Dermatoscope

Ndizotheka kukayikira kukhalapo kwa melanoma yowopsa ndi zizindikiro zingapo: malire, osafanana komanso kukula kwa mole, mtundu wachilendo, m'mimba mwake kuposa 6 mm. Koma m'magawo oyambilira, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa matendawa ndi zizindikiro zowoneka, chifukwa melanoma yoyambirira imatha kufanana ndi zizindikiro za atypical nevus. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa dermatoscopy muzachipatala kunatsegula mwayi watsopano kwa madokotala kuti aphunzire mawanga a pigment pakhungu ndikupangitsa kuti athe kuzindikira matenda a melanoma adakali aang'ono.

Chifukwa chiyani dermatoscopy ikufunika?

Dermoscopy ndi sanali invasive (popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida opaleshoni) njira kufufuza mtundu ndi microstructure osiyana khungu zigawo (epidermis, dermo-epidermal mphambano, papillary dermis).

Ndi chithandizo chake, kulondola kwadzidzidzi koyambirira kwa melanoma kwafika 90%. Ndipo iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwa tonsefe, chifukwa khansa yapakhungu ndi khansa yofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Zimakhala zofala kwambiri kuposa khansa ya m'mapapo, m'mawere kapena ya prostate, ndipo pazaka makumi atatu zapitazi, chiwerengero cha matendawa chawonjezeka kwambiri.

Kuopsa kwa khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi yakuti mukhoza kuitenga mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu kapena khungu. Pali malingaliro olakwika akuti melanoma imapezeka m'maiko otentha okha. Iwo, komanso okonda ma solariums, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi khungu loyera, ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matendawa. Koma palibe amene amatetezedwa ku khansa yapakhungu, chifukwa chimodzi mwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi ultraviolet, ndipo onse okhala padziko lapansi amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa.

Aliyense ali ndi timadontho ting'onoting'ono ndi zizindikiro zobadwa, koma nthawi zina amabadwanso ndikukhala chiwopsezo chenicheni pa moyo wa munthu. Kuneneratu za chitukuko cha matenda mwachindunji zimadalira nthawi yake ya matenda. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi m'pofunika kuchitidwa dermatoscopy - kufufuza kopanda ululu pogwiritsa ntchito dermatoscope.

Kuphunzira kwa madera okayikitsa a khungu, monga lamulo, kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma microscope. M'mawu ena, khungu translucent ndi chipangizo chapadera ndi galasi maginito, amene amalola dokotala kufufuza kusintha osati pamwamba pa epidermis, komanso m`madera akuya. Pogwiritsa ntchito dermatoscope yamakono, mutha kuwona kusintha kwamapangidwe kuchokera ku ma microns 0,2 kukula kwake (poyerekeza: fumbi laling'ono ndi pafupifupi 1 micron).

Kodi dermatoscope ndi chiyani

Dzina la chipangizochi lomasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigiriki limatanthauza “kufufuza khungu.” Dermatoscope ndi chipangizo cha dermatological chowunika zigawo zosiyanasiyana za khungu. Amakhala ndi galasi lokulitsa la 10-20x, mbale yowonekera, gwero lowala lopanda polarized ndi sing'anga yamadzimadzi mu mawonekedwe a gel wosanjikiza. Dermatoscope idapangidwa kuti iwone ma moles, zizindikiro zobadwa, njerewere, papillomas ndi mapangidwe ena pakhungu. Masiku ano, chipangizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuwonongeka kwa khungu koyipa komanso koyipa popanda biopsy. Koma kulondola kwa matenda ntchito dermatoscopy, monga kale, zimadalira Luso la dokotala amene kuti matenda.

Kugwiritsa ntchito dermatoscope

Njira yodziwika bwino komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi ya dermatoscope ndikuzindikirika kosiyana kwa ma neoplasms akhungu. Panthawiyi, chipangizochi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, kudziwa basalioma, cylindroma, angioma, squamous cell carcinoma, dermatofibroma, seborrheic keratosis ndi neoplasms ena.

Chipangizo chomwecho ndi chothandiza pozindikira:

• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a pakhungu osagwirizana ndi oncology (eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis, lichen planus, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus);
• matenda parasitic (pediculosis, demodicosis, mphere);
• matenda a pakhungu a ma virus (warts, warts, papillomas);
• chikhalidwe cha tsitsi ndi misomali.

