati mukufuna thandizo lazamalamulo

Pa gawo loyamba la kumenyera ufulu wanzeru, muyenera kusankha: kodi mukuchita nokha ndikupempha thandizo lazabwino? Loya ndi mtengo wowonjezera wandalama. Komano, kupulumutsa nthawi yanu. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati nkhani za kukopera ndizokhazikika kwa loya, amadziwa algorithm yothandiza polemba, kutumiza zodandaula ndikuzitsimikizira. Ndizotheka kuti ndi loya wodziwa bwino zitheke kuthana ndi kuphwanya malamulo popanda kubweretsa mlandu kukhoti.

Lembani kuphwanya

Musanaperekeze mlandu, muyenera kukhala ndi umboni wosonyeza kuti ntchito yanu ikubwerezedwanso, kugulitsidwa, kuwonetsedwa popanda kufunidwa. Simungapite kukhoti, kutsegula chithunzi pafoni yanu ndikunena kuti: “Aba chithunzi changa! kapena "Gulitsani malonda anga pansi pa chizindikiro chawo." Muyenera kupita kwa notary kuti mulembetse.

Konzekerani chiganizo chisanachitike

Kwa makhothi omwe ali ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka, izi ndizovuta. Zomwe zili m'madandaulo oyenerera kuweruzidwa kusanachitike zimabwereza zonena kukhoti. Wopanga wake momveka bwino komanso wokhazikika amafotokozera zomwe akunenazo, amafotokoza momwe zinthu zilili. Amabweretsa chidwi cha wophwanyayo kuti akufuna kumuimba mlandu, akufotokoza chifukwa chake lamulolo linaphwanyidwa, ndipo pamapeto pake limasonyeza zofunikira kwa wophwanyayo. Mwachitsanzo, perekani chipukuta misozi, chotsani chithunzi, siyani malonda ndi chinyengo, kufalitsa chochotsa, ndi zina zotero.

Sulani mlandu

Ngati simunalandire yankho lachidziwitso chisanachitike kapena yankho silinagwirizane ndi inu, tengani makalata onse ndi wotsutsa, sonkhanitsani umboni wonse ndikulemba chigamulo kukhoti.

Mawu omwewo ndi nsonga ya madzi oundana. Konzekerani kutsimikizira zochitika zomwe mukuzitchula ngati maziko a zonena zanu. Pamene ndondomekoyi ikupitirira, padzakhala kofunikira kulemba zopempha kuti zitsimikizidwenso umboni, kuunika kwawo, kufufuza, kuphatikizapo umboni wowonjezera, kuitanitsa mboni, kufufuza payekha, ndi zina.

Zitsanzo zakuphwanya malamulo

1. Bungwe loyendetsa maulendo linaganiza zokongoletsa malo awo ndi chithunzi chokongola cha malo. Woyang'anira zinthu zake adawona chithunzi chokongola pamalo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Chojambulacho chinatsitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tsamba lawo. Wolemba chithunzicho patapita kanthawi adawona ntchito yake. Anapemphedwa chilolezo.

2. Kanema wa TV amaulutsa mavidiyo a nyimbo ndi kuika nyimbo monga maziko omvera m’nkhani zake. Omwe ali ndi ma copyright a nyimbozo - zolemba zanyimbo - adazindikira izi. Popeza panalibe mgwirizano pa zaulemu ndi iwo, adasumira. 

3. Katswiri wokonza zomanga nyumba anaika ntchito yake pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kuti makasitomala awone momwe angathere. Chidwi cha polojekiti sichinasonyezedwe ndi makasitomala okha, komanso ndi mpikisano. Tidatenga zojambula, kuziyika patsamba lathu ndikuyambitsa kampeni yotsatsa ndi zithunzi izi. Wolemba za intellectual property adakwiya kwambiri chifukwa chakuba ndipo adasumira mlandu.

