Zitsanzo ndi zithunzi za mitundu ya denga ndi magulu awo

Chinthu chomaliza pamakonzedwe a nyumba ya dziko ndi denga. Osati kokha maonekedwe a nyumba, komanso chitonthozo chokhalamo zimadalira zomwe zidzakhala. Nyumba yaumwini imakhala chizindikiro cha mwiniwake, imalankhula za zokonda zake, zomwe amakonda, udindo wake, zachuma. Ndipo akuyamba ulaliki wake ali padenga. Chifukwa chake, tikhala pamitundu ya madenga ndikuganizira mawonekedwe awo, momwe amasiyanirana komanso momwe mungasankhire bwino nyumba yanu.

Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa denga, ndi bwino kukumbukira ntchito zake zazikulu:

• kuonetsetsa mphamvu ndi kudalirika kwa nyumbayo;
• chitetezo ku: mvula (mvula, chipale chofewa), mphepo, cheza cha ultraviolet, kusintha kwa kutentha, zinthu zovulaza (mipweya yotulutsa mpweya, etc.);
• kutentha mkati;
• zokongoletsa, zimathandizira kusintha mawonekedwe a nyumbayo.

Denga limakutidwa ndi denga, lomwe mwini nyumbayo amasankha kuchokera ku madenga osiyanasiyana omwe msika wamakono wamakono umapereka. Zimakhala zofewa kapena zolimba.

Pamtundu uliwonse wa denga, zinthu zoyenera zimasankhidwa. Sizingakhale slate yokha, yomwe imatha kutaya maonekedwe ake chifukwa cha fragility, komanso Ondulin Smart kapena Ondulin Matayala, oyenera madenga osiyanasiyana. Kapena Onduvilla, yomwe imatsindika bwino za chiyambi chazowonongeka ndi zovuta. Kugulidwa kwa zida zofolerera zomwe zalembedwa kudzera mwa woimira boma, m'sitolo, kudzakupulumutsani kuzinthu zotsika mtengo popanda zitsimikizo.

Zosankha za denga

Madenga onse amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:

1. Lathyathyathya. Ndi malo otsetsereka a 3-15 °, omwe siwokwanira kuti chipale chofewa chichoke. Ku Russia, sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pomanga payekha, chifukwa m'madera ambiri matalala amakhala padenga kwa miyezi ingapo.

2. kuponya. Kutsetsereka kwa pamwamba ndi kuposa 10-15 °. Ndi yabwino kuchotsa mpweya padenga, kumawonjezera kukana mphepo. Maonekedwe a denga lotsekedwa amapangidwa ndi truss dongosolo kapena truss. Chophimba chaching'ono kapena cholimba chimayikidwa pazitsulo, zomwe zimakhala maziko a denga, komanso zimaperekanso kukhazikika kwake. Denga lotchingidwa ndilofala kwambiri m'nyumba za anthu.

Pali zinanso zofunika kugawa madenga:

1. Malingana ndi njira yopangira zomangamanga ndi yomanga: iwo amagawidwa kukhala attic ndi osakhala attic. Denga la attic ndi losavuta kumanga ndikulola kukonzanso popanda kusintha denga lonse lakale. Zopanda denga, mwinamwake mansard, madenga amapatsa nyumbayo chiyambi, koma amachepetsa gawo lamkati la chipinda chapamwamba. Kuonjezera apo, luso lamakono ndi ntchito yomangayi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kukhudzidwa ndi katswiri, wodziwa zomanga denga, womangamanga.

2. Ndi mtengo wa malo otsetsereka a denga.

3. Malinga ndi zinthu zopangidwa.

Makhalidwe a kamangidwe kameneka ndi:

• kuchotsa kosavuta kwa mvula kuchokera padenga;
• Kutentha kwapamwamba kwa nyumbayo;
• kukana kwakukulu kwa katundu wa mphepo ndi matalala;
• kuthekera kokonzekera chipinda chowonjezera chothandiza. Ichi chikhoza kukhala chapamwamba kapena chapamwamba, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo owonjezera okhalamo kapena chipinda chothandizira.

Kumanga denga

Mapangidwe a denga (denga) ndilo maziko a denga lililonse. Ndi iye amene amagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira pa chitumbuwa chonse cha denga.

