IE Repin
Pakati pa amisiri amene moyenerera amaonedwa kuti ndi gulu la Tolstoy ndi amene anatsatira ziphunzitso zake, komanso zamasamba, wotchuka kwambiri mosakayikira Ilya Efimovich Repin (1844-1930).
Tolstoy adayamikira Repin ngati munthu komanso wojambula, osati chifukwa cha chibadwa chake komanso kusazindikira kwake. Pa July 21, 1891, analembera onse aŵiri NN Ge (bambo ndi mwana wamwamuna) kuti: “Repin ndi munthu waluso waluso, koma wauwisi kotheratu, wosakhudzidwa, ndipo n’zokayikitsa kuti sangadzukenso.”
Repin nthawi zambiri ankadziwika kuti ndi wochirikiza moyo wosadya zamasamba. Kuvomereza kumodzi koteroko kuli m’kalata imene analembera I. Perper, wofalitsa wa Vegetarian Review, patangopita nthaŵi pang’ono imfa ya Tolstoy.
"Ku Astapovo, pamene Lev Nikolayevich adamva bwino ndipo adapatsidwa galasi la oatmeal ndi yolk kuti alimbikitse, ndinafuna kufuula kuchokera pano: Osati! Osati zimenezo! Mpatseni chokoma okoleretsa therere msuzi (kapena zabwino udzu ndi clover). Ndi chimene chidzabwezeretsa mphamvu zake! Ndikulingalira momwe akuluakulu olemekezeka azachipatala angamwetulire, atangomvetsera kwa wodwalayo kwa theka la ola ndikukhala ndi chidaliro pazakudya za mazira ...
Ndipo ndine wokondwa kuchita chikondwerero chaukwati chamasamba opatsa thanzi komanso okoma a masamba. Ndikumva momwe madzi opindulitsa a zitsamba amatsitsimula, amatsuka magazi ndipo amakhala ndi machiritso ambiri pa vascular sclerosis yomwe yayamba kale momveka bwino. Ndili ndi zaka 67, ndikulemera komanso chizolowezi chodya kwambiri, ndinakumana kale ndi matenda aakulu, kuponderezedwa, kulemera, komanso makamaka mtundu wina wachabechabe m'mimba (makamaka pambuyo pa nyama). Ndipo pamene ankadya kwambiri, m’pamenenso ankavutika ndi njala mkati. Zinali zofunikira kusiya nyama - zinakhala bwino. Ndinasintha kukhala mazira, batala, tchizi, chimanga. Ayi: Ndanenepa, sindingathenso kuchotsa nsapato zanga kumapazi anga; mabatani sagwira mafuta ochuluka: ndizovuta kugwira ntchito ... NB Severova adawaphunzira ndikundiuza malingaliro awo.
Mazira otayidwa (nyama yatsala kale). - Saladi! Ndi zokongola bwanji! Ndi moyo bwanji (ndi mafuta a azitona!). Msuzi wopangidwa kuchokera ku udzu, kuchokera ku mizu, kuchokera ku zitsamba - ichi ndi mankhwala a moyo. Zipatso, vinyo wofiira, zipatso zouma, azitona, prunes… mtedza ndi mphamvu. Kodi n'zotheka kulemba zonse zapamwamba za tebulo la masamba? Koma masamba a zitsamba ndi osangalatsa. Mwana wanga wamwamuna Yuri ndi NB Severova amamvanso chimodzimodzi. Kukhuta kumadzaza kwa maola 9, simukufuna kudya kapena kumwa, chilichonse chimachepa - mutha kupuma momasuka.
Ndimakumbukira zaka za m'ma 60: chilakolako cha nyama ya Liebig (mapuloteni, mapuloteni), ndipo pofika zaka 38 anali kale wokalamba wofooka yemwe anali atasiya chidwi ndi moyo.
Ndine wokondwa kuti nditha kugwiranso ntchito mokondwera ndipo madiresi ndi nsapato zanga zonse zili zaulere pa ine. Mafuta, zotupa zotuluka pamwamba pa minofu yotupa, zapita; thupi langa linatsitsimutsidwa ndipo ndinakhala wopirira poyenda, wamphamvu mu masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso wopambana kwambiri mu luso - kutsitsimutsidwa kachiwiri. Ilya Repin.