Kufunika kwa dermatoscope sikungatheke kwambiri pamene kuli kofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa matenda omwe akhudza khungu pansi pa tsitsi. Mwachitsanzo, imathandizira kuzindikira kwa congenital non-chotupa nevus, alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia mwa amayi, Netherton's syndrome.

Akatswiri a trichologists amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi pofufuza momwe tsitsi limapangidwira.

Dermoscopy zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri pa matenda a rectable mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu. Mwachitsanzo, ndi lentigo yoopsa, basalioma yapamwamba, kapena matenda a Bowen, mizere ya madera owonongeka a khungu ndi osafanana komanso osawoneka bwino. The dermatoscope magnifier amathandiza kudziwa molondola ndandanda ya khansa pamwamba, ndiyeno kuchita opareshoni pa malo chofunika.

Kuzindikira ndi kutsimikiza kwa momwe mungachitire ndi njerewere zimadaliranso dermatoscope. Chipangizocho chimalola dokotala kuti adziwe mwamsanga komanso molondola momwe kukula kwake kumakhalira ndikusiyanitsa, kuti adziwonetsere kuopsa kwa nkhondo yatsopano. Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi ma dermatoscopes amakono a digito, zithunzi za malo opezeka zitha kupezeka ndikusungidwa, zomwe ndizothandiza kwambiri pakutsata zomwe zimachitika pakhungu.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Pamsika wa zida zamankhwala, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dermatoscopes kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, koma mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yofanana kwa aliyense. Dermatoscopes nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mutu wokhazikika womwe uli ndi lens imodzi kapena zingapo zokulitsa khungu. Pali gwero lowala mkati kapena kuzungulira mutu.

Mu zitsanzo zamakono, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mphete za LED zomwe zimaunikira mofanana malo oyesedwa. Ngati iyi ndi dermatoscope yamanja, ndiye chogwirira chokhala ndi mabatire mkati nthawi zonse chimachokera kumutu.

Kuti ayang'ane mtundu wa pigmentation, dokotala amapaka mutu wa dermatoscope pamalo akhungu ndikuyang'ana mu lens mbali ina (kapena kuyang'ana chithunzicho pa polojekiti). Mu kumizidwa dermatoscopes, nthawi zonse pamakhala wosanjikiza madzi (mafuta kapena mowa) pakati pa mandala ndi khungu. Zimalepheretsa kuwala ndi kuwala, kumapangitsa kuwonekera ndi kumveka kwa chithunzicho mu dermatoscope.

Mitundu ya dermatoscopes

Dermatoscopy ili kutali ndi njira yatsopano yamankhwala. N’zoona kuti kale, akatswiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zakale kwambiri pofufuza mmene khungu lilili kuposa masiku ano.

"Kholo" wa dermatoscope yamakono ndi galasi lokulitsa lamphamvu lochepa. M’zaka zotsatira, zida zapadera zokhala ngati maikulosikopu zinapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa. Iwo anapereka angapo kuwonjezeka chikhalidwe cha zigawo za khungu. Masiku ano, ma dermatoscopes amakulolani kuti muwone mapangidwe omwe alipo pakukula kwa 10x kapena kupitilira apo. Mitundu yamakono imakhala ndi ma lens achromatic ndi njira yowunikira ya LED.

Dermatoscopes akhoza m'gulu malinga ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana: ndi kukula, mfundo ntchito, kufunika ntchito kumiza madzi.

Chipangizo cha digito, kapena chamagetsi, ndi chitsanzo chamakono chokhala ndi chinsalu chomwe chimasonyeza chithunzi cha khungu. Zida zotere zimapereka chithunzi cholondola kwambiri, chomwe chili chofunikira pakuzindikiritsa matenda.

Ndi kupangidwa kwa ma dermatoscopes apakompyuta, zidakhala zotheka kuchita zowunikira za digito, kujambula ndikujambulitsa madera akhungu omwe amawunikidwa m'mafayilo amakanema kuti asungidwenso zambiri m'nkhokwe komanso kuphunzira mozama.