Popanga chimango, ndikofunikira kuganizira zofunikira zonse zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsa:

• structural rigidity - chinsinsi cha kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa denga;
• kulemera kocheperako kotheka (ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa coniferous, osati wotsika kuposa kalasi 1) - idzachepetsa zotsatira za maziko a nyumba.

Malingana ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga, mafelemu ndi awa:

• wosanjikiza: matabwa pamtunda wina pansi amakhala pa Mauerlats, pamwamba pazitsulo;
• kupachikidwa: kutengera Mauerlats pazithunzi za makoma onyamula katundu;
• kulima (mafamu).

Denga lotsetsereka

Iwo, monga mawonekedwe a otsetsereka, amasankhidwa malinga ndi zinthu zitatu:

• mlingo wa mvula m'derali: kutsetsereka kwakukulu kwa denga la denga kumapangitsa kuti mvula yambiri itsike;
• zakuthupi;
• njira yothetsera: denga silimangogwira ntchito zina, komanso limagwira ntchito yokongoletsera ndi yokongola kunja kwa nyumbayo.

Njira yowerengera parameter yotsetsereka padenga:

• chizindikiro mulingo woyenera ndi 20-45 °;
• 45-60 ° ndi yoyenera madera okhala ndi nyengo yachisanu, kuchepetsa glaciation ndikulola kuti chipale chofewa chigwe bwino kuchokera padenga la nyumba yapayekha;
• 9-20 ° ndizofanana ndi malo okhala ndi mphepo yamkuntho, momwemo amachepetsa mphepo;
• 5-10 ° idzakhala njira yabwino yotulukira kumadera akumwera, denga limatentha pang'ono.

Denga lathyathyathya

Kawirikawiri, denga lathyathyathya lamitundu yambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera okhala ndi mvula yochepa, ndipo ntchito imakhalanso yofala pophimba nyumba za mafakitale ndi nyumba zapamwamba. Komabe, zamakono, zamakono ndi minimalism zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri posachedwapa, zomwe zimapereka moyo wachiwiri ku mtundu wa denga lathyathyathya.

Mapangidwe enieni

Pali mitundu ingapo ya madenga athyathyathya:

• Denga loyendetsedwa: limakhala maziko omanga mabwalo amasewera, masitepe, gazebos, udzu, ndi zina zotero;
• Denga losagwiritsidwa ntchito: limagwira ntchito yotetezera yokha, yosayenerera kusuntha anthu angapo, ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku bolodi lamalata ndi kudzaza m'mphepete mwa mapepala ndi sealant;
• Padenga lopindika: chosanjikiza chotchingira kutentha, kusungunula kumayikidwa pamwamba, ndipo chotchinga cha nthunzi ndi kutsekereza madzi (osati kumangirira, koma nembanemba zosapanga madzi) zimabisika pansi pake, mwachindunji pa konkriti - kuyika uku kumakupatsani mwayi wotalikitsa moyo. wa zokutira ndi denga, kupewa kutayikira.

Mtengo wotsetsereka

Kutsetsereka kwa madenga athyathyathya kumafikira 3 °.

Makhalidwe oyika padenga

Poika denga lathyathyathya, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana osachepera otsetsereka - pakutsika kwamadzi ndi mvula. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti mupange ndikukhazikitsa koyenera kwa kudzazidwa kwa slag kapena dongo lokulitsa, osati kungopaka. Kuti muteteze denga kumadzi, mutha kuyipangitsa kuti ikhale yopumira - ikani dongo lokulitsa kapena zinthu zina zopanda hygroscopic mu aerators (imodzi pa 50 m.² madenga). Denga lathyathyathya likhoza kupangidwa "lobiriwira" - kubzala udzu kapena ngakhale munda.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ngakhale kuti ndizosowa ntchito, madenga athyathyathya ali ndi ubwino wake:

• limakupatsani mwayi wokonza nsanja yosangalatsa, kugwiritsa ntchito ngati bwalo;
• n'zotheka kuika wowonjezera kutentha, munda wachisanu;
• mutha kukhazikitsa jenereta yamphepo kapena zida zina zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa chitonthozo ndi phindu lachuma kwa omwe akukhala mnyumbamo;
• dera laling'ono limakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa pazida zofolera;
• amapereka unsembe mosavuta ndi kukonza;
• ali bwino.