Repin anakumana ndi Tolstoy kale October 7, 1880, pamene iye anapita kwa iye mu siteshoni mu Bolshoy Trubny Lane mu Moscow. Pambuyo pake ubwenzi wapamtima udakhazikika pakati pawo; Repin amakhala ku Yasnaya Polyana nthawi zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina kwa nthawi yayitali; adalenga wotchuka "Repin mndandanda" zojambula ndi zojambula za Tolstoy, ndi mbali ya banja lake. Mu January 1882, Repin anajambula chithunzi cha Tatyana L. Tolstaya ku Moscow, mu April chaka chomwecho anapita ku Tolstoy kumeneko; April 1, 1885 Tolstoy mu kalata yoyamikira Repin kujambula "Ivan Woopsa ndi Mwana Wake" - ndemanga, mwachionekere, anasangalala kwambiri Repin. Ndipo zojambula zina za Repin zimabweretsa matamando kuchokera kwa Tolstoy. January 4, 1887 Repin pamodzi ndi Garshin alipo mu Moscow pa kuwerenga sewero "Mphamvu ya Mdima". Ulendo woyamba wa Repin ku Yasnaya Polyana unachitika kuyambira pa Ogasiti 9 mpaka 16, 1887. Kuyambira pa Ogasiti 13 mpaka Ogasiti 15, amajambula zithunzi ziwiri za wolemba: "Tolstoy pa desiki lake" (lero ku Yasnaya Polyana) ndi "Tolstoy ali pampando wokhala ndi mkono". buku m’dzanja lake” (lero mu Tretyakov Gallery). Tolstoy akulembera PI Biryukov kuti panthawiyi adatha kuyamikira Repin kwambiri. Mu Seputembala, Repin amapenta, kutengera zojambula zomwe zidapangidwa ku Yasnaya Polyana, chithunzi "LN Tolstoy pamtunda wolimidwa. Mu Okutobala, Tolstoy adayamika Repin pamaso pa NN Ge: "Panali Repin, adajambula chithunzi chabwino. <…> munthu wamoyo, wokulirapo.” Mu February 1888, Tolstoy analembera Repin ndi pempho kuti alembe zojambula zitatu za mabuku oletsa kuledzera, lofalitsidwa ndi nyumba yosindikizira ya Posrednik.
Kuyambira pa June 29 mpaka July 16, 1891, Repin analinso ku Yasnaya Polyana. Ajambula zithunzi "Tolstoy mu ofesi pansi pa arches" ndi "Tolstoy opanda nsapato m'nkhalango", kuwonjezera apo, amafanizira kuphulika kwa Tolstoy. Pa nthawiyi, pakati pa July 12 ndi 19, Tolstoy analemba kope loyamba la The First Step. Pa Julayi 20, adauza II Gorbunov-Posadov kuti: "Panthawiyi ndidathedwa nzeru ndi alendo - Repin, mwa njira, koma ndidayesetsa kuti ndisataye masiku, omwe ndi ochepa, ndikupita patsogolo pantchito, ndikulemba zolemba. nkhani yonse yokhudza kusadya nyama, kususuka, kudziletsa.” Pa July 21, kalata yopita kwa Ge awiri imati: “Repin anali nafe nthawi yonseyi, anandipempha kuti ndibwere <…>. Repin adalemba kuchokera kwa ine mchipindamo komanso pabwalo ndikujambula. <…> Kuphulika kwa Repin kwatha ndikuwumbidwa komanso kwabwino <…>. ”
Pa Seputembara 12, m'kalata yopita kwa NN Ge-son, Tolstoy akuwonetsa kudabwa:
"Repin ndizopusa bwanji. Amalembera makalata Tanya [Tatyana Lvovna Tolstaya], m’menemo akudzimasula yekha ku chisonkhezero chabwino cha kukhala nafe.” Ndithudi, Repin, amene mosakayikira ankadziŵa kuti Tolstoy akugwira ntchito pa Gawo Loyamba, analembera Tatyana Lvovna pa August 9, 1891 kuti: “Ndine wokonda zamasamba mosangalala, ndimagwira ntchito, koma sindinagwirepo ntchito bwino chonchi.” Ndipo kale pa Ogasiti 20, kalata ina imati: “Ndinayenera kusiya zamasamba. Chilengedwe sichifuna kudziwa makhalidwe athu abwino. Nditalembera kwa inu, usiku ndinali ndi kunjenjemera kwamanjenje kotero kuti mmawa wotsatira ndinaganiza zoyitanitsa steak - ndipo idachoka. Tsopano ndimadya modukizadukiza. Eya, n’kovuta kuno: mpweya woipa, margarine m’malo mwa batala, ndi zina zotero. Ah, tikanatha kusamukira kwinakwake [kuchokera ku St. Petersburg]! Koma pakali pano.” Pafupifupi makalata onse a Repin panthawiyo ankapita kwa Tatyana Lvovna. Iye ali wokondwa kuti adzakhala ndi udindo wa dipatimenti luso la nyumba yosindikizira Posrednik.
Kusintha kwa Repin kupita ku moyo wosadya zamasamba kwa nthawi yayitali kudzakhala kusuntha molingana ndi "masitepe awiri opita patsogolo - imodzi kumbuyo": "Mukudziwa, zachisoni, ndidafika pomaliza kuti sindingakhale popanda chakudya cha nyama. Ngati ndikufuna kukhala wathanzi, ndiyenera kudya nyama; popanda izo, njira ya kufa tsopano nthawi yomweyo imayamba kwa ine, monga momwe mudandiwonera pa msonkhano wanu wokonda. Sindinakhulupirire kwa nthawi yayitali; ndipo njira iyi ndi ija ndinadziyesa ndekha ndipo ndikuwona kuti sizingatheke mwanjira ina. Inde, mwachisawawa, Chikristu sichiri choyenera kwa munthu wamoyo.
