Momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini kunyumba

Musanayambe kuyanika bowa wa porcini, muyenera kudziwa njira zonse zomwe zilipo. Mukhoza kusankha njira yoyenera yokolola bowa poyerekezera zomwe zilipo komanso ndondomeko yowumitsa. Tsambali likukuuzani momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito chowumitsira chapadera kapena pa pepala lophika mu uvuni. Njira zimaperekedwa momwe mungakonzekerere bowa panjira yokolola iyi: kutsuka, kudula, kuwola. Samalani kufotokozera momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini mu chowumitsira, momwe mungakonzekerere zipangizo ndi momwe mungasinthire kutentha. Maphikidwe omwe akufunsidwa komanso upangiri wa akatswiri adzakuthandizani kuchita zonse bwino ndikupeza bowa wowuma wabwino kwambiri. Pakalipano, yang'anani momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini mu chithunzi, chomwe chimasonyeza zosankha zodula zipangizo ndi mapangidwe ake.

Kukolola bowa wa porcini m'nyengo yozizira poyanika

Bowa watsopano sasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe ali nawo. Patangotha ​​​​masiku ochepa kukolola, bowa amafota, amataya kutsitsimuka kwake ndi juiciness, ndipo amakhala osayenerera kudyedwa. Choncho, bowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa kutentha kutentha mankhwala kapena kukonzedwa kukhala khola chakudya zakudya, mwachitsanzo zamzitini, maola ochepa pambuyo kukolola. Kukolola bowa wa porcini m'nyengo yozizira poumitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wotola bowa ali ndi bowa wambiri.

Kunyumba, bowa amakololedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mtsogolo mwa kuyanika, pickling, salting ndi kumalongeza m'mitsuko yagalasi yotsekedwa ndi hermetically.

Mukaumitsa bowa, mpaka 76% ya madzi amachotsedwa kwa iwo.

Chinyezi chotsalira cha chitukuko cha tizilombo sikokwanira, zomwe zimatsogolera ku imfa yawo.

Kuyanika ndi njira yosavuta yokolola bowa kuti mudzagwiritse ntchito mtsogolo. Bowa wouma bwino amasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali osataya kukoma ndi fungo lawo. Ndipo ponena za zakudya zamtengo wapatali, iwo ndi otsika kwa mchere ndi kuzifutsa. Asanayambe kuyanika, bowa ayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi zinyalala. Sangathe kutsukidwa kapena kusungunuka ndi madzi - izi zidzachepetsa ubwino wa bowa, zidzataya fungo lawo ndipo sizidzawuma bwino. Poyeretsa, bowa wowonda, wakale komanso wamphutsi ayenera kutayidwa. Amayi ambiri a m'nyumba amaganiza kuti pa kuyanika, mphutsi zimasiya bowa, koma izi siziri choncho. Ndi bwino kuumitsa bowa pazida zapadera - sieves, sieves, maukonde.

Mkhalidwe waukulu wa kuyanika bowa ndikuti mpweya uyenera kuyenda kuchokera kumbali zonse, ndiye chinyezi chochokera ku bowa chidzatuluka mofanana. Ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino nthawi yomwe bowa wauma. Bowa wouma bwino saphwasuka, amapindika pang'ono, ndipo amasweka ndi khama. Bowa wosawuma umapindika mosavuta, umawoneka wonyowa pokhudza, wowuma kwambiri - umasweka mosavuta.

Bowa wouma bwino amafanana ndi kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa atsopano. Pambuyo kuyanika, pafupifupi 10% ya kulemera konyowa kumakhalabe mu bowa. Bowa wouma ayenera kusungidwa pa kutentha kwa 7-10 ° C ndi chinyezi chochepa, apo ayi akhoza kukhala nkhungu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amayamwa fungo lachilendo mosavuta, choncho sayenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi zinthu zonunkhiza.

