Mbiri ya Vegetarianism ku Japan

Mitsuru Kakimoto, chiŵalo cha Japanese Vegetarian Society akulemba kuti: “Kufufuza komwe ndinachita m’maiko 80 a Kumadzulo, kuphatikizapo pakati pa Amereka, Briteni ndi Canada, kunasonyeza kuti pafupifupi theka la iwo amakhulupirira kuti kusadya zamasamba kunayambira ku India. Ena omwe adafunsidwa adati komwe kuda zamasamba ndi China kapena Japan. Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti zamasamba ndi Buddhism zimagwirizanitsidwa kumadzulo, ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa. M'malo mwake, tili ndi zifukwa zomveka zonenera kuti ".

Gishi-Wajin-Den, buku la mbiri ya ku Japan lolembedwa ku China m’zaka za m’ma XNUMX B.C.E., limati: “M’dzikolo mulibe ng’ombe, akavalo, akambuku, nyalugwe, mbuzi, mphutsi, mphutsi. Nyengo ndi yofatsa ndipo anthu amadya masamba atsopano m’chilimwe ndi m’nyengo yachisanu.” Zikuwoneka kuti,. Anagwiranso nsomba ndi nkhono, koma sanadye nyama.

Panthaŵiyo, dziko la Japan linali lolamuliridwa ndi chipembedzo cha Chishinto, makamaka cha kulambira milungu, chozikidwa pa kulambira mphamvu za chilengedwe. Malinga ndi kunena kwa wolemba Steven Rosen, m’masiku oyambirira a Chishinto, anthu chifukwa cha chiletso cha kukhetsa mwazi.

Zaka mazana angapo pambuyo pake, Chibuda chinadza ku Japan, ndipo Ajapani analeka kusaka ndi kusodza. M’zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiŵiri, Mfumukazi Jito ya ku Japan inalimbikitsa kumasulidwa kwa nyama ku ukapolo nakhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zachilengedwe kumene kusaka kunali koletsedwa.

Mu 676 AD Mfumu ya ku Japan yomwe inkalamulira panthawiyo Tenmu inalengeza lamulo loletsa kudya nsomba ndi nkhono, komanso nyama ya nyama ndi nkhuku.

M’zaka za m’ma 12 kuchokera ku nthawi ya Nara mpaka pa Kumanganso kwa Meiji m’zaka za m’ma 19, anthu a ku Japan ankangodya zamasamba zokha. Zakudya zazikuluzikulu zinali mpunga, nyemba ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kupha nsomba kunkaloledwa patchuthi chokha. (reri amatanthauza kuphika).

Liwu la Chijapani lakuti shojin ndi lotembenuzidwa ku Sanskrit la vyria, kutanthauza kukhala wabwino ndikupewa zoipa. Ansembe Achibuda amene anaphunzira ku China anabweretsa kuchokera ku akachisi awo chizoloŵezi cha kuphika ndi kudzimana kaamba ka chifuno cha kuunika, mogwirizana kotheratu ndi ziphunzitso za Buddha.

M’zaka za zana la 13, Dogen, yemwe anayambitsa kagulu kampatuko ka Soto-Zen, anapereka . Galu adaphunzira ziphunzitso za Zen kunja kwa China mu nthawi ya Ufumu wa Nyimbo. Anapanga malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito zakudya zamasamba monga njira yowunikira malingaliro.

Zinakhudza kwambiri anthu a ku Japan. Chakudya chomwe chimaperekedwa pamwambo wa tiyi chimatchedwa Kaiseki mu Chijapani, kutanthauza "mwala pachifuwa". Amonke amene ankadziletsa ankakankha miyala yotentha pachifuwa kuti athetse njala yawo. Liwu lakuti Kaiseki palokha limatanthauza chakudya chopepuka, ndipo mwambo umenewu wakhudza kwambiri zakudya za ku Japan.

"Kachisi wa Ng'ombe Yodulidwa" ali ku Shimoda. Inamangidwa posachedwa Japan itatsegula zitseko zake Kumadzulo m'ma 1850. Inamangidwa polemekeza ng'ombe yoyamba yophedwa, kusonyeza kuphwanya koyamba kwa malamulo a Chibuda oletsa kudya nyama.

M'nthawi yamakono, Miyazawa, wolemba mabuku wa ku Japan komanso wolemba ndakatulo wa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, adapanga buku lomwe limafotokoza za msonkhano wongopeka wa zamasamba. Zolemba zake zinathandiza kwambiri kulimbikitsa anthu okonda zamasamba. Masiku ano, palibe nyama imodzi imene imadyedwa m’nyumba za amonke za Zen Buddhist, ndipo magulu achibuda monga Sao Dai (omwe anachokera ku South Vietnam) angadzitamande.

Ziphunzitso za Chibuda si chifukwa chokha cha chitukuko cha zamasamba ku Japan. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 19, Dr. Gensai Ishizuka anafalitsa buku la maphunziro limene ankalimbikitsa anthu kuti azidya zakudya zamaphunziro motsindika kwambiri za mpunga wabulauni ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Njira yake imatchedwa macrobiotics ndipo imachokera ku filosofi yakale ya ku China, pa mfundo za Yin ndi Yang ndi Doasism. Anthu ambiri anakhala otsatira chiphunzitso chake cha mankhwala odzitetezera. Ma macrobiotics aku Japan amafuna kudya mpunga wabulauni ngati theka lazakudya, masamba, nyemba ndi udzu.

Mu 1923, The Natural Diet of Man inasindikizidwa. Wolemba mabuku, Dr. Kellogg, analemba kuti: “. Amadya nsomba kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi ndipo nyama kamodzi kokha pachaka.” Bukuli likufotokoza mmene, mu 1899, mfumu ya ku Japan inakhazikitsa ntchito yoona ngati dziko lake liyenera kudya nyama kuti likhale lolimba. Komitiyo inamaliza kuti “anthu a ku Japan nthaŵi zonse atha kuchita popanda izo, ndipo mphamvu zawo, chipiriro ndi luso lawo pa maseŵera olimbitsa thupi n’zapamwamba kuposa za mpikisano uliwonse wa ku Caucasus. Chakudya chachikulu ku Japan ndi mpunga.

Komanso, Chinese, Siamese, Korea ndi anthu ena a kum'mawa amatsatira zakudya zofanana. .

Mitsuru Kakimoto anamaliza ndi kunena kuti: “Anthu a ku Japan anayamba kudya nyama pafupifupi zaka 150 zapitazo ndipo panopa akudwala matenda obwera chifukwa chodya mafuta ambiri a nyama ndi poizoni amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi. Izi zimawalimbikitsa kuyang'ana zakudya zachilengedwe komanso zotetezeka ndikubwereranso ku zakudya zachikhalidwe za ku Japan. "

Siyani Mumakonda