Ubale ndi Tolstoy m'zaka zimenezo anakhalabe pafupi. Tolstoy adapatsa Repin chiwembu cholemba chithunzi "Kulemba Anthu Olemba Ntchito"; Repin adalembera Tolstoy za kupambana kwa sewero la Zipatso Zowunikira ndi anthu: "Madokotala, asayansi ndi aluntha onse amafuula motsutsa mutuwo <...> Koma omvera ... amasangalala ndi zisudzo, amaseka mpaka mutagwa ndikupirira. zambiri zolimbikitsa za moyo wa mzindawo. " Kuchokera pa February 21 mpaka February 24, 1892, Repin ankachezera Tolstoy ku Begichevka.
Pa Epulo 4, Repin adabweranso ku Yasnaya Polyana, komanso pa Januware 5, 1893, pomwe amajambula chithunzi cha Tolstoy mumtundu wamadzi wa magazini ya Sever. Kuyambira Januware 5 mpaka 7, Repin kachiwiri ku Yasnaya Polyana, akufunsa Tolstoy za chiwembucho. Tolstoy analembera Chertkov kuti: “Chimodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri posachedwapa chinali msonkhano ndi Repin.”
Ndipo Repin adasilira buku la Tolstoy Kodi luso ndi chiyani? Pa December 9 chaka chomwecho, Repin ndi wosema Paolo Trubetskoy anapita ku Tolstoy.
April 1, 1901 Repin amajambula mtundu wina wamadzi wa Tolstoy. Sali wokondwa kwathunthu kuti Repin akujambulanso chithunzi chake, koma sakufuna kumukana.
Mu May 1891, pa mkulu wa asilikali a Peter ndi Paul Fortress ku St. M'makumbukiro ake, NB Severova adalongosola msonkhano woyambawu, ndipo adautcha "Msonkhano Woyamba". Mu August 1863, pa malo a Talashkino, a Mfumukazi MK Tenisheva, woyang'anira zaluso, msonkhano wina pakati pa Nordman ndi Repin unachitika. Nordman, pambuyo pa imfa ya amayi ake, amapeza malo ku Kuokkala kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa St. pakati pawo panali situdiyo wojambula (kwa Repin). Anapatsidwa dzina lakuti "Penates". Mu 1914, Repin anakhazikika kumeneko kosatha.
Kuyambira 1900, kuyambira paukwati wa Repin ndi NB Nordman-Severova, maulendo ake ku Tolstoy akhala akucheperachepera. Koma kudya kwake zamasamba kudzakhala kokhwima. Repin adanena izi mu 1912 m'nkhani yake ya "album" ya canteen ya Tashkent "Toothless Nutrition", yomwe inafalitsidwa mu magazini ya Vegetarian Review ya 1910-1912. m'magawo angapo; panthawi imodzimodziyo, maumboni ena akubwerezedwa, zaka ziwiri m'mbuyomo, mwamsanga pambuyo pa imfa ya Tolstoy, kuphatikizapo kalata yopita kwa I. Perper (onani pamwambapa, p. yy):
“Nthawi iliyonse ndili wokonzeka kuthokoza Mulungu kuti tsopano ndakhala wosadya zamasamba. Chiyambi changa choyamba chinali pafupi ndi 1892; zinatha zaka ziwiri - ndinalephera ndikukomoka chifukwa cha kutopa. Yachiwiri inatenga zaka 2 1/2, mumikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, ndipo inaimitsidwa ndi kuumirira kwa dokotala, yemwe analetsa mnzanga [ie ENB Nordman] kukhala wamasamba: "nyama ndiyofunika" kudyetsa mapapu odwala. Ndinasiya kudya zamasamba "chifukwa cha kampani", ndipo, chifukwa choopa kufooka, ndinayesera kudya momwe ndingathere, makamaka tchizi, chimanga; anayamba kunenepa mpaka kulemera - zinali zovulaza: chakudya katatu, ndi mbale zotentha.
Nthawi yachitatu ndi yodziwika kwambiri komanso yosangalatsa kwambiri, chifukwa cha kudziletsa. Mazira (zakudya zovulaza kwambiri) zimatayidwa, tchizi zimachotsedwa. Mizu, zitsamba, masamba, zipatso, mtedza. Makamaka supu ndi masamba opangidwa kuchokera ku lunguzi ndi zitsamba zina ndi mizu zimapereka njira zopatsa thanzi komanso zamphamvu zamoyo ndi ntchito ... zinyalala za ufumu wa masamba. Alendo anga onse amasirira chakudya changa chochepa kwambiri ndipo sakhulupirira kuti tebulo silimaphedwa komanso kuti ndilotsika mtengo.
Ndimadzaza chakudya chochepa cha magawo awiri pa 1 koloko tsiku lonse; ndipo kokha pa theka la 8 ndimakhala ndi choziziritsa kukhosi ozizira: letesi, azitona, bowa, zipatso, ndipo kawirikawiri, kuti pali pang'ono. Kudziletsa ndiko chimwemwe cha thupi.