Zomwe zimapezedwa ndi njira yowunikirayi zitha kufufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera. Kompyuta, "kuwunika" chithunzi chomwe chawonetsedwa, chimangodziwikiratu momwe ma pathological asintha m'maselo akhungu. Pulogalamuyi imatulutsa "mapeto" ake mu mawonekedwe a chizindikiro pamlingo, kuwonetsa ngozi (yoyera, yachikasu, yofiira).

Malinga ndi miyeso, dermatoscopes akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: stationary ndi thumba. Zida zamtundu woyamba ndizochititsa chidwi kukula komanso zokwera mtengo, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi zipatala zapadera. Ma dermatoscopes amtundu wamanja ndi zida zomwe akatswiri akhungu ndi cosmetologists amagwiritsa ntchito pochita.

Malinga ndi mfundo ya magwiridwe antchito, dermatoscopes ndi kumizidwa ndi polarization. Njira yoyamba ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachikhalidwe kukhudzana ndi kumiza dermatoscopy. Chodabwitsa chake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omiza panthawi ya diagnostics.

Zida zopangira polarizing zimagwiritsa ntchito zowunikira zokhala ndi mafunde amagetsi a unidirectional ndi zosefera zapadera. Izi zimathetsa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito madzi omiza.

Panthawi yofufuza mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo choterocho, kusintha kwakuya kwa khungu kumawonekera bwino. Kuonjezera apo, ndemanga za akatswiri zimasonyeza kuti dermatoscopes yotereyi imapereka chithunzi chomveka bwino ndipo, chifukwa chake, zimakhala zosavuta kupanga matenda olondola.

Ndemanga Yachidule ya Dermatoscopes Yabwino Kwambiri

Heine mini 3000 ndi dermatoscope yaing'ono ya mthumba. Itha kugwira ntchito kwa maola 10 osasintha mabatire. Gwero la zowunikira ndi ma LED.

Mbali ya chipangizo cham'manja cha Heine Delta 20 ndikuti imatha kugwira ntchito ndi madzi omiza komanso osamiza (malinga ndi mfundo ya polarizing dermatoscope). Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi bolodi yolumikizana yomwe imakulolani kuti mulumikizane ndi kamera. Lens ili ndi kukula kwa 10x.

KaWePiccolightD pocket dermatoscope yopangidwa ku Germany ndi yopepuka, yaying'ono, komanso ergonomic. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dermatologists ndi cosmetologists kuti adziwe matenda a melanoma.

KaWe Eurolight D30 imasiyanitsidwa ndi magalasi akuluakulu olumikizirana (5 mm m'mimba mwake), magalasi amapereka kukula kwa 10x. Kuwala kopangidwa ndi nyali ya halogen kumatha kusinthidwa. Ubwino wina wa chipangizo ichi ndi sikelo yomwe imakulolani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ngozi ya pigmentation pakhungu.

Mtundu wa mtundu wa Aramosg ndiwokwera mtengo kwambiri, komanso umafunidwa pamsika ndi akatswiri akhungu, cosmetologists ndi trichologists. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zachikhalidwe, chipangizochi chimatha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chapakhungu, chimakhala ndi magalasi apadera kuti adziwe kuya kwa makwinya ndi nyali yopangidwa ndi ultraviolet kuti aphedwe. Iyi ndi dermatoscope yamtundu wa stationary yomwe imatha kulumikizana ndi kompyuta kapena skrini. The backlight mu chipangizo kusintha basi.

Chipangizo cha Ri-derma ndichotsika mtengo kuposa chitsanzo cham'mbuyomu potengera mtengo wake, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Iyi ndi dermatoscope yamtundu wapamanja yokhala ndi magalasi okulirapo a 10x ndi kuwunikira kwa halogen. Imatha kugwira ntchito ndi mabatire kapena mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwanso.

Zosankha zina zodziwika bwino za dermatoscope ndi DermLite Carbon ndi DermLite DL1 yaying'ono yomwe imatha kulumikizidwa ndi iPhone.

Kuyeza ndi dermatoscope ndi njira yopanda ululu, yachangu, yothandiza komanso yotsika mtengo yosiyanitsa zizindikiro za kubadwa wamba ndi timadontho ting'onoting'ono kuchokera ku ma neoplasms oyipa. Chachikulu ndikuti musachedwe kupita kwa dermatologist ngati pali mtundu wokayikitsa pakhungu.