Ngati muli ndi nyumba m'mudzimo, ndipo mwasunga chitofu, ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yokolola bowa zouma. Koma mukhoza kuuma bowa mu uvuni wa gasi ndi pamwamba, ngati muli ndi ukonde wapadera wowumitsa. Ngati muwumitsa bowa mu chitofu, kapena mu uvuni, tsatirani malamulo otsatirawa: bowa wokonzekera kuyanika amaikidwa ndi zipewa pansi pa magalasi, kapena amangiriridwa pa singano zoluka ngati shish kebabs. Singano zoluka ziyenera kuikidwa pazitsulo kuti bowa zisagwirizane ndi uvuni kapena pansi pa uvuni.

Ayenera kuumitsa kutentha kwa 60-70 ° C. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kuyanika pa kutentha kwakukulu, chifukwa bowa akhoza kukhala wokazinga kwambiri ndikukhala wakuda.

Pa kutentha pansi pa 50 ° C, amauma pang'onopang'ono, amasanduka owawasa komanso amawonongeka. Pa kuyanika, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chomwe chikutuluka mu bowa chimachotsedwa.

Kuti tichite izi, potseka ng'anjo, damper iyenera kusiyidwa bwino, makamaka kumtunda, kuti mpweya wonyowa ukhale womasuka. Chimney kumayambiriro kwa kuyanika ayenera kukhala ajar ndi magawo awiri pa atatu a valve, monga bowa amauma, ayenera kuphimbidwa pang'ono, ndi kutsekedwa mwamphamvu kumapeto kwa kuyanika. Mu uvuni wa gasi, chitseko chiyeneranso kusiyidwa chotseguka. Ndi bwino kuyanika bowa ang'onoang'ono ndi akuluakulu mosiyana, chifukwa amauma mosiyanasiyana. Koma ngati munaziwumitsa pamodzi, tembenuzirani nthawi zambiri ndikulekanitsa bowa wouma kale. Bowa wouma akhoza kupangidwa kukhala ufa. Popanga ufa wa bowa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bowa womwewo ngati kuyanika. ufa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera sauces, soups, caviar, kuwaza nyama ndi nsomba mbale pa kuphika kusintha kukoma ndi fungo.

Musanagwiritse ntchito, ufa wa bowa umasakanizidwa ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono ndikusiya kwa mphindi 20-30 kuti utukuke, kenako umawonjezeredwa ku chakudya ndikuphika kwa mphindi 10-15. Ufa wabwino kwambiri umapezeka pazipewa, koma ngati mwawumitsa bowa kwathunthu, mutha kusefa ufa kudzera mu sieve. Ufa wotsalawo ukhoza kuumitsa ndi kugwanso. Ufa wabwino kwambiri, umakhala wabwinoko. Ufa wa bowa umatenga chinyezi mosavuta ndipo umawonongeka msanga. Iyenera kusungidwa mu chidebe cha galasi chotsekedwa pamalo amdima, owuma, ozizira. Asanayambe kuyanika, bowa amadulidwa mu mbale, zouma, kenako zouma.

Njira zowumitsa bowa wa porcini

Komanso, akufuna kuganizira mwatsatanetsatane njira zonse zowumitsa bowa wa porcini kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito chowumitsira chapadera, magetsi kapena gasi ndi zina zambiri.

Momwe mungadulire bowa wa porcini kuti muwume

Kotero kuti poyanika mu uvuni, bowa samawotcha ndipo samadetsedwa, atatha kutenthetsa, amatsuka ku malasha ndi phulusa ndi chonyowa chochapira. Patapita nthawi, udzu wopyapyala wa rye umayikidwa pansi ndipo bowa amayikidwa pamenepo ndi zipewa zawo pansi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito poyanika ndi chitsulo kuphika mapepala (mapepala). Amaphimbidwanso ndi udzu, pamwamba pake bowa amayikidwa ndi zipewa zawo pansi kuti asakhudze. Ndikofunika kwambiri kudziwa momwe mungadulire bowa wa porcini kuti muwumitse mu uvuni wamba. Kawirikawiri amadulidwa pamodzi ndi tsinde ndi chipewa pakati.