Ndikumva ngati kale; ndipo chofunika kwambiri, ndinataya mafuta onse owonjezera, ndipo madiresi onse anamasulidwa, koma asanakhale olimba kwambiri; ndipo zinandivuta kuvala nsapato. Anadya katatu mbale zotentha zingapo zamitundumitundu ndikumva njala nthawi zonse; ndipo m’maŵa m’mimba muli chopanda kanthu. Impso sizinagwire ntchito bwino kuchokera ku tsabola womwe ndidazolowera, ndidayamba kulemera komanso kuchepa kwambiri ndili ndi zaka 65 chifukwa cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
Tsopano, ndikuthokoza Mulungu, ndakhala wopepuka ndipo, makamaka m'mawa, ndimamva bwino komanso wokondwa mkati. Ndipo ndili ndi chilakolako chaubwana - kapena kani, wachinyamata: Ndimadya chirichonse ndi chisangalalo, kuti ndipewe kupitirira malire. Ilya Repin.
Mu August 1905, Repin ndi mkazi wake anapita ku Italy. Ku Krakow, amajambula chithunzi chake, ndipo ku Italy, mumzinda wa Fasano pamwamba pa Lago di Garda, pamtunda wa kutsogolo kwa munda - chithunzi china - amaonedwa kuti ndi chithunzi chabwino kwambiri cha Natalya Borisovna.
Kuyambira 21 mpaka 29 September onse akukhala ku Yasnaya Polyana; Repin amajambula chithunzi cha Tolstoy ndi Sofya Andreevna. Nordman-Severova patatha zaka zitatu adzafotokoza bwino za masiku awa. Zoona, sizikunena kuti Repin sanadye nyama kwa zaka ziwiri ndi theka, koma tsopano amachita izo nthawi zina, chifukwa madokotala analamula nyama Natalia Borisovna, mwinamwake iye akuwopseza kumwa. Pa July 10, 1908, kalata yotseguka inasindikizidwa, m’mene Repin anafotokoza kugwirizana kwake ndi mfundo ya Tolstoy yotsutsa chilango cha imfa: “Sindingathe kukhala chete.”
Ulendo womaliza wa Repin ndi NB Nordman ku Yasnaya Polyana unachitika pa December 17 ndi 18, 1908. Msonkhano uwu ukujambulidwanso mu kufotokoza kowoneka koperekedwa ndi Nordman. Patsiku lonyamuka, chithunzi chomaliza cha Tolstoy ndi Repin chimatengedwa.
Mu January 1911, Repin analemba zolemba zake za Tolstoy. Kuyambira March mpaka June, iye, pamodzi ndi Nordman, ali ku Italy pachiwonetsero cha dziko lonse, kumene holo yapadera imaperekedwa kwa zojambula zake.
Kuyambira November 1911, Repin wakhala membala wovomerezeka wa bungwe la akonzi la Vegetarian Review, adzakhalabe choncho mpaka kumapeto kwa magaziniyi mu May 1915. chipinda chodyeramo zamasamba chotchedwa "Moscow Vegetarian Dining Room":
“Khrisimasi isanafike, ndinkakonda kwambiri Moscow, kumene ndinayamba kukhazikitsa Chiwonetsero chathu cha 40 Choyendayenda. Iye wakhala wokongola bwanji! Kuwala kotani nanga madzulo! Ndipo ndi unyinji wotani wa nyumba zazikuluzikulu zatsopano zakula; Inde, zonse zili m'njira yatsopano! - Komanso, nyumba zaluso zokongola ... Malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, malo osungiramo ma tramu ... Ndipo, makamaka madzulo, ma tram awa amasungunuka ndi phokoso, phokoso, kuwala - kumakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi magetsi ochititsa khungu - ma tramu! Momwe zimakhalira m'misewu, zodzaza ndi chipwirikiti - makamaka Khrisimasi isanakwane ... Ngakhale a Muscovites akale amadandaula. Mu mphete zachitsulo za njoka zachitsulo amawona kale mizukwa ya kutha kosakayikitsa kwa dziko lapansi, chifukwa Wokana Kristu amakhala kale padziko lapansi ndikumangirira mochulukirapo ndi maunyolo a gehena ... Pambuyo pake, zimatengera kunjenjemera: pamaso zipata za Spassky, pamaso pa St. Basil Wodala ndi kachisi wina wa ku Moscow, amafuula monyanyira tsiku lonse ndi usiku wonse - pamene onse "opanda pake" akugona kale, amathamangira (panonso!) Ndi ziwanda zawo. moto ... Nthawi zotsiriza! …
Aliyense amachiwona, aliyense amadziwa; ndipo cholinga changa ndi kufotokoza mu kalata iyi chinachake chimene si aliyense, ngakhale Muscovites, amadziwa panobe. Ndipo izi sizinthu zakunja zomwe zimadyetsa maso okha, zoonongeka ndi kukongola; Ndikufuna ndikuuzeni za tebulo lokoma, lokhutiritsa, lazamasamba lomwe limandidyetsa sabata yonse, kantini yazamasamba, ku Gazetny Lane.
