Jamu

Nthawi zambiri pofunafuna mbewu zachilendo komanso zosowa, timaiwala zazomera zachikhalidwe zodziwika bwino monga jamu. Katemera wokanidwa kapena jamu la ku Europe ndi chomera chosatha, chosakhwima, chobiriwira chokhala ndi korona kutalika kwa 1 - 1.5 m, kwawo ku North Africa Western Europe. Masiku ano, ikukula pafupifupi ku Europe, Asia, North America, ndi North Africa.

Tikudziwanso chikhalidwe ichi ngati argus. Jamu losawoneka bwino komanso losavomerezeka limadziwika bwino ngati tchinga. Inalinso ndi phindu lalikulu ngati zipatso za zipatso (zopangira winemaking, kununkhiza m'makosi oyamba ndi sauces) ku Europe (France) kale m'zaka za zana la 16. Ndipo chifukwa cha nyengo ya ku British Isles ndi ntchito yosankhidwa ndi gooseberries ku England, mitundu yake yobala zipatso idabzalidwa kumeneko, yomwe anthu amayamikira kwambiri ku kontrakitala.

Pomaliza, chomeracho "chatukuka" chatchuka kwambiri m'maiko ambiri chifukwa chakukula msanga, zipatso zambiri, zokolola zambiri (mpaka 20-30 kg ya zipatso kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi chachikulire), komanso mtengo wathanzi. Kubala kwake kumachitika kale mchaka chachiwiri - chachitatu mutabzala ndipo kumatha zaka 25 - 30. Chomeracho chimabala kwambiri kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 5 komanso mpaka zaka 10. Ukakalamba, zokolola zake zimachepa pang'ono. Gooseberries ikukula ngati shrub kapena ngati thunthu ngati mwayi. Palinso mitundu yatsopano ya gooseberries yomwe ilibe minga konse. Chifukwa maluwa ake amapezeka koyambirira kwa Epulo, chomeracho ndi cha zipatso zoyambirira zam'madzi obiriwira. Ndipo ngakhale zili za mbewu zokhala ndi mungu wokha, tizilombo timalimbikitsa kupanga mazira abwino ndikuwonjezera zokolola.

Zosangalatsa

Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, gooseberries akhoza kukhala ovunda, ozungulira, oblong, okhala ndi peyala. Ali ndi kukoma kokoma ndi kosawasa komanso fungo labwino. Khungu lawo limatha kukhala lachikaso, lobiriwira, lofiira, komanso pafupifupi lakuda. Zipatso zambiri zimapsa mu Juni - Ogasiti. Kukula kwa zipatso zakupsa kumafika 12 - 40 mm. Ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagawo onse akacha. Anthu amakonda kukonza ma gooseberries obiriwira ndipo amadya zipatso zopsa kwathunthu zosaphika.

Zoyenera kupanga kuchokera pamenepo

Anthu amapanga vinyo, ma liqueurs, madzi, zoteteza, kupanikizana, marshmallows, marmalade, kuthira maswiti, zikondamoyo kuchokera ku zipatso za jamu. Mndandanda wam'mbuyomu uyeneranso kuphatikiza zakumwa, zotsekemera, sauces, kuphatikiza ma pie. Zipatso zatsopano zimapindulitsa chifukwa cha shuga (mpaka 14%), pectin zinthu (zoposa 1%), organic acid (citric, malic, folic, etc.), mavitamini (A, B, C, P), mchere (chitsulo, potaziyamu, sodium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, mkuwa, ayodini, zinc). Anthu nthawi zambiri amauma, amatha, kuzizira, kuzifutsa, mchere, ndikupanga tchizi (wokutidwa ndi shuga) kuchokera ku zipatso. Chitsanzo chosangalatsa: mu zipatso zobiriwira, kuchuluka kwa ma tannins kumapambana kwambiri pazomwe zili mu zipatso zakupsa, mwachitsanzo, pakukhwima, zinthu izi zimachepa. Ndipo ndi kuchuluka kwa vitamini C, pakubwera chowonadi chosangalatsa: zipatso zomwe zimachotsedwa, ndizochuma kwambiri mu asidi ya ascorbic.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mavitamini, atherosclerosis, matenda amadzimadzi, ndi kunenepa kwambiri (zomwe zili ndi kalori 44 kcal / 100 g) ayenera kudya zipatso za jamu. Ili ndi zovuta zazikulu za choleretic, diuretic, ndi laxative zomwe zimathandiza kulimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikusintha njira ya hematopoiesis. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu za pectin, zipatso za jamu zimatha kuchotsa poizoni, mchere wazitsulo zolemera m'thupi ndikuwonjezera kukana matenda a oncological, omwe amathandizidwa ndi serotonin yomwe ndi gawo la chipatso. Monga chakudya, jamu ndi labwino kwa ana, amayi apakati, okalamba, komanso omwe onenepa kwambiri. Anthu ayenera kudya zipatso mosamala akakhala ndi matenda ashuga, zilonda zam'mimba ndi mavuto am'mimba, matenda a impso komanso kwamikodzo. Gooseberries sakuvomerezeka ngati munthu angakhale tsankho.

