Kuchepetsa mluza, ndi chiyani?

Mavuto a mimba katatu makamaka anayi kapena kuposerapo amapezeka kawirikawiri, ponse paŵiri pakati pa mayi ndi mwana. Mbali yachipatala si nkhawa yokhayo. Mimba ingapo imayambitsanso kusokonekera m'banja, zomwe sizimakonzekera m'maganizo, m'magulu kapena pazachuma, kulandira ana atatu, anayi kapena ... asanu ndi mmodzi nthawi imodzi. Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa, pali njira yothetsera vutoli, kuchepetsa embryonic. Njira yachipatala imeneyi cholinga chake ndi kulola kuti ana osapitirira awiri abereke mu chiberekero pochotsa mazira ochuluka.

Kuchepetsa mluza: ndani akukhudzidwa?

Kukula kwa ma ART kwapangitsa kuti amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi pakati achuluke. Koma kuyembekezera ana atatu kapena anayi nthawi imodzi sikuli koopsa kwa mayi ndi ana obadwa kumene. Kuchepetsa kwa embryonic ndiye kungaperekedwe kwa makolo.

Palibe lamulo lomwe limayang'anira kuchepetsa mluza. Zifukwa zake ndizosiyana ndi za "kuchotsa mimba" mwaufulu, koma zimachitika mkati mwa nthawi yofanana ndi yomwe imaloledwa ndi lamulo lochotsa mimba. Choncho, sikutanthauza ndondomeko yeniyeni. Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira kale, banjali limalandira zambiri za njirayo ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yosinkhasinkha asanapereke chilolezo chawo cholembedwa. THEkuchepetsa kumaperekedwa kwa makolo, koma nthawi zina kumafunsidwa ndi maanja omwe ali kale makolo omwe sakumva okonzeka, mwachitsanzo, kutenga mimba katatu. Komabe, si onse omwe ali ndi pakati (> 3) amachepetsedwa chifukwa chiwerengero china cha makolo (pafupifupi 50%) amakonda kuwalola kuti apite patsogolo mwachisawawa.

Mimba yokhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mluza

Kupatulapo vuto lalikulu lachipatala mwa amayi, mimba zamapasa sizimakhudzidwa mwa kuchepetsa embryonic. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa makamaka pamene mimba ili ndi miluza yoposa itatu. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zamayi zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamimba izi, ndizofunika kwambiri chiopsezo cha msinkhu kwambiri zomwe zimatsogolera pachigamulo. Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati katatu, vutoli limakhala losamvetsetseka chifukwa kupita patsogolo kwachipatala kwathandizira kwambiri kuzindikira kwa ana atatu obadwa msanga. Pankhaniyi, ndi mikangano yambiri ya m'banja ndi yamaganizo yomwe imatsimikizira chizindikiro cha manja.

Kuchepetsa mluza, mawonekedwe osowa

Kuchepetsa mluza ndi njira yachipatala yomwe imakhalabe yosowa ku France komanso yomwe ikucheperachepera kwa zaka khumi, chifukwa cha njira zomwe mabungwe opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amachitira (PMA). Chiwerengero cha mazira omwe amasamutsidwa pambuyo pa umuna wa m'mimba tsopano ndi awiri, zomwe zimachepetsera mimba yochuluka kuposa itatu. Momwemonso, pambuyo kukondoweza kwa ovulation, kuyesedwa kwa mahomoni ndi ma ultrasound omwe amachitidwa nthawi zonse amalepheretsa kuoneka kwa ma follicle ambiri. Tsoka ilo, nthawi ndi nthawi, chilengedwe chimayamba, ndipo miluza itatu kapena inayi imakula, kuyika makolo ndi gulu la obereketsa patsogolo pa chisankho chovuta.

Kuchepetsa mluza muzochita

Kodi timagwiritsa ntchito njira yanji?

Maganizo ofala kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mazira awiri. Malingana ndi msinkhu wa mimba, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zonse motsogoleredwa ndi ultrasound. Chofala kwambiri ndikudutsa njira ya m'mimba ya amayi (monga ngati amniocentesis) pafupifupi masabata 11 a amenorrhea (AS). Singano imalowetsedwa pachifuwa cha mluza umodzi (kapena kuposerapo) kenako mankhwala amabayidwa kaye kuti mwanayo agone, kenako kuyimitsa ntchito ya mtima.. Dziwani kuti mazirawo samva ululu chifukwa mtima umasiya kugunda pakangopita masekondi angapo. Miluzayo samasankhidwa mwachisawawa koma pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Zosowa, monga kukhalapo kwa kusapangana bwino kapena kukayikira za chromosomal anomaly, zimalola kusankha koyamba. Dokotala ndiye amayang'ana mosamalitsa kuchuluka kwa ma placenta ndi matumba amadzi. Pomaliza, “amasankha” mazirawo molingana ndi kupezeka kwawo komanso malo awo mogwirizana ndi khomo lachiberekero. Njira yachiwiri, yosagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, imadutsa njira yodutsa m'mimba ndipo imachitika pafupifupi masabata asanu ndi atatu.

Kuchepetsa mluza: momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito

Osakhalitsa m'chipatala, popeza kuchepetsa kumachitika m'chipatala cha tsiku. Simukuyenera kusala kudya chifukwa palibe anesthesia yofunikira. Dziwani kuti singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yabwino kwambiri ndipo mumangomva kuluma kochepa kwambiri, kosasangalatsa kuposa udzudzu. Njira yeniyeni nthawi zonse imatsogoleredwa ndi ultrasound yozama yomwe imalola malo a mazira. Nthawi yochitapo kanthu imasinthasintha. Zimatengera luso la zinthu (nambala, malo a mazira, ndi zina zotero), pa wodwalayo (morphology, kumverera, ndi zina zotero) ndi zochitika za woyendetsa. Pofuna kupewa matenda, mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi ofunikira. Panthawiyi, chiberekero chimapumula ndi antispasmodics. Manja akamaliza, wodwalayo amakhalabe maso kwa ola limodzi asanabwerere kunyumba. Maola makumi awiri ndi anayi pambuyo pake, ultrasound yotsatila ikuchitika kuti ayang'ane mphamvu za mapasa osungidwa komanso kusowa kwa ntchito ya mtima mu mazira ochepetsedwa.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kuchepetsa mluza?

Vuto lalikulu la kuchepetsa embryonic ndi kupititsa padera modzidzimutsa (pafupifupi 4% ya milandu ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri). Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika pambuyo pa matenda mu placenta (chorioamnionitis) pakapita nthawi pambuyo pochita. Mwamwayi kwa amayi ambiri oyembekezera, mimba imapitirirabe bwino. Komabe, ziŵerengero zimasonyeza zimenezo mimba isanakwane ndi yaikulu kuposa mimba yomwe ili m'modzi kapena amapasa, ndichifukwa chake amayi amafunikira kupumula kwambiri ndipo amaimitsidwa nthawi yonse ya mimba.