Pachikumbukiro chabe cha bwalo lokongola, lowala ili, lokhala ndi zipata ziwiri zolowera, pa mapiko awiri, ndikopeka kupita kumeneko kachiwiri, kusakanikirana ndi mzere wosalekeza wa iwo akupita kumeneko ndi kubwerera komweko, wodyetsedwa kale bwino ndi wokondwa; makamaka achinyamata, amuna ndi akazi, ambiri a ophunzira - Russian ophunzira - olemekezeka kwambiri, chofunika kwambiri chilengedwe cha kwathu <…>.
Dongosolo la chipinda chodyeramo ndi chitsanzo; m’chipinda chakutsogolo, palibe chimene chinalamulidwa kuti chilipidwe. Ndipo izi zili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwapadera kwa ophunzira osakwanira pano. Kukwera masitepe a mapiko awiri kuchokera pakhomo, kumanja ndi kumanzere, ngodya yaikulu ya nyumbayi imakhala ndi zipinda zokondwa, zowala zokhala ndi matebulo oikidwa. Makoma a zipinda zonse amapachikidwa ndi zithunzi za Leo Tolstoy, zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mosinthana komanso mosiyanasiyana. Ndipo kumapeto kwenikweni kwa zipinda, kumanja - m'chipinda chowerengera muli chithunzi chachikulu cha moyo wa Leo Tolstoy pa kavalo wotuwa, wonyezimira akukwera m'nkhalango ya Yasnaya Polyana m'dzinja (chithunzi cha Yu. I. Igumnova ). Zipinda zonse zimayikidwa ndi matebulo ophimbidwa ndi zopangira zodulira ndi madengu ofunikira, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mkate, kukoma kwapadera, kosangalatsa komanso kokhutiritsa, komwe kumaphikidwa ku Moscow kokha.
Kusankha chakudya ndikokwanira, koma ichi sichinthu chachikulu; ndi chakuti chakudya, ziribe kanthu zomwe mungatenge, ndi chokoma kwambiri, mwatsopano, chopatsa thanzi kotero kuti mwachisawawa chimathyola lilime: bwanji, ichi ndi chakudya chokoma! Ndipo kotero, tsiku lililonse, sabata yonse, pamene ndinkakhala ku Moscow, ndinali kale ndi chisangalalo chapadera cholakalaka chipinda chodyera chosayerekezeka ichi. Bizinesi yofulumira komanso kulephera kukonza chiwonetsero ku Museum kunandikakamiza kukhala mu canteen ya Zamasamba pa maola osiyanasiyana; ndipo pa maola onse akufika kwanga, chipinda chodyera chinali chodzaza, chowala ndi chokondwa, ndipo mbale zake zinali zosiyana - zinali: imodzi inali tastier kuposa ina. <…> Ndipo kvass bwanji!
Ndizosangalatsa kuyerekeza kufotokozera uku ndi nkhani ya Benedikt Livshits za ulendo wa Mayakovsky ku canteen yomweyi. (cf. s. yy). Repin, mwa njira, akunena kuti asanachoke ku Moscow anakumana ndi PI Biryukov m'chipinda chodyera: "Pokhapo tsiku lomaliza ndikuchoka kale, ndinakumana ndi PI Biryukov, yemwe amakhala m'nyumba imodzi, nyumba ya oloŵa nyumba . Shakhovskaya. - Ndiuzeni, ndikufunsani, mwapeza kuti wophika wodabwitsa chonchi? Chithumwa! – Inde, tili ndi mkazi wophweka, Russian mkazi kuphika; atabwera kwa ife, sankadziwa kuphika zamasamba. Koma adazolowera ndipo tsopano (pambuyo pake, adafunikira othandizira ambiri ndi ife; Mukuwona alendo angati) amaphunzira mwachangu abwenzi ake. Ndipo zogulitsa zathu ndizabwino kwambiri. Inde, ndikuwona - chozizwitsa choyera komanso chokoma. Sindidya kirimu wowawasa ndi batala, koma mwangozi zinthuzi zinaperekedwa kwa ine m'mbale zanga ndipo ine, monga akunena, ndinanyambita zala zanga. Kwambiri, chokoma kwambiri komanso chachikulu. Mangani chipinda chodyera chomwecho ku St. Petersburg, palibe wabwino - ndimamutsimikizira. Chifukwa, ndalama zazikulu zimafunika… Ine: Chifukwa, ichi ndi chinthu choyenera kuchita. Kodi palibe amene ali ndi mwayi wothandizira?.. Il. Repin. Mwachiwonekere, panalibe - chimodzi mwa zopinga zazikulu za zamasamba za ku Russia, ngakhale pa nthawi ya kupambana kwake nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse isanayambe, kunali kusowa kwa olemera-othandizira opereka chithandizo.
Chithunzi cha chipinda chodyera chomwe chinakondweretsa Repin mu December 1911 chinasindikizidwanso mu VO (komanso pamwambapa, onani ill. yy) Moscow Vegetarian Society, yomwe chaka chatha inachezeredwa ndi anthu oposa 30, pofika August 1911 inasamutsidwa nyumba yatsopano ku Gazetny Lane. Poona kupambana kwa canteen iyi, gulu likukonzekera kutsegula canteen yachiwiri yotsika mtengo kwa anthu kugwa, lingaliro lomwe linali losangalatsa kwa malemu LN Tolstoy. Ndipo Voice of Moscow inafalitsa nkhani mwatsatanetsatane, kuphatikizapo kuyankhulana ndi Msungichuma wa Chigawo cha Military cha Moscow ndi chilengezo chakuti anthu 72 amadya mu "canteen wamkulu" tsiku lililonse.
Kuchokera m'makumbukiro a wolemba KI Chukovsky, wochezeka ndi Repin, tikudziwa kuti wojambulayo adayenderanso canteens zamasamba ku St. Chukovsky, makamaka kuyambira 1908, ku St. Petersburg ndi Kuokkala, anali akukumana ndi Repin ndi Nordman-Severova. Iye akulankhula za kukachezera “canteen” kuseri kwa Kazan Cathedral: “Kumeneko tinayenera kuima pamzere kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndi kaamba ka mkate, ndi mbale, ndi mtundu wina wa makuponi a malata. Nandolo cutlets, kabichi, mbatata anali nyambo zazikulu mu canteen wa zamasamba. A awiri Inde chakudya chamadzulo ndalama makumi atatu kopecks. Pakati pa ophunzira, akalaliki, akuluakulu aang'ono, Ilya Efimovich ankaona ngati munthu wake.
Repin, m'makalata opita kwa abwenzi, samasiya kulimbikitsa zamasamba. Kotero, mu 1910, adakakamiza DI Yavornitsky kuti asadye nyama, nsomba ndi mazira. Ndi zovulaza anthu. Pa Disembala 16, 1910, adalembera VK Byalynitsky-Birulya kuti: "Ponena za zakudya zanga, ndakwanitsa (zowona, izi sizili zofanana ndi aliyense): sindinakhalepo wamphamvu, wachinyamata komanso wogwira ntchito. Nawa mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso obwezeretsa !!!… Ndipo nyama - ngakhale msuzi wa nyama - ndi poizoni kwa ine: Ndimavutika kwa masiku angapo ndikadya mumzinda mu lesitilanti ina ... liwiro.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya Nordman pa June 30, 1914 ku Orselin pafupi ndi Locarno, Repin anapita ku Switzerland. Mu Vegetarian Review, adalemba mwatsatanetsatane za mnzake wakufayo wa moyo wake, za khalidwe lake, zochita zake ku Kuokkala, zolemba zake komanso masabata omaliza a moyo wake ku Orselino. "Natalya Borisovna anali wosamalitsa zamasamba - mpaka chiyero"; ankakhulupirira kuti angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi "mphamvu ya dzuwa" yomwe ili mumadzi amphesa. "Pokwera kuchokera ku Locarno kupita ku Orselino, kumalo akumwamba pamwamba pa Nyanja ya Maggiore, m'manda ang'onoang'ono akumidzi, pamwamba pa nyumba zonse zokongola <…> pali okonda zamasamba. Amamva nyimbo yaufumu wamasamba wobiriwira wopita kwa Mlengi. Ndipo maso ake amayang'ana padziko lapansi ndikumwetulira kosangalatsa kumwamba, komwe iye, wokongola ngati mngelo, atavala chovala chobiriwira, adagona m'bokosi, atakutidwa ndi maluwa okongola akumwera ... "
Chipangano cha NB Nordman chinasindikizidwa mu Vegetarian Bulletin. Nyumba ya "Penates" ku Kuokkale, yomwe inali yake, idaperekedwa kwa IE Repin kwa moyo wake wonse, ndipo atamwalira idapangidwira chipangizo cha "nyumba ya IE Repin". Kuokkala kuyambira 1920 mpaka 1940 ndiyeno kuyambira 1941 mpaka kulandidwa kwa Finland kunali m'gawo la Finnish - koma kuyambira 1944 derali limatchedwa Repino. Kutolere kwakukulu kwa zojambula za NB Nordman, mazana angapo a ntchito za Russian wotchuka kwambiri komanso ojambula akunja ndi osema zinali zamtengo wapatali. Zonsezi zinaperekedwa kwa tsogolo la Repin Museum ku Moscow. Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse ndi kusinthaku kunalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomekoyi, koma pali "Museum-estate ya IE Repin Penata" ku Repino.
Prometheus Theatre ku Kuokkala, yomwe ilinso ndi NB Nordman, komanso nyumba ziwiri zokhala ku Ollila, zidapangidwa kuti ziziphunzitsa. Amboni pokonzekera chifunirocho anali, mwa ena, wojambula (ndi mwana wamkazi) LB Baryatinskaya-Yavorskaya ndi wosema Paolo Trubetskoy.
Posachedwapa, mmodzi wa mboni zomalizira anamwalira, akukumbukira likulu la chikhalidwe cha Russia kuyambira ali mwana - DS Likhachev: "Pamalire ndi Ollila (tsopano Solnechnoye) panali Repin Penates. Pafupi ndi Penat, KI Chukovsky anadzipangira yekha nyumba yachilimwe (IE Repin inamuthandiza pa izi - zonse ndi ndalama ndi malangizo). Mu nyengo zina zachilimwe, Mayakovsky ankakhala, Meyerhold anabwera, <...> Leonid Andreev, Chaliapin ndi ena ambiri anabwera ku Repin. <...> Paziwonetsero zachifundo, adayesa kudabwa ndi zodabwitsa <...> Koma panalinso machitidwe "zambiri". Repin adawerenga zolemba zake. Chukovsky anawerenga Ng'ona. Mkazi wa Repin anayambitsa mankhwala azitsamba ndi mankhwala azitsamba.”
Chukovsky akukhulupirira kuti Repin, atabwerako kuchokera ku Switzerland, akuti adalengeza kuti dongosolo lina lidzapitiriza kulamulira mu Penates: "Choyamba, Ilya Efimovich anathetsa ulamuliro wa zamasamba ndipo, malinga ndi malangizo a madokotala, anayamba kudya nyama. zochepa.” N’zosadabwitsa kuti madokotala anapereka uphungu woterowo, koma kuti palibe umboni wosonyeza kusakonda zamasamba n’kosakhulupirira. Mayakovsky adadandaula m'chilimwe cha 1915 kuti adakakamizika kudya "zitsamba za Repin" ku Kuokkala ... David Burliuk ndi Vasily Kamensky amalankhulanso zazamasamba m'chaka pambuyo pa imfa ya Nordman. Burliuk akulemba za February 18, 1915:
"<...> Aliyense, mofulumizidwa ndi Ilya Efimovich ndi Tatyana Ilyinichnaya, akuyang'ana kuchokera pazokambirana zomwe zidayambika pakati pa anthu omwe angodziwa kumene, adanyamuka kupita ku carousel yodziwika bwino yazamasamba. Ndinakhala pansi ndikuyamba kuphunzira mosamala makinawa kuchokera kumbali ya makina ake, komanso kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zili mkati.
Anthu khumi ndi atatu kapena khumi ndi anayi anakhala patebulo lalikulu lozungulira. Kutsogolo kwa aliyense kunali chida chodzaza. Panalibe antchito, malinga ndi aesthetics a Penates, ndipo chakudya chonse chinali chokonzekera patebulo laling'ono lozungulira, lomwe, ngati carousel, lalitali kotala, linali pakati pa lalikulu. Gome lozungulira lomwe odyeramo adakhalapo ndi chodulirapo silinasunthe, koma lomwe mbale (zodyera zamasamba) zinali ndi zogwirira, ndipo aliyense wa omwe analipo amatha kutembenuza pokoka chogwiriracho, ndikuyikapo chilichonse. mbale patsogolo pawo. .
Popeza panali anthu ambiri, sizikanatheka popanda chidwi: Chukovsky akufuna bowa wamchere, amanyamula pa "carousel", amakokera bowa kwa iye, ndipo panthawiyi a Futurists amayesa kubweretsa bafa lonse la sauerkraut, mokoma. owazidwa cranberries ndi lingonberries, pafupi iwo.
Gome lozungulira lodziwika bwino mu salon "Penate" likuwonetsedwa patsamba labukhuli.
Repin anakhala zaka makumi atatu otsiriza a moyo wake ku Kuokkala, yomwe panthawiyo inali ya Finland. Chukovsky anatha kukaona Repin, ndiye kale zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu, January 21, 1925, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo kuonanso nyumba yake yakale. Akunena kuti Repin mwachiwonekere akudziperekabe ku malingaliro ake osavuta: kuyambira June mpaka August amagona mu nkhunda. Chukovsky amafunsa funso "kodi ali wamasamba tsopano?" Sitikupeza yankho m'bukuli, koma gawo lotsatirali liribe chidwi ndi lingaliro ili: kale pang'ono, dokotala wina, Dr. Sternberg, yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi wapampando wa gulu la Kuindzhi, anapita ku Repin, limodzi ndi mayi wina ndi mkazi wake. Anamulimbikitsa kuti asamukire ku Soviet Union - anamulonjeza galimoto, nyumba, 250 rubles a malipiro ... Repin anakana. Monga mphatso, adamubweretsa - mu Januwale kuchokera ku Soviet Union - dengu la zipatso - mapichesi, ma tangerines, malalanje, maapulo. Repin adalawa zipatsozi, koma chifukwa chakuti iye, monga mwana wake wamkazi Vera, adawononga mimba yake panthawiyi, adawona kuti ndi koyenera kufufuza zipatsozi ku Biochemical Institute ku Helsinki. Anachita mantha kuti akufuna kumupha poyizoni ...
Kukonda zamasamba kwa Repin, monga momwe malemba omwe atchulidwa pano akusonyezera, zinali zozikidwa pa thanzi, zinali ndi "ukhondo" wolimbikitsa. Kukhwima kwa iyemwini, kukonda kwa Spartanism, kumubweretsa pafupi ndi Tolstoy. Polemba nkhani yomwe sinamalizidwe yokhudza Tolstoy, Repin amayamika kudziletsa kwa Tolstoy: "Kuyenda: atangoyenda mtunda wa 2 mailosi, thukuta kwathunthu, akutaya kavalidwe kake kosavuta, akuthamangira kudamu lozizira la mtsinje ku Yasnaya Polyana. Ndinavala osaumitsa ndekha, monga momwe madontho amadzi amagwirira mpweya - thupi limapuma pores.
Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1870, Repin mwiniyo nthawi zonse amagona ndi zenera lotseguka, pauphungu wa dokotala wachinyamata waku Moscow, ngakhale kuzizira. Komanso, iye anali, monga Tolstoy, wantchito wosatopa. Anachepetsa nthawi yake yogwira ntchito. Chukovsky akunena kuti kuwonjezera pa atelier wamkulu, Repin analinso ndi msonkhano wawung'ono, umene nthawi zambiri amapitako. Pakati pa 1 ndi 2 koloko chakudya chamasana chochepa chinaperekedwa kwa iye kudzera pawindo laling'ono pakhomo: radish, karoti, apulo ndi galasi la tiyi yemwe ankakonda kwambiri. Ndikanapita kuchipinda chodyera, nthawi zonse ndikadataya mphindi 20. Kukhala payekha patebulo lake lazamasamba kunkaonedwa kuti n’kothandiza ndi wazaka 16, Benjamin Franklin. Koma Repin anayenera kusiya mchitidwe umenewu mu 1907 pa uphungu wa dokotala, ndipo zenera linatsekedwa.
Funso la momwe chikoka cha NB Nordman pa Repin chinakhala chotsutsana kwa nthawi yayitali. I. Grabar mu 1964 adanena kuti chikoka cha Nordman sichinali chopindulitsa ndipo sichinalimbikitse ntchito ya Repin; wojambulayo akuti adayamba kutopa ndi kumuyang'anira ndipo sanakhumudwe kwambiri atamwalira mu 1914. Chodabwitsa, malinga ndi Grabar, chikadali chowona cha kuchepa koyambirira kwa ntchito ya Repin:
“M’zaka za m’ma 900, zonena zake ndi zochita zake zinayamba kukhala zachilendo, pafupifupi zachibwana. Aliyense amakumbukira chidwi cha Repin pa udzu komanso mabodza ake a "chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha munthu" ichi. <...> Anapereka mkwiyo wake wonse, chilakolako chake chonse osati kujambula, koma Natalia Borisovna. <...> kuchokera kwa wosakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, akunyoza tsankho lachipembedzo, pang'onopang'ono amasanduka munthu wachipembedzo. <...> Zomwe zinayambika ndi Nordman-Severova zinamalizidwa pambuyo pa kusintha kwa anthu othawa kwawo aku Russia ozungulira Repin <...>. Mosiyana ndi chigamulochi, IS Zilberstein analemba mu 1948 za zaka zoyambirira ku Kuokkala kuti: "Nthawi ino ya moyo wa Repin ikuyembekezerabe wofufuza, yemwe adzatsimikizira kufunika kwa Nordman m'moyo ndi ntchito ya Repin. Koma ngakhale pano tinganene kuti Repin sanapentepo kapena kupenta aliyense nthawi zambiri monga Nordman. Zithunzi zazikulu, zopangidwa ndi Repin kwa zaka zopitilira khumi ndi zitatu za moyo wawo limodzi, zikuphatikiza zithunzi zambiri zamafuta ndi mazana azithunzi. Izo zinachitika kuti mbali yokha ya zithunzi ndi zojambula zinatha mu USSR, ndi mbali sanali kwambiri.
Repin adasunga zithunzi zabwino kwambiri za Nordman ndi zojambula kuchokera kwa iye ku Penate mpaka zaka zomaliza za moyo wake. Chipinda chodyeramo nthawi zonse chinapachika chithunzi cha Nordman, chomwe chinapangidwa ndi Repin m'masabata oyambirira a bwenzi lawo, pokhala ku Tyrol mu 1900, kumene Repin, pamodzi ndi Natalya Borisovna, anakumana ku Paris.
Chithunzichi chikuwoneka pakona yakumanja kwa chithunzi cha 1915, pomwe Repin adatengedwa ndi alendo ake, pakati pawo VV Mayakovsky (onani chivundikiro cha buku). Mayakovsky ndiye analemba ndakatulo yake "Mtambo mu Pants" ku Kuokkala.
Komanso, Ki Chukovsky, amene anaonera kwambiri moyo wa Repin ndi Nordman kwa zaka zingapo (kuyambira 1906), amaona chiŵerengero cha zilembo ziwiri amphamvu m'malo zabwino. Nordman, akutero, anabweretsa dongosolo m'moyo wa Repin (makamaka, poletsa maulendo ku "Lachitatu lodziwika bwino"); kuyambira 1901 anayamba kusonkhanitsa mabuku onse okhudza ntchito yake. Ndipo Repin mwiniwakeyo adavomereza mobwerezabwereza kuti ali ndi ngongole imodzi mwazopambana zake zabwino kwambiri - zolemba za "State Council" (zolembedwa 1901-1903) ku NB, akusimba vuto limodzi muukwati wawo mu October 46 - Repin ndiye adafuna kusudzulana.