Zoyipa zamtundu wa denga lathyathyathya zimatengera kutchuka kwake:

• nyumbayo mu mawonekedwe a rectangle wokhazikika sichimafotokozera mwamamangidwe, mosiyana ndi momwe zimapangidwira;
• pali zofunikira zowonjezera padenga la madzi;
• denga limafuna kulimbitsa m'madera okhala ndi chipale chofewa;
• denga limadziunjikira mvula;
• mawerengedwe olondola a zotsatira pa makoma pa unsembe ndi zofunika, apo ayi kapangidwe si kupirira, ndi olumala.

Kuwombera

Denga lokhetsedwa ndi ndege yooneka ngati makona anayi, yomwe imayikidwa pamakona ndikukhazikika pamakoma onyamula katundu akutali. Kusiyana kwa kutalika ndi kutalika kwa span kumapanga otsetsereka kwa ndege. Mapangidwe a denga akhoza kukhala ovuta, ndi njira yophatikizira yozungulira, kupanga njira zothetsera mapangidwe oyambirira. Imakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito mopindulitsa gawo la chipinda chachiwiri.

Zimasiyana pakalibe chigwa, zigwa. Katundu wa chipale chofewa ndi kukhudzana ndi dzuwa ultraviolet kumachitika mofanana, zomwe zimatalikitsa moyo wa denga, kuti likhale lolimba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito bajeti.

Denga lanyumba ndi:

• mpweya wabwino;
• osalowetsa mpweya: safuna zinthu zapadera zopangira mpweya wabwino.

Mfundo zopangira denga

Mapangidwewo ndi osavuta, kumangako kumakhala kofulumira komanso kotsika mtengo. Ndikofunikira kuganizira ma nuances awa:

• vuto la kupereka kutsekemera kwapamwamba kwambiri;
• mpweya wabwino umafunika.

Mtengo wotsetsereka

Gawoli limatsimikiziridwa mumitundu ya 10-60 °, 30-35 ° imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino. Chizindikirochi chimalamula kusankha kwa zida zofolerera zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyanjana kwa matalala. Ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zilizonse, matailosi achitsulo, denga la msoko lopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena zina.

Zosankha za Rafter system

Chitsamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mitundu itatu:

• kutsetsereka;
• wosanjikiza;
• atapachikidwa

Zokwera Zokwera

Denga limayikidwa pa Mauerlat. Ngati chimango chopachikidwa chakwera, ndikofunikira kupanga truss padera pansi, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kumanga denga. Mufunika kusungunula kwapamwamba komanso koganiziridwa bwino, komwe kumayikidwa pansi pa zokutira zoteteza.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga lokhazikika:

• mtengo wotsika;
• ndizotheka kumaliza pansi panyumba yapayekha popanda kugwetsa zovuta;
• pafupifupi zipangizo zonse denga ndi zoyenera;
• malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri;
• khonde likhoza kukwera, mazenera akuluakulu a panoramic;
• mosavuta kukhazikitsa ma chimney;
• kuwerengera kosavuta ndi ntchito yoyika;
• Kulemera kwapang'onopang'ono, kotero, kumakhudza pang'ono pa maziko ndi makoma a nyumbayo.

Pakati pa kuipa kwa mtundu uwu wa denga, ndi bwino kutchula maonekedwe ake osakongola komanso kufunikira koyeretsa nthawi zonse ndi kuyeretsa, zomwe sizothandiza kwambiri. Ngakhale okonza adzathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli, mwachitsanzo, polumikiza otsetsereka amitundu yambiri kapena kusankha matailosi oti aphimbe. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mukufuna kumanga nyumba yosakhalamo: bathhouse, nkhokwe, garaja.

Denga la gable (gable).

Denga la gable, mwinamwake gable kapena gable, lili ndi malo otsetsereka awiri olumikizidwa ndi m'mphepete - phirilo. Mtundu wothandiza kwambiri komanso wodziwika bwino m'nyumba zapagulu ku Russia. Pomanga mtundu uwu, kugwiritsa ntchito ma gables ndikofanana - mbali za mbali za makoma mwa mawonekedwe a katatu. Chokwera kwambiri chimatchedwa tong.