Kubzala jamu

Ponena za kufalikira kwake m'minda yolima pakati pa mabulosi, gooseberries ikubwera pambuyo pa currants ndi strawberries. Ndipo ngakhale zisonyezo zakulimbana ndi chilala ndi chisanu mumitundu yosiyanasiyana zimatha kusiyanasiyana, gooseberries ndi zomera zokonda chinyezi. Sakonda nyengo yofunda ndipo akuvutika ndi chilala, akukula bwino, ndikubala zipatso zokhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira m'nthaka. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kosalekeza komanso kosavuta, makamaka pakumera maluwa ndi zipatso. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti gooseberries amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa za powdery mildew pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Matendawa amawononga kwambiri gooseberries m'malo akulu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwachikhalidwe, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito kupopera mankhwala osakaniza ndi Bordeaux osakaniza, ndikuwathira mankhwala a fungicidal, pogwiritsa ntchito "shawa lotentha," etc. Popeza chinyezi chowonjezera chimathandizanso kugonjetsedwa kwa gooseberries ndi powdery mildew, simuyenera kutsanulira chomera.

Malangizo ena amomwe mungabzalidwe

Chikhalidwechi chimatha kumera pafupifupi mitundu yonse yanthaka, koma chimakonda dothi, loamy, dothi lamchenga losalowererapo kapena zamchere pang'ono. Kuperewera kwa kuyatsa, kuyandikira kwa madzi apansi panthaka, nthaka yaukali, dothi, acidic, kapena nthaka yozizira kudzakhudza kwambiri chitukuko chake. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oti mubzale komwe kuli dzuwa, kuli ndi mchenga wamchenga, komanso dothi lamchenga. Kuchulukitsa: poyambitsa feteleza (manyowa, manyowa, humus) m'nthaka pamlingo wa 2 - 4 kg / m2, mutayika dothi (5 - 7 cm) pansi pa dzenje lobzala. M'malo okhala ndi dothi, kumasula pafupipafupi ndikukonza ngalande yamchenga yamtsinje kumalimbikitsidwa.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa mabowo obzala a gooseberries ndi 40 cm x 50 cm pakuya kwa 30 - 40 cm. Komanso, mutha kuwonjezera phulusa laling'ono (100 g), potaziyamu mankhwala enaake (15 - 20 g), urea (20 - 30 g) pa phando lililonse, superphosphate (30 - 50 g). Kubzala ndibwino kuti muzichita masika ndi nthawi yophukira, koma kumapeto kwa Seputembara - koyambirira kwa Okutobala ndiye nthawi yabwino kwambiri. Zomera zoterozo zimakhala ndi nthawi yolimba ndikumera mizu nyengo yozizira isanadze. Ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo, azitha kulowa munyengo yakukula munthawi yake.

Njira zobzala jamu

Ngati kubzala kumaphatikizapo mbewu zingapo motsatizana, mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala osachepera 1 - 1.5 m. Kungakhale bwino kudula mbande, ndikusiya mphukira mpaka 20 cm, ndi masamba 4 - 5. Mutabzala, kolala yazomera iyenera kupezeka mozama pang'ono, masentimita 5-6 pansi pa nthaka. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi pakubzala jamu mdera lolemera kapena dothi loam. Nthaka yoyandikira mmera uliwonse ndi yolumikizidwa kuti ichotse matumba amlengalenga ndi zina zilizonse zopanda pake, kenako muyenera kuthirira madzi ndi ndowa imodzi (1 L) pachomera chilichonse. Pofuna kupewa kutayika kwakukulu kwa chinyezi, muyenera kutchinga bwalolo (ndi manyowa, peat, humus).

Gooseberries amafunika kudulira mwaukhondo chaka chilichonse. Kuti muchite izi, kumayambiriro kwa masika, chotsani mphukira zofooka ndi nthambi, ndikusiya masamba 2 - 4 atakula bwino panthambi. Kuti mubwezeretsenso tchire la fruiting, chotsani nthambi zazaka 6 mpaka 8 ndipo muchepetse tchire lowonda.

Jamu mitundu

Gooseberries akukula ndipo ndi otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu yotchuka ya jamu:

• Masha;
• Munthu wa mkate wa ginger (wosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zazikulu);
• Carat ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zofiira komanso khungu lowonda;
• Mvula yobiriwira;
• Kutengera;
• Sadko - zipatso zazikulu, zokolola zabwino;
• zosiyanasiyana Emerald - olimba komanso koyambirira;
• Kufiira (chinthu chachikulu ndi kusowa kwa minga);
• Malachite - zipatso zazikulu zokhala ndi malachite hue.