Popanda udzu, bowa amawotcha ndikukhala ndi zokometsera zosasangalatsa. Zipangizo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyanika bowa mu uvuni. Mwachitsanzo, bowa ndi strung pakati pa kapu pa woonda waya malata kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuluka singano (ramrods) munakhala matabwa, amene kenako anaikidwa m'mphepete mu uvuni, mu mawonekedwe a gable madenga. Bowa pa singano zoluka zimauma popanda kukhudza pamoto. Kutentha kwa uvuni kuyenera kusungidwa pakati pa 40 ndi 60 ° C. Kutentha kumaphimba bowa pa spokes kuchokera kumbali zonse mofanana. Pa tsiku loyamba, bowa amangouma, chachiwiri (pa kutentha komweko) amawuma.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, samawotcha, samadetsedwa, samauma, amataya fungo lawo pang'ono. Palinso njira ina. Singano zoluka zamatabwa zopyapyala zimapangidwa kuchokera kutalika kwa 20 mpaka 30 cm. Bowa waukulu amapachikidwa pa singano zazitali zoluka, zazing'ono pa zazifupi. M'munsi malekezero a singano munakhala mu bokosi ndi mchenga wouma ndi kuika mu uvuni. Bowa ang'onoang'ono amauma mofulumira, akuluakulu pang'onopang'ono; motero, zoyamba zimachotsedwa mu uvuni kale, zachiwiri - pambuyo pake. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, bowa amakhalabe woyera ndi wouma mofanana.

Momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini pa ulusi

Kunyumba, mukhoza kuuma bowa pa chitofu chotentha, pakhoma lotentha la ng'anjo ya Dutch kapena Dutch, yomangidwa pa ulusi kapena twine. Musanawume bwino bowa wa porcini pa ulusi, muyenera kuyeretsa dothi, kudula ndi chingwe.

Bowa amatsanuliridwa pa maukonde a malata, omwe amaikidwa m'chipinda chowumitsira ndikuzungulira pa carousel. Choyamba, bowa amawuma pa kutentha kwa 37 mpaka 50 ° C, ndiye amakwezedwa mpaka 60-80 ° C ndipo pamapeto pake amawuma. Kutalika kwa kuyanika mu zowumitsira zapadera ndi maola 4-6.

Maphikidwe owumitsa bowa wa porcini m'nyengo yozizira padzuwa

Pamasiku otentha, opanda mitambo, bowa amatha kuumitsa padzuwa. Kuti muchite izi, kubowola bowa ndi singano pakati pa miyendo ndi zipewa, zingwe (zoyamba zazikulu, kenako zazing'ono) mu zidutswa 50 kapena kuposerapo pa ulusi wamphamvu, pambuyo pake amapachika pazitsulo padzuwa nthawi zina. mtunda kwa mzake ndi kuima mpaka kwathunthu zouma.

Malinga ndi njira yowumitsa bowa wa porcini m'nyengo yozizira padzuwa, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma coasters opangidwa mwapadera okhala ndi ndodo zachitsulo (ramrods), kumangirira bowa pa iwo. Pambuyo poyika bowa pamalo adzuwa, amakutidwa ndi gauze kuti ateteze ku fumbi ndi ntchentche. Bowa wowumitsidwa mokwanira ndi dzuwa amatsukidwa m'chipinda chouma. Zomwezo zimachitika ndi kuyamba kwa mitambo, kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi cha mpweya.

Kuyanika bowa wa porcini pa pepala lophika mu uvuni wamagetsi

Kuyanika bowa wa porcini mu uvuni pa pepala lophika kungaphatikizidwe ndi chithandizo chisanachitike padzuwa kapena pa chitofu chotentha. Pambuyo pake, bowa amawumitsidwa mu uvuni, uvuni kapena pa chitofu chotentha. Bowa wouma bwino amapezedwa akaphikidwa m'magawo awiri. Choyamba, bowa wokonzeka amawonekera kutentha kochepa - mkati mwa 30-50 ° C - kwa maola 1-3.