Pali mitundu iyi ya madenga a gable:

• symmetrical;
• asymmetrical;
• wosweka;
• multilevel.

Mfundo zopangira denga

Popanga denga la gable, m'pofunika kuwerengera molondola momwe denga limakhudzira padenga ndi malo otsetsereka, omwe ayenera kuganizira zomwe zasankhidwa. Ntchitoyi yokha ndi yophweka ndipo idzapanga denga lodalirika komanso lokhazikika ndi deta yotsimikiziridwa.

Ngodya yotsetsereka

Mtengo wa chizindikiro ichi umakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mvula komanso mphamvu ya mphepo yamkuntho. Mtengo wa malo otsetsereka umatsimikizira chizindikiro cha katundu wa denga. Pali imodzi ya denga lililonse.

Zosankha za Rafter system

Gable frame imagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamapangidwe omwe angathe:

• wosanjikiza;
• atapachikidwa
• kuphatikiza.

Posankha, kutalika pakati pa makoma kuchokera kunja kumaganiziridwa. Zomangamanga - Mauerlat, ridge, puffs ndi ena. Ntchito yawo ndi kugawa katundu, kukonza kapena kulimbikitsa magawo payekha. Nthawi zina, ndizotheka kukonzekeretsa ndi zitsulo chimango rafters.

Makhalidwe oyika padenga

Kuyika kumaphatikizapo kuyika matabwa, kuyika mipiringidzo ndi kuyala denga.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga la gable ndi:

• kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito chapamwamba cha nyumba yaumwini;
• kuonetsetsa kuti kuchotsedwa bwino kwa matalala ndi madzi;
• kuyika kosavuta komanso kofulumira, kukonza kosavuta;
• luso lopanga ma projekiti osiyanasiyana;
• mitundu yambiri ya zipangizo zoyenera zopangira denga, zowonongeka pang'ono panthawi ya kuika;
• mtengo wotsika.

Kuipa kwa mapangidwe:

• pakumanga, zipangizo zambiri zofolera zimafunika;
• kutalika kwa denga kumadalira kutalika;
• kwa chapamwamba chofunda, kulimbitsa kowonjezera kwa chimango, kukonza mazenera, kutsekereza, kutentha kumafunika.

Denga lamtunduwu ndiloyenera nyumba zapamtunda zotsika, nyumba zazing'ono: nyumba yaikulu, malo akuluakulu a denga, motero ndalama ndi zovuta pakuyika ndi kukonza.

Denga la mchiuno

Denga la m'chiuno lili ndi malo otsetsereka anayi, omwe awiri amamangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a trapezoid, ndi awiri mu mawonekedwe a katatu (chiuno). Nthawi zambiri amapendekeka pa ngodya imodzi ndikupatsa nyumba kukongola ndi mgwirizano. Pamwamba pa denga pali mawindo a dormer. Masamba okhala ndi ngalande salola kuti madzi amvula atsike pamakoma, kuwateteza kuti asanyowe.

Pali masinthidwe amtundu uwu:

• theka la chiuno;
• hema.

Denga la m'chiuno

Amasiyana m'makona a bevelled ndi mapeto truncated makona atatu. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomangamanga zachigawo. Imawoneka yokongola komanso ili ndi chipinda chapamwamba, choyenera kukonza chipinda chapamwamba chokhala ndi khonde lotseguka. Mphepete mwa chimango imalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha zigawo za beveled, denga limatsutsana ndi mphepo bwino, limasinthidwa. Pediment ndi yoyenera kuyika zenera, pomwe theka la mchiuno limakhala zokongoletsera zoyambirira za nyumbayo.

Denga la hema

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zokhala ndi lalikulu kapena rectangle pansi; m'malo mwa chitunda, ili ndi mfundo yotsetsereka - malo otsetsereka. Denga lotchingidwa limatha kukhala ndi denga la 3 kapena kupitilira apo, abwino kwa nyumba zokhala ndi ma polygon okhazikika (masikweya). Kunja, denga loterolo limawoneka ngati piramidi ndipo limagwirizana ndi nyumbayo mumayendedwe akale. Zikuwoneka bwino ngati zokutira nyumba zaulimi, magalasi odziyimira pawokha. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzolemba zovuta zomanga. Komabe, mtengo wa madenga omangidwa ngati amenewa ndi wochuluka kuposa mitundu ya gable.

