Today ine akamufunsirire kulankhula za brine. Ayi, osati brine yomwe mudasintha thanzi lanu pambuyo pa phwando la Chaka Chatsopano, koma ina - brine yomwe mankhwalawo amasungidwa asanatumizidwe ku poto kapena uvuni.
Njira imeneyi imadziwika bwino kumadzulo, komwe imatchedwa brining: ndizovuta kumasulira mu Chirasha m'mawu amodzi, chifukwa sitigwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi. Ndipo kwathunthu pachabe. Kanthawi kochepa kusunga nkhuku kapena nkhumba mu brine kumapangitsa nyama kukhala yowutsa mudyo komanso yofewa, yomwe, chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa zinthuzi ku Palestina, imapereka mwayi wokwanira wopangira khitchini iliyonse.
Chani?
Kusunga chakudya mu brine n'kofanana ndi pickling, koma mankhwala omwe amachitika ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mwambiri, matsenga a pickle amachokera ku anamgumi atatu (tsopano padzakhala ulendo waung'ono mufizikiki ndi chemistry, kotero ngati wina amadana nawo, ndi bwino kudumpha pansi nthawi yomweyo):
Choyamba, a mayendedwe: monga mukukumbukira kusukulu, teremu iyi imatchedwa njira yolowerana mamolekyu a chinthu chimodzi pakati pa mamolekyu amtundu wina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufananiza kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwawo mu voliyumu yomwe idakhalapo. - pamenepa, mamolekyu amchere, omwe ali ochuluka kwambiri mu brine, amalowa m'maselo a nkhuku yosadziwika, kumene pali mamolekyu ochepa.
Chithunzi kuchokera patsamba la www.patiodaddiobbq.com
Chachiwiri, osmosis, yomwe ilidi vuto lapadera la kufalikira kwa mbali imodzi, momwemo zosungunulira mamolekyu amalowa mu nembanemba theka-permeable kupita pamwamba ndende ya solute... Kwa ife, gawo la zosungunulira limaseweredwa ndi madzi, ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mchere mu brine ndikwambiri kuposa m'maselo a nkhuku yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa ma solutes ena m'maselowa kumathandizira kuti machulukitsidwe awo owonjezera ndi madzi: pafupifupi, nyama yokalamba mu brine imalemera 6 -8 peresenti kuposa isanamizidwe m'madzi.
Pomaliza, chinsomba chachitatu ndi denaturation ya mapuloteni: mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala a saline, mapuloteni, omwe poyamba amakhala ozungulira, amamasula ndi kupanga matrix omwe amasunga mamolekyu a madzi mkati mwa maselo, kuteteza chinyezi kuti chisatuluke mu chidutswa cha nkhuku chomwe chimasungidwa mu njira yothetsera kutentha.
Zowona, ngati muwonjeza nkhuku kuti ikhale yokhayokha, palibe denaturation yomwe ingapulumutse: mapuloteni omwe amalumikizana wina ndi mzake adzachepa, ndipo madzi ambiri omwe akugwira nawo adzatuluka. Njira yowonongeka imapezekanso ikatenthedwa - chifukwa chake zakudya zamchere zimaphikidwa mofulumira, chifukwa mchere wachita kale mbali ya ntchito yomwe imachokera kutentha.
Bwanji?
Choyamba, a mayendedwe: monga mukukumbukira kusukulu, teremu iyi imatchedwa njira yolowerana mamolekyu a chinthu chimodzi pakati pa mamolekyu amtundu wina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufananiza kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwawo mu voliyumu yomwe idakhalapo. - pamenepa, mamolekyu amchere, omwe ali ochuluka kwambiri mu brine, amalowa m'maselo a nkhuku yosadziwika, komwe kuli ochepa mwa mamolekyuwa. Njira yolowerana mamolekyu a chinthu chimodzi pakati pa mamolekyu amtundu wina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufananiza kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwawo mu voliyumu yomwe idakhalapo.