Nthawi yomweyo, amawuma chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa gawo lalikulu la chinyezi chambiri. Ndiye kuyanika kwa bowa wa porcini mu uvuni wamagetsi kumapitilizidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu - 70-80 ° C, zomwe siziyenera kupitirira, chifukwa ubwino wa mankhwalawo umawonongeka, ndipo bowa wa porcini, kuwonjezera apo, amasanduka wakuda. Bowa nthawi zambiri zouma pa kutentha kwa 50-60 ° C, ndiko kuti, pakutentha pang'ono. Pa kuyanika, mpweya wabwino wokhazikika kwa bowa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa chinyezi chomwe amamasula ziyenera kutsimikizirika, zomwe chitoliro ndi damper ya chitofu, chitseko cha uvuni chimasungidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana pankhaniyi (sieves, matabwa kapena bokosi la mchenga wokhala ndi singano zoluka molunjika, ndi zina zotero) sizimalola kuti tipewe kuipitsidwa, komanso kukonza malo owumitsa bowa, chifukwa mpweya wotentha umayenda mozungulira iwo. mbali zonse.

Momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini mu uvuni wa gasi

Musanayambe kuyanika bowa wa porcini mu uvuni wa gasi, ayenera kutsukidwa, kuikidwa pa mapepala ophika, mapepala kapena kupachika pa singano zoluka. Pankhaniyi, bowa sayenera kukhudzana wina ndi mzake. Kafukufuku wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yowumitsa adawonetsa kuti ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito kuyanika kwachilengedwe chifukwa cha nthawi yake, kutaya kwakukulu kwa michere. Musanayambe kuyanika bwino bowa wa porcini mu uvuni, amayenera kuyikidwa mu uvuni wa preheated mpaka 45 ° C.

Pambuyo pouma bowa, onjezerani kutentha kwa 75-80 ° C. Kutalika kwa nthawi yowumitsa ndi kuyanika kwa bowa sikungadziwike ndendende. Ngati zipewa ndi mbale za bowa ndizofanana, zimauma nthawi yomweyo. Bowa wouma ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo zina zonse ziyenera kuuma, kuzitembenuza nthawi ndi nthawi.

Momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini mu chowumitsira magetsi

Bowa amathanso kuyanika muzowumitsira masamba. Musanayambe kuyanika bwino bowa wa porcini mu chowumitsira magetsi, amaikidwa pa sieves kapena tepi mauna (opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) ndi wosanjikiza wa 3-4 cm, zouma kwa maola 2,5-3 pa kutentha kwa 40-45. ° C, kenako zouma pa kutentha kwa 60 -70 ° С (morels ndi mizere - pa kutentha kwa 50-55 ° С). Zouma zouma siziyenera kukhala ndi chinyezi chopitilira 17%. Zokolola za bowa zouma ndi 10-12% ndi kulemera kwa atsopano.

Momwe mungakonzekere bowa wa porcini kuti muwume

Musanayambe kukonzekera bowa wa porcini kuti muumitse, muyenera kusankha zisoti za bowa wa boletus ndikuwadula mu birch splinter. Miwiri m'munsi malekezero a splinters mu mitsuko, kumene gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kapu ya mkaka amatsanuliridwa. Ikani krynki ndi bowa mu uvuni wa preheated. Mkaka umatuluka nthunzi, umapatsa bowa wa porcini kukoma kosakhwima komanso mtundu wokongola wagolide. Anthu okhala mumzinda amatha kuyanika bowa motere mu uvuni wa gasi pa kutentha kochepa.

Yang'anani momwe mungawumire bowa wa porcini mu uvuni mu kanema, zomwe zikuwonetsa ukadaulo woyambira kukonzekera kukolola uku.