Mfundo zopanga

Ntchitoyi imafuna kuwerengera mosamala, ndi bwino kuphatikizira katswiri. Ma nuances otere adzafunika chisamaliro chapadera:

• otsetsereka aliyense amawerengedwa padera;
• pamafunika kuwerengera molondola kutalika kwa rafters ndi lokwera;
• tcherani khutu ku dera la chimneys ndi mazenera;
• chitani mawerengedwe olondola a katundu.

Chimango ndi mtengo wokwera ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zomwezo. Pulojekitiyi iyeneranso kukhala ndi zina zowonjezera ndi zonse zofunika padenga.

Parameter yotsetsereka

Kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa ndi mphamvu ya mphepo, kutsetsereka kumayenera kukhala kwakukulu; kwa mtundu wa denga lopindika, ili pamtunda wa 5-60 °.

Zosankha za Rafter

Zimaphatikizapo miyendo ya denga ndi zinthu zachikhalidwe zomwe zimapereka mphamvu padenga komanso ngakhale kugawanitsa.

Makhalidwe oyika padenga

Kuyika kumafuna chidwi chapadera ku kutchinjiriza kwamafuta ndi malo otsetsereka. Padenga la m'chiuno, kukhazikitsa kumakhala kosavuta kuposa padenga la ntchafu. Kulimbitsa ma rafters kumafunika. Mndandanda wa zinthu zomangirira ndi izi:

• mauerlat;
• matabwa a matabwa;
• zoyika;
• miyendo yopendekeka.

Pambuyo pake, zigawo zina zonse ndi crate zimayikidwa.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga la hip:

• malo a cornice overhangs si opunduka;
• kugonjetsedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho;
• amakulolani kukonzekeretsa chapamwamba ndi ntchito kwambiri danga;
• kapangidwe koyambirira;
• mapangidwe a denga amapereka kuwonjezeka kwa dera, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutentha kwabwino;
• zowonjezera zowonjezera padenga loterolo zimateteza kumvula, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.

Kuipa kwa Padenga:

• kuyika kovutirapo kwa denga ndikuyika zida zofolera;
• kukwera mtengo kwa denga.

Denga la Mansard (losweka).

Denga la mansard ndi mawonekedwe otsetsereka, omwe amapangidwa ndi kumtunda ndi kumunsi. Pamwamba, mbali ya kupendekera ndi yaying'ono, nthawi zambiri imakhala 30 °. M'munsi muli zambiri - pafupifupi 60 °. Denga loterolo likhoza kukhala ziwiri kapena zinayi. Kuthyoka kwawo kumawonjezera malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a chapamwamba.

Chapamwamba chapamwamba chikhoza kukhala chamitundu ingapo:

• lalikulu;
• rectangle;
• kuphatikiza makona atatu ndi lalikulu.

Mfundo zopangira denga

Popanga, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• kutalika kwa denga kuyenera kukhala osachepera 2,2 m;
• zipangizo ziyenera kukhala zopepuka kulemera;
• m'pofunika kuganizira struts ndi puffs.

Popeza denga loterolo limaphatikizapo dongosolo la attic m'nyumba yapayekha, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti liyenera kutetezedwa ndikuwonetsetsa kusinthana kwa mpweya.

Ngodya yotsetsereka

Choyimiracho chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa chipinda chapamwamba ndipo chiyenera kuganizira zizindikiro za nyengo ndi mtundu wa zinthu zofolerera.

Zosankha za Rafter system

Chimangochi chimakhala ndi zopingasa komanso zolendewera. Mapangidwe a denga ndi amphamvu kwambiri chifukwa chakuti amagwirizanitsa matabwa apamwamba ndi pansi, matabwa ndi zipilala kukhala truss wamba pogwiritsa ntchito zofufumitsa zopingasa. Nthawi zina mtanda wa mipiringidzo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa popanda kulanda denga lonse la mphamvu. Zokwera zopindika zimatha kupangidwa pafupifupi ofukula.

