Mu February 2018, pamene roketi ya Elon Musk ya Falcon Heavy idachoka pansi, ndikusiya utsi wambiri kumbuyo kwake, inali ndi malipiro achilendo. M'malo mwa zida kapena gulu la akatswiri a zakuthambo, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk adakweza galimoto mmenemo - galimoto yake, Tesla Roadster yofiira chitumbuwa. Mpando wa dalaivala unatengedwa ndi mannequin atavala suti ya m’mlengalenga.
Koma katundu wodabwitsa kwambiri anali m'chipinda chamagetsi. Kumeneko, wosafa pa quartz disc, pali mabuku a Isaac Asimov Foundation. Pokhala mu ufumu wosweka wa galactic kuchokera m'tsogolo, saga iyi ya sci-fi idadzetsa chidwi cha Musk pakuyenda mumlengalenga pomwe anali wachinyamata. Tsopano idzazungulira kuzungulira mapulaneti athu ozungulira dzuwa kwa zaka 10 miliyoni zikubwerazi.
Umo ndi mphamvu ya mabuku. Kuchokera ku pulogalamu yopeka "Earth" mu buku la Avalanche la Neil Stevenson lomwe lidalengeza za kulengedwa kwa Google Earth, mpaka nkhani yachidule ya mafoni anzeru omwe adalengeza kulengedwa kwa intaneti, kuwerenga kwabzala mbewu zamalingaliro m'maganizo mwa akatswiri ambiri. Ngakhale pulezidenti wakale wa dziko la America, Barack Obama, akuti kuwerenga kwamutsegula maso kuti adziwe kuti iye ndi ndani komanso zomwe amakhulupirira.
Koma ngakhale mulibe zilakolako zazikulu, kuwerenga mabuku kumatha kulumpha-kuyamba ntchito yanu. Chizoloŵezichi chatsimikiziridwa kuti chimachepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya ubongo, komanso kuonjezera chifundo. Ndipo zimenezi sizikutanthauzanso ubwino woonekeratu wa chidziŵitso chonse chimene mungachipeze m’masamba a mabuku.
Ndiye ubwino wowerenga ndi wotani ndipo mumalowa bwanji m'gulu la anthu omwe amawerenga mabuku kwa ola limodzi patsiku?
Kuwerenga ndi njira yachifundo
Kodi mwakulitsa luso lachifundo? Ngakhale kuti bizinesi yachizoloŵezi yaika nzeru zamaganizo kuzinthu monga chidaliro ndi luso lopanga zisankho zofunika, m'zaka zaposachedwa, chifundo chakhala chikuwoneka ngati luso lofunikira. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2016 wopangidwa ndi kampani ya Development Dimensions International, atsogoleri omwe amadziwa chifundo amakonda kupitilira ena ndi 40%.
Kalelo mu 2013, katswiri wa zamaganizo David Kidd anali kuganiza za njira zopezera luso lachifundo. Iye anati: “Ndinkaganiza kuti zopeka n’zimene zimatithandiza kuti tizitha kucheza ndi anthu ena.
Pamodzi ndi mnzake ku New School for Social Research ku New York City, Kidd adafuna kudziwa ngati kuwerenga kungawongolere zomwe timati chiphunzitso chamalingaliro - chomwe, makamaka, ndikutha kumvetsetsa kuti anthu ena amakhala ndi malingaliro komanso malingaliro. zilakolako ndi kuti zikhale zosiyana ndi zathu. . Izi sizili zofanana ndi chifundo, koma awiriwa amaganiziridwa kuti ndi ogwirizana kwambiri.
Kuti adziwe, adapempha omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu kuti awerenge zolemba zabodza zomwe zapambana mphotho monga Charles Dickens' Great Expectations kapena "ntchito zamtundu" zodziwika bwino monga zoseketsa zaupandu ndi mabuku achikondi. Ena anapemphedwa kuti awerenge buku lopanda nthano kapena kuti asawerenge n’komwe. Kenako mayeso adachitidwa kuti awone ngati padasinthidwa chiphunzitso cha otenga nawo mbali.