Jamu kupanikizana ndi lalanje

Zosakaniza:

• jamu - 1kg
• shuga - 1kg
• lalanje - 1 wa sing'anga kukula

Choyamba, tsukani ma gooseberries, pezani mchira. Sambani malalanje, dulani zidutswa zingapo, chotsani nyembazo. Dutsani zipatso ndi malalanje pamodzi ndi peel kudzera chopukusira nyama.

Onjezani shuga ndipo mubweretse ku chithupsa, nthawi zina kuyambitsa, kuti kupanikizana kusatenthe. Lolani ilo lifule ndi kuziziritsa kwa maola angapo. Wiritsani kachiwiri kwa mphindi 10-15 ndikutsanulira mitsuko.

Jamu: maubwino azaumoyo

Gooseberries alibe mafuta ambiri komanso mafuta. Makamaka, 150 g wa gooseberries ali ndi 66 kcal. Komanso, lili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza.

1. Choyamba, mumakhala ndi michere yambiri komanso mafuta ochepa

Mutha kudya zipatso zazikulu osadya ma calories ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kudya zipatso kumatha kulimbikitsa kuchepa thupi ndikuchepetsa ma calories onse. Chipatsocho chimakhalanso ndi vitamini C. Gooseberries amateteza thupi ku kunenepa kwambiri, matenda amtima, mtundu wa 2 shuga, ndi mitundu ya khansa.

2. Kachiwiri, zabwino pamtima

Kukhala ndi chakudya cholemera mu gooseberries kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Jamu imakhala ndi michere yomwe imalimbikitsa thanzi la mtima, kuphatikiza ma antioxidants ndi potaziyamu.

3. Chachitatu, ndizosavuta kuwonjezera pazakudya zanu

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, ma gooseberries amadyedwa mwachilengedwe komanso mwatsopano. Kukoma kwa zipatsozi kumayambira wowawasa mpaka otsekemera, mwina ofanana ndi mphesa zosapsa pang'ono. Chipatso chikakhwima, chimakhala chotsekemera.

chenjezo

Musanadye zipatsozo, muyenera kuzisamba ndi kuziphika. Amatha kudyedwa ngati chokongoletsera, kuwonjezera pa saladi yazipatso, ma yogurts, ndi masaladi osiyanasiyana a chilimwe. Ma gooseberries amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazophika komanso zophika monga ma pie, chutneys, compote, ndi jam.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mu cosmetology

Pofuna zodzikongoletsera, anthu makamaka ntchito madzi ndi zamkati za jamu zipatso. Maphikidwe opangira kukongola kwa jamu ndi osavuta. Mwachitsanzo, ndikwanira kupukuta nkhope yanu ndi madzi a mabulosi atsopano kamodzi pa tsiku ndi mawanga a zaka.

Kudyetsa khungu louma, mutha kupanga chigoba chophweka. Lembani ubweya wochepa wa thonje m'madzi a chipatsocho. Pambuyo pake, fanizani pang'ono ndikuwapaka pankhope yoyera kwa mphindi 20. Monga lamulo, masks amenewa ndi abwino kupangidwa munthawi ya njira 15-20, kawiri pa sabata. Mutha kupanga chigoba chofananira ndi zipatso zosenda. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito chimodzimodzi (zamkati zimatsalira pamaso kwa mphindi 2); Maphunzirowa alinso njira 20-15.

Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu yazakudya, supuni ya uchi imawonjezeredwa.

Zosankha zina zakhungu

Komanso, mu maphikidwe, mutha kupeza kuphatikiza kwa madzi a jamu ndi mkaka. Sakanizani kotala la kapu ya madzi ndi mkaka mofanana. Pambuyo pake, moisten wosanjikiza wa ubweya wa thonje mu chisakanizocho, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pamaso kwa mphindi 15-20. Pambuyo pochotsa chigoba, ndi bwino kuthira nkhope ndi kirimu chopatsa thanzi. Jamu ndiwabwino kwa eni khungu losavuta. Chinsinsi chotsatira ndi choyenera kwa iwo: sakanizani tsp. Cottage tchizi ndi tsp. Uchi ndi 2 tsp. Msuzi wa jamu. Unyinji umasakanizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamaso kwa mphindi 10-15, kenako umatsukidwa ndi madzi.

Onani kanemayo ndi malangizo abwino ndikuwunikanso momwe mungalimire gooseberries mwatsatanetsatane - "Kukulitsa Gooseberries kuchokera Kubzala mpaka Kukolola":

Kuti zipatso zambiri mupite ku mndandanda wa zipatso.