4. Wopanga zida za akazi anali wotchuka chifukwa cha ma gloves ake. Sitayiloyo idakopedwa kwathunthu ndi wabizinesi, adayamba kusoka zomwezo ndikuzigulitsa m'sitolo yake. Wopanga mafashoni adakwiya, adagula mayeso, adalamula kuti ayesedwe pazinthu. Adapempha khothi kuti liletse wabizinesiyo kugulitsa magolovesi a kapangidwe kake, komanso kwa wophwanya malamulo - kulipira chipukuta misozi.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Mafunso ayankhidwa ndi CEO wa IPLS online platform  Andrey Bobakov.

Ndi chipukuta misozi chanji chomwe chikuyenera kulipidwa chifukwa chophwanya malamulo?

- The Civil Code ikufotokoza kuti kwa ntchito, wolemba kapena wina yemwe ali ndi copyright ali ndi ufulu wofuna:

- chipukuta misozi mu kuchuluka kwa ma ruble XNUMX mpaka XNUMX miliyoni (zotsimikiziridwa ndi khothi potengera mtundu wa kuphwanya);

- kuwirikiza mtengo wa makope achinyengo a ntchito;

- kuwirikiza mtengo wa ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyo, yotsimikiziridwa malinga ndi mtengo.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati copyright ikuphwanyidwa?

- Ngati chilichonse mwa izi chinachitika popanda chilolezo chanu, mwina pali kuphwanya ufulu wanu.

- Tapeza zithunzi zanu m'magazini, pa intaneti patsamba lazamalonda, zithunzi.

- Pamalo ochezera a pa Intaneti, tidapeza positi yomwe imakopera zolemba kuchokera patsamba lanu.

Wina adayika vidiyo yomwe mudajambula pa YouTube.

- Wopikisana naye patsamba lake akuwonetsa mayankho anu ngati ake.

- Nyimbo yanu idawonekera muvidiyo ndi wolemba wina.

- Munalemba buku, wosindikizayo sanatenge, ndipo posakhalitsa nyumba yosindikizira yomweyi inasindikiza ntchito yokumbukira kwambiri yanu.

- Munali ndi chidziwitso chodziwa, ndipo kampaniyo idagwiritsa ntchito zojambulazo popanda chilolezo chanu, inayamba kupanga ndi kugulitsa malonda.   

Kodi si kuphwanya copyright?

- Nthawi zina, zinthu za copyright zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda chilolezo cha yemwe ali ndi copyright ndipo palibe malipiro omwe amalipidwa. Chitsanzo chosavuta: kutchula mawu anyimbo monga mawu ongobwereza kapena kuyerekeza ntchito ina. Izi sizingaganizidwe ngati kuphwanya lamulo la kukopera. Palinso mndandanda wazinthu zomwe sizili ndi copyright:

- chikalata chovomerezeka cha mabungwe aboma, mwachitsanzo, malamulo, zida zamakhothi;

- zizindikiro za boma - mbendera, malaya, malamulo;

- nthano - zaluso za anthu, mwa kutanthauzira, ndizosadziwika ndipo zilibe wolemba wina;

- mauthenga azidziwitso - ndandanda yamayendedwe, nkhani zamatsiku, chiwongolero cha pulogalamu ya TV;

- malingaliro, mfundo, malingaliro, njira, zothetsera mavuto aukadaulo ndi bungwe;

- zopezedwa ndi zowona;

- zilankhulo zamapulogalamu;

- zambiri za geological za mkati mwa dziko lapansi.

Ndi ndani yemwe mungalumikizane naye ngati mukuphwanya ufulu wawo?

- Lumikizanani ndi loya yemwe amagwira ntchito pamilandu yophwanya nzeru zaukadaulo, konzani chigamulo chisanachitike komanso mlandu. Ngati n'koyenera, perekani lipoti la apolisi.

Magwero a

  1. https://legalacts.ru/kodeks/KOAP-RF/razdel-ii/glava-7/statja-7.12/
  2. http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_10699/b683408102681707f2702cff05f0a3025daab7ab/
  3. https://base.garant.ru/10164072/33baf11fff1f64e732fcb2ef0678c18a/
  4. http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64629/8a1c3f9c97c93f678b28addb9fde4376ed29807b/

Siyani Mumakonda