Zokwera Zokwera

Kuyika kumaphatikizapo kupanga gawo loyamba la chimango, kuphatikiza zoyikamo ndi zopendekera, ndiyeno, mofananiza, chimango chonsecho. Zinthu zokwera zimalimbikitsidwa ndi zomangira. Gawo lofunikira ndikutsekera padenga.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga la mansard:

• kuphatikiza kwakukulu ndikuwonjezeka kwa malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kukula kofanana kwa malo;
• kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'chipinda chapamwamba kumawonjezeka;
• pansi kwathunthu kumapangidwa m'nyumba;
• kupezeka kwa zinthu zapadenga kuti zikonzedwe;
• mawonekedwe osavuta a denga amapereka mphamvu ndi kudalirika;
• kuchepetsa kutentha kwa nyumba yonse;
• maonekedwe okongola.

kuipa:

• popanda mpweya wowonjezera, mawonekedwe a condensation pa keke yofolera;
• skylights amafuna ndalama zowonjezera.

Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wokonzera chipinda chapamwamba, sizingafanane ndi mtengo womanga chiwonjezeko chowonjezera kapena pansi.

Denga lamitundu yambiri

Denga lamitundu yambiri limapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa denga la gable lamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe ndi otsetsereka. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi ndege zamakona atatu ndi trapezoidal, nthawi zina zamakona amakona zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Madera akuluakulu amawonjezera mtengo wazinthu zofolera ndipo, motero, kulemera kwake konse. M'pofunika kugula stiffeners ndi zigwa. Denga likhoza kukhala ndi ngodya zosongoka kapena m'chiuno.

Mfundo zopanga

Denga lokhazikika lomwe ndi lovuta kwambiri kupanga ndipo limafuna luso lapadera. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti denga loterolo limawoneka bwino panyumba yayikulu ndikutaya panyumba yaying'ono. Chilichonse cha denga chimawerengedwa mosiyana. Akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopepuka komanso osapulumutsa pamadzi. Gawo lovuta la mapangidwe ndilokonzekera mawindo otsegula ndi madontho. Zokwera ziyenera kukhala zamatabwa apamwamba kwambiri.

Zosankha za Rafter system

Chinthu chachikulu cha chimango ndi Mauerlat, pomwe zinthu zotsalira za rafters zimamangiriridwa. Mapangidwe ovuta ayenera kugawira mofanana kupanikizika pa makoma ndi maziko.

Zokwera Zokwera

Denga la denga ndi lovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa, kuwonjezera apo, denga liri ndi zenizeni: ndikofunikira kuteteza mphambano ya mapiri, mphambano ya zigwa kuchokera ku chinyezi. Pali malo ambiri omwe ali pachiwopsezo, kotero muyenera kusamala kwambiri pakuyika ndikusankha zida zapamwamba kwambiri zoletsa madzi.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga la multi-gable:

• kunja kokongola kwa denga lokha ndi nyumba yonse;
• kapangidwe ndi cholimba kwambiri ndi ntchito yaitali;
• zothandiza;
• pansi pa denga mukhoza kukonza chipinda chowonjezera.

Kuipa kwa mtundu uwu wa denga:

• chiwerengero chachikulu cha zigawo zikuluzikulu: zokutira, zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndi zina zotero;
• mutatha kudula denga - zowonongeka zambiri.

Denga la conical ndi domed

Denga la conical ndi domed ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Ichi ndi chozungulira chozungulira chomwe chimaphimba zinthu zapakhomo: ma verandas, turrets, ndi zina zotero. Denga lokhala ndi dongo limawonedwa ngati njira yoyambirira komanso yokongola yopangira nyumbayo. Denga la conical limapatsa mwala wonse kapena nyumba ya njerwa kufanana ndi nyumba yachifumu yakale. Matailo a slate kapena ceramic amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mazenera opangidwa ndi polycarbonate yowoneka bwino kapena yamitundu.

Madenga oterowo ndi osowa, chifukwa ndi oyenera nyumba zozungulira. Madenga opindika ndi athunthu komanso osakwanira.