Chithunzi kuchokera patsamba la www.patiodaddiobbq.comChachiwiri, osmosis, yomwe ilidi vuto lapadera la kufalikira kwa mbali imodzi, momwemo zosungunulira mamolekyu amalowa mu nembanemba theka-permeable kupita pamwamba ndende ya solute... Kwa ife, gawo la zosungunulira limaseweredwa ndi madzi, ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mchere mu brine ndikwambiri kuposa m'maselo a nkhuku yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa ma solutes ena m'maselowa kumathandizira kuti machulukitsidwe awo owonjezera ndi madzi: pafupifupi, nyama yokalamba mu brine imalemera 6 -8 peresenti kuposa yomizidwa kale mu brine. Mamolekyu osungunulira amalowa mu nembanemba yotha kulowa pang'onopang'ono kupita ku solute wambiri
Pomaliza, chinsomba chachitatu ndi denaturation ya mapuloteni: mothandizidwa ndi njira ya saline, mapuloteni, omwe poyamba amakhala opiringizika, amamasula ndi kupanga matrix omwe amasunga mamolekyu amadzi mkati mwa maselo, kuteteza chinyezi kuti chisatuluke mu chidutswa cha nkhuku chomwe chimasungidwa mu njira yothetsera kutentha. Zowona, ngati muwonjeza nkhuku kuti ikhale yokhayokha, palibe denaturation yomwe ingapulumutse: mapuloteni omwe amalumikizana wina ndi mzake adzachepa, ndipo madzi ambiri omwe akugwira nawo adzatuluka.
Njira yowonongeka imapezekanso ikatenthedwa - chifukwa chake zakudya zamchere zimaphikidwa mofulumira, chifukwa mchere wachita kale mbali ya ntchito yomwe imayambitsa kutentha. imakhala yowutsa mudyo komanso yofewa, osati mchere wambiri komanso wowuma kwambiri? M'malo mwake, mchere wosavuta kwambiri umapangidwa kuchokera kumadzi ndi mchere wamchere, ngakhale shuga ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa kwa iwo ngati angafunike (amalimbikitsanso kufalikira, ngakhale pang'ono kuposa mchere) ndi zonunkhira (komabe, zotsatira za ntchito yawo sizidzakhalanso). zowoneka bwino ngati pickling yachikale).
Mchere umawonjezeredwa m'madzi ozizira, osonkhezera mpaka kusungunuka, pambuyo pake mankhwalawa amamizidwa monsemo ndikuyika mufiriji. The Universal brine formula ndi motere:
1 lita imodzi ya madzi + 1/4 tbsp. mchere wa tebulo + 1/2 tbsp. shuga (ngati mukufuna)
Ngati mukutola nkhuku yonse, ndi bwino kuika mu thumba la pulasitiki lolimba ndikudzaza ndi brine, zomwe zidzachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwake. Ndipo musaiwale kutsuka mchere womwe wakhazikika pamwamba pa chakudya - pamenepa, nyamayo idzakhala yowutsa mudyo, koma osadzaza mchere. Tsopano, zomwe zakudya zimatha ndipo ziyenera kuyesedwa ndi brine musanaphike. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- nyama yoyera - nkhuku, turkey, mabala a nkhumba zowonda, mwa mawu, zonse zomwe ziyenera kuphikidwa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso zosavuta kuziwumitsa.
- nsomba - mwamtheradi chilichonse, makamaka chomwe muphika pa kutentha kwakukulu (mwachitsanzo, pa grill) kapena kusuta.
- nsomba - makamaka shrimp, ndipo zonse zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawotchedwa.
Kumbali ina, zakudya monga ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, bakha, masewera ndi zina zotero sizipindula ndi kukalamba kwa brine. Pali mafotokozedwe angapo a izi.
Choyamba, nthawi zambiri samaphikidwa pamoto wowotcha kwambiri kuposa sing'anga, kotero kutentha kwamkati kwa ng'ombe yomalizidwa kumakhala kotsika kuposa nkhuku yophika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti padzakhala kuchepa kwa chinyezi pakuphika.
Kachiwiri, nyama iyi yokha imakhala yochuluka kwambiri, ndipo imakhala yowutsa mudyo mwachilengedwe. Apo ayi, njira yophika nyama kapena nsomba zokhala ndi brine sizosiyana ndi nthawi zonse - kupatula kuti poyamba ndi bwino kusamala pamene mukuzikonzekera panthawi yokonzekera, kuti musaphonye mchere.
Chifukwa chake - pitilizani, ndipo musaiwale kugawana zomwe mwawona.