Lingaliro linali lakuti ntchito yabwino kwambiri, yolandilidwa bwino imayambitsa dziko la anthu enieni, omwe maganizo awo owerenga angayang'ane, monga malo ophunzitsira kuti awonjezere luso lomvetsetsa anthu ena.
Zitsanzo za zolemba zamtundu wosankhidwa, m'malo mwake, sizinavomerezedwe ndi otsutsa. Ofufuzawo anasankha makamaka ntchito m'gululi lomwe limaphatikizapo zilembo zathyathyathya zomwe zikuchita m'njira zodziwikiratu.
Zotsatira zake zinali zodabwitsa: owerenga nthano zodziwika bwino adapeza zidziwitso zapamwamba pamayeso aliwonse - mosiyana ndi omwe amawerenga zopeka zamtundu wanyimbo, zopeka, kapena chilichonse. Ndipo ngakhale kuti ofufuza sanathe kutchula ndendende mmene chiphunzitso chowongokerachi chingagwirire ntchito m’dziko lenileni, Kidd akuti n’kutheka kuti amene amaŵerenga nthaŵi zonse adzakhala ndi chisoni. “Anthu ambiri amene amamvetsetsa mmene anthu ena amamvera amagwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitsocho m’njira yochirikiza anthu,” iye anamaliza motero.
Kuphatikiza pa kukulitsa luso lanu lolankhulana ndi anzanu ndi ogwira nawo ntchito, kumverana chisoni kungayambitse misonkhano yopindulitsa komanso mgwirizano. "Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu amakonda kukhala opindulitsa m'magulu omwe ali omasuka kusagwirizana, makamaka pankhani ya ntchito zopanga. Ndikuganiza kuti ndi momwe zimakhalira pamene kukhudzidwa kwakukulu ndi chidwi ndi zomwe anthu ena akumana nazo zingakhale zothandiza pogwira ntchito, "akutero Kidd.
Malangizo ochokera kwa owerenga mwachangu
Chifukwa chake, popeza mwawona phindu lowerenga, lingalirani izi: Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2017 wopangidwa ndi ofcom media regulator waku Britain, anthu amawononga pafupifupi maola awiri ndi mphindi 2 patsiku pafoni yawo. Kuti muwerenge ngakhale ola limodzi patsiku, anthu ambiri amangofunika kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe amayang'ana pazenera ndi theka lachitatu.
Ndipo nawa malangizo ochokera kwa anthu omwe monyada komanso popanda chikumbumtima amadzitcha "owerenga mwachangu."
1) Werengani chifukwa mukufuna
Christina Cipurici anaphunzira kuwerenga ali ndi zaka 4. Pamene chilakolako chatsopanochi chinamugwira, anawerenga mokondwera buku lililonse limene anapeza kunyumba. Koma kenako china chake chinalakwika. “Nditapita kusukulu ya pulayimale, kuwerenga kunali kokakamizika. Ndinanyansidwa ndi zimene aphunzitsi athu ankatikakamiza kuchita, ndipo zinandilepheretsa kuŵerenga mabuku,” akutero.
Kuipidwa ndi mabuku kumeneku kunapitirizabe mpaka pamene anali ndi zaka za m’ma 20, pamene Chipurichi anayamba kuzindikira pang’onopang’ono mmene anaphonya – ndiponso mmene anthu amene ankawerengawo anafikira patali, ndiponso mfundo zofunika kwambiri zimene zinali m’mabuku zimene zingasinthe ntchito yake.
Anaphunziranso kukonda kuwerenga ndipo pamapeto pake adapanga The CEO's Library, tsamba lofotokoza za mabuku omwe asintha ntchito za anthu ochita bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira olemba mpaka andale mpaka akatswiri azachuma.