Mfundo zopanga

Nthawi zambiri mawonedwewa amakhala okongoletsa nyumba kuposa momwe amagwirira ntchito. Pakupanga, deta pamunsi pa cone ndi kutalika kwa malo otsetsereka ndizofunikira. Izi zimapereka chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kofunikira kwa zida zomangira.

Mtengo wotsetsereka

Zizindikiro za kutalika kwa chulucho ndi kutalika kwa mwendo wa denga zimakupatsani mwayi wowerengera gawo lotsetsereka la denga pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya tangent.

Zosankha za Rafter system

Chimango cha madenga a conical chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popachika mtundu wa fan ndi wosanjikiza. Zinthu zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, matabwa, ma crates, mipiringidzo.

Zokwera Zokwera

Miyendo ya denga imayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a fan, kupumira pazitsulo ndi chinthu cha mphete. Pansi pake pali Mauerlat. Kuyika kwinanso kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowonjezera malinga ndi malangizo. Padenga lamtunduwu, crateyi imapangidwa kuchokera ku mapaipi osinthika a PVC, osati pama board, monga momwe amachitira nthawi zambiri.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa denga la conical:

• kuwonjezeka mphamvu, kukana zivomezi;
• kukana zinthu zachilengedwe.

kuipa:

• unsembe wovuta kwambiri;
• palibe malo ogwiritsira ntchito pansi pa denga;
• n'kosatheka kuika mazenera;
• mtengo wapamwamba.

Denga liti lomwe lili bwino

Kusankhidwa kwa mtundu wa denga kumakhudzidwa osati ndi kukoma ndi bajeti ya mwini nyumba, komanso ndi zinthu zina:

• malo a nyumba: nyengo ndi zachilengedwe za dera linalake (chinyezi, kutentha, mphamvu ya mphepo);
• njira zomanga: mapulani omanga ndi geometry yomanga;
• malo oyandikana nawo: momwe malo omangirawo alili otakasuka, kaya pali zofunika pakuwoneka bwino kwa malowo ndi zoletsa zina;
• zovuta kukhazikitsa;
• zotsatira pa makoma ndi maziko amafuna mosamala, mawerengedwe olondola;
• kuthekera kwa kutentha;
• mumafuna chipinda chapamwamba, chapamwamba chosatenthedwa chosungiramo zinthu, kapena ndi nyumba yamtundu wa chalet pomwe chipinda chapamwamba pamwamba pa denga sichifunikira.

Kuti apange chithunzi cha organic, denga liyenera kupangidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi nyumbayo, poganizira magawo ena onse. Kuti denga likhale lochititsa chidwi komanso loyambirira, silifuna mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kapena zopangira denga, ndizokwanira kuti ndizogwirizana komanso zimagwirizana ndi chithunzi chonse cha nyumbayo. Zowerengera zapadera zomanga zidzakuthandizani kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe mukufunikira kugula zipangizo zapadenga, maziko a masitepe. Denga lopangidwa bwino komanso lomangidwa bwino limatha zaka makumi angapo osakonzedwa, makamaka ngati zida zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Katswiriyo adzakuuzani nthawi yabwino yomanga - m'chilimwe kapena nthawi ya autumn-spring.

Denga la denga: mitundu ya zipangizo

Monga denga, mutha kusankha zinthu zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi bajeti, kalembedwe kamangidwe ndi zokonda zokongoletsa za eni, mtundu womwe mukufuna.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala ogwirira ntchito monga slate padenga lokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kumangowonjezera kuwonongeka kwa zinthu (zodula zambiri), choncho ndi bwino kusankha zophimba zazing'ono kapena zosinthika, monga Onduvilla kapena ma shingles osinthasintha.

Zida zamapepala ndizoyenera padenga limodzi ndi gable la mawonekedwe osavuta, apa mulibe malire pakusankha mtundu wa zokutira (Ondulin Smart, matailosi a Ondulin, pepala lokhala ndi mbiri, kubwezeredwa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana).

Kwa madenga opindika komanso owoneka bwino, zida za bituminous mu mipukutu, matailosi a bituminous kapena achilengedwe, slate, slate ndi oyenera.

Denga losankhidwa mwachilengedwe lipatsa nyumba yanu umunthu ndikupangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yabwino komanso yotetezedwa.