Kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumaphatikizapo zochitika zonse zapakhungu chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala. Amawerengera pafupifupi theka la zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumachitika, nthawi zina matupi awo sagwirizana, chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala. Izi zimayambitsa zotupa pakhungu, kapena dermatoses.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji chizindikirocho?

Kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumawoneka mosiyana mwa munthu aliyense. Zotsatira zake zazikulu ndi:

• Ming'oma
• Kuyabwa
• Eczema
• Photosensitivity
• Angioedema ndi anaphylactic shock 
• Alopecia
• psoriasis
• Zikodzo
• Rash
• Kuwonekera kwa matuza
• Pumbwa
• ndere
• malungo
• Ndi zina ...

Zowopsa

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amayambitsa kuphulika kwa mankhwala mu 1 mpaka 3% ya odwala. Zoposa 90% za kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumakhala koopsa. Mafupipafupi amitundu yoopsa (imfa, sequelae yayikulu) ndi 2%.

Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro pakati pa odwala, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira kuphulika kwa mankhwala. Matendawa amatengera kuti mawonekedwe a dermatoses amagwirizana ndi kumwa mankhwala. Kuzimiririka kwa zizindikiro pamene mankhwala anasiya ndi zisadzachitikenso pambuyo kumwa mankhwala kachiwiri zimatsimikizira kuphulika kwa mankhwala.

Kuphulika kwa mankhwala nthawi zonse kumabwera chifukwa chomwa mankhwala, kaya ndi khungu, kuyamwa, kupuma kapena jekeseni.

Kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumakhala kosayembekezereka ndipo kumachitika ndi mlingo wamba wochiritsira. Ndipo mankhwala ambiri angayambitse izi.

Komabe, mankhwala ena a pharmacological amatha kuyambitsa kuphulika kwa mankhwala:

• Maantibayotiki
• Paracetamol
• ndi aspirin
• Mankhwala oletsa ululu
• Sulfonamides
• D-penicillamine
• Seramu
• Mabomba
• Mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini (makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu radiology)
• Quinine
• Mchere wagolide
• Griseofulvin
• Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Nthawi zambiri kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumakhala koopsa, koma zimachitika kuti zovuta zimayika zomwe wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa:

• Angioedema ndi anaphylactic shock
• Kuphulika kwa mankhwala a pustular: Ichi ndi chiphuphu chadzidzidzi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimaganiziridwa kuti ndi matenda aakulu. Nthawi zambiri amayamba masiku 1 mpaka 4 pambuyo pa kuperekedwa kwa mankhwalawa (nthawi zambiri maantibayotiki), ndi malungo ndi erythema ya pepala.
• Mankhwala a hypersensitivity syndrome: Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuopsa kwa zidzolo, kuyabwa kwakukulu ndi kutentha thupi.
• Stevens-Johnson ndi Lyell Syndromes: Awa ndi mitundu yowopsa kwambiri ya kuphulika kwa mankhwala. Zochita zimayamba pafupifupi masiku khumi chiyambireni mankhwala. Zing'onozing'ono za epidermis zimachoka pakapanikizika pang'ono. Chiwopsezo cha kufa ndi chachikulu (20 mpaka 25%). Koma akachira, re-epidermization imachitika mwachangu (masiku 10 mpaka 30) ndikutsata pafupipafupi: kusokonezeka kwa mtundu ndi zipsera.

Kumbali inayi, odwala ena atha kukhala ndi zovuta zosagwirizana ndi cutaneous:

• Matenda a m'mimba monga nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba
• Zovuta kupweteka
• mphumu
• Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito yotaya zinyalala ya impso

Kuyimitsa mankhwala pa malangizo achipatala ndi chithandizo chachikulu. 

Ndizotheka kuchiza zizindikiro za kuphulika kwa mankhwala mpaka mankhwalawa atachotsedwa kwathunthu. Choncho moisturizers amatha kuchepetsa kuyabwa ndipo antihistamines amatha kuchepetsa kuyabwa. 

Pazovuta kwambiri kugonekedwa m'chipatala ndikofunikira. 

Mwapadera, kafukufuku wokwanira atha kuperekedwa, pamene mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri kwa wodwala akuganiziridwa. Mayeso owonjezera amatha kudziwa kuti ndi molekyulu iti yomwe imayambitsa kuphulika kwa mankhwala. 

Kubwezeretsanso mankhwala atsopano kuyenera kuchitika kuchipatala kuti pakhale kuphulika kwatsopano kwa mankhwala.