“Panali zinthu zambiri zimene zinanditsogolera ku kusinthaku: alangizi anga; lingaliro loyika ndalama pamaphunziro a pa intaneti pomwe ndidapeza njira yatsopano yophunzirira; kuwerenga nkhani pa blog Ryan Holiday's (iye adalemba mabuku angapo okhudza chikhalidwe cha malonda ndipo anali mtsogoleri wa malonda a mtundu wa American Apparel), kumene nthawi zonse amalankhula za momwe mabuku amthandizira; ndipo, mwina, zinthu zina zambiri zomwe sindikuzidziwa n’komwe.”
Ngati pali chikhalidwe m'nkhaniyi, ndiye izi: werengani chifukwa mukufuna - ndipo musalole kuti chizolowezi ichi chikhale chotopetsa.
2) Pezani mtundu "wanu" wowerengera
Munthu amene amawerenga mwakhama amangoona kuti ndi munthu amene sasiya mabuku osindikizidwa ndipo amangoyesetsa kuwerenga makope oyambirira okha, ngati kuti ndi zinthu zakale zamtengo wapatali. Koma sizikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kukhala.
“Ndimakwera basi kwa maola aŵiri patsiku, ndipo kumeneko ndimapeza nthaŵi yokwanira yoŵerenga,” akutero Kidd. Akamapita kuntchito ndi pobwera, zimakhala zosavuta kuti aziwerenga mabuku pakompyuta - mwachitsanzo, kuchokera pakompyuta. Ndipo akamaphunzira nkhani zongopeka, zomwe n’zovuta kuzimvetsa, amakonda kumvetsera mabuku omvera.
3) Osakhazikitsa zolinga zosatheka
Kutsanzira anthu ochita bwino m'chilichonse si ntchito yophweka. Ena a iwo amaŵerenga mabuku 100 chaka chilichonse; ena amadzuka m’bandakucha kukaŵerenga mabuku m’maŵa tsiku la ntchito lisanayambe. Koma simuyenera kutengera chitsanzo chawo.
Andra Zakharia ndiwotsatsa pawokha, wolandila ma podcasts komanso wowerenga mwachangu. Upangiri wake waukulu ndikupewa ziyembekezo zazikulu ndi zolinga zowopsa. “Ndikuganiza kuti ngati ukufuna kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi choŵerenga tsiku lililonse, uyenera kuyamba pang’ono,” akutero. M'malo modzipangira cholinga monga "kuwerenga mabuku 60 pachaka," Zekariya akupereka lingaliro loyamba ndi kufunsa abwenzi kuti akupatseni malingaliro abuku ndikuwerenga masamba angapo patsiku.
4) Gwiritsani ntchito "Lamulo la 50"
Lamuloli likuthandizani kusankha nthawi yoyenera kutaya buku. Mwinamwake mumakonda kukana mwankhanza kuwerenga kale patsamba lachinayi, kapena mosemphanitsa - simungangotseka buku lalikulu lomwe simukufuna kuliwona? Yesani kuwerenga masamba 50 ndikusankha ngati kuwerenga bukhuli kudzakhala kosangalatsa kwa inu. Ngati sichoncho, chitayani.
Njira imeneyi inapangidwa ndi wolemba, wolemba mabuku komanso wotsutsa zolembalemba Nancy Pearl ndipo anafotokoza m'buku lake la The Thirst for Books. Poyambirira adapereka njira iyi kwa anthu opitilira zaka 50: achepetse zaka zawo kuchokera pa 100, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi kuchuluka kwamasamba omwe ayenera kuwerenga. Monga Pearl amanenera, mukamakula, moyo umakhala waufupi kwambiri kuti uwerenge mabuku oyipa.
Ndizo zonse zomwe ziripo! Kuyika foni yanu kwa ola limodzi ndikunyamula buku m'malo mwake ndikutsimikiza kukulitsa chifundo chanu ndi zokolola. Ngati anthu otanganidwa kwambiri komanso ochita bwino kwambiri padziko lapansi atha, ndiye kuti inunso mungathe.
Tangoganizani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zatsopano zomwe mwatulukira ndi kudziwa! Ndipo kudzoza kwake! Mwinanso mudzapeza mphamvu mwa inu nokha kuti mutsegule bizinesi yanu ya danga?