Hyperthyroidism
THEhyperthyroidism amatanthauza kuchulukitsidwa kwakukulu kwamahomoni pa gland chithokomiro, chiwalo chooneka ngati gulugufe chomwe chili m'munsi mwa khosi, pansi pa apulo wa Adamu (onani chithunzi). Si a kutupa chithokomiro, monga nthawi zina amakhulupirira.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba mwa akuluakulu azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 40. Komabe, amatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, ndipo amawonekeranso mwa ana ndi okalamba. Ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa hypothyroidism.
Mphamvu ya gland chithokomiro pa thupi ndi yaikulu: ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kulamulira kagayidwe ka maselo a thupi lathu. Choncho imatsimikizira kuthamanga kwa "injini" ya maselo ndi ziwalo zathu ndi mlingo umene "mafuta" adzagwiritsidwa ntchito: lipids (mafuta), mapuloteni ndi chakudya (shuga). Mu anthu mu hyperthyroidism, injini imayenda mothamanga kwambiri. Akhoza kumanjenjemera, kusuntha matumbo pafupipafupi, kugwedezeka ndi kuchepa thupi, mwachitsanzo.
Basic kagayidwe Popuma, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti likhale logwira ntchito: kuyendayenda kwa magazi, ubongo, kupuma, chimbudzi, kusunga kutentha kwa thupi, ndi zina zotero. Izi zimatchedwa basal metabolism, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula, kulemera, zaka, kugonana ndi ntchito za munthuyo. chithokomiro England. |
Zimayambitsa
Zomwe zimayambitsa
- Matenda a manda (kapena by Manda). Ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha hyperthyroidism (pafupifupi 90% ya milandu7). Ichi ndi matenda a autoimmune: ma antibodies amawonjezera chithokomiro kuti apange mahomoni ambiri. Matendawa nthawi zina amakhudzanso minofu ina, monga maso. Matendawa amakhudza pafupifupi 1% ya anthu ku Canada7.
- Mitundu ya chithokomiro. Manodule ndi tinthu tating'ono tomwe timapanga m'chithokomiro, payekha kapena m'magulu (onani tsamba lathu la Thyroid Nodule). Sikuti timadontho tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa mahomoni, koma omwe amachita (otchedwa "poizoni") angayambitse hyperthyroidism.
- matenda a chithokomiro. Ngati kutupa kumakhudza chithokomiro, kungayambitsenso mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa kutupa sichidziwika. Zitha kukhala zopatsirana mwachilengedwe kapena zimachitika pambuyo pa mimba. Kawirikawiri, chithokomiro chimayambitsa hyperthyroidism yaifupi, ndipo chithokomiro chimabwerera kuntchito yachibadwa pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo, popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Mankhwala angathandize kuthetsa zizindikiro pamene mukudikirira kuti matendawa adutse. Matenda a chithokomiro amakula hypothyroidism okhazikika pafupifupi 1 mwa 10 milandu.
Zindikirani. ena Mankhwala, monga olemera mu ayodini, kungayambitse hyperthyroidism kwakanthawi. Izi ndizochitika, mwachitsanzo, ndi amiodarone, yoperekedwa pazochitika zina za mtima wa arrhythmia, ndi mankhwala osiyanitsa ayodini nthawi zina amabayidwa panthawi ya radiology.
Zovuta zotheka
Thehyperthyroidism zimayambitsa a imathandizira kagayidwe, chifukwa chake ndalama zowonjezera mphamvu. M'kupita kwa nthawi, hyperthyroidism yosachiritsika imawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda osteoporosis chifukwa kuyamwa kwa calcium m'mafupa kumakhudzidwa. Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi mtundu wa mtima arrhythmia wotchedwa matenda opweteka imawonjezeranso.
Kusathandizidwa kwakukulu kwa hyperthyroidism kungayambitse thyreotoxic mavuto. Pakuukira kotereku, zizindikiro zonse za hyperthyroidism zimakumana ndipo zimawonetsedwa pachimake, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zazikulu, monga kulephera kwa mtima kapena chikomokere. Munthuyo amasokonezeka ndipo amanjenjemera. Izi zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.
matenda
The zizindikiro hyperthyroidism ikhoza kukhala yobisika, makamaka kwa okalamba. Chimodzi chokha kusanthula magazi (onani bokosi pansipa) kusonyeza kutsika kwa ma hormone a TSH komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (T4 ndi T3) kudzatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani. Kuyamba kwa zizindikiro zomwe zili pansipa ziyenera kukulimbikitsani kuti mupite kuchipatala kuti mudziwe bwinobwino.
TSH, mahomoni a chithokomiro T3 ndi T4 ndi Co 2 zazikulu mahomoni yolembedwa ndi chithokomiro ndi T3 (triiodothyronine) ndi T4 (tetra-iodothyronine kapena thyroxine). Onsewa akuphatikizapo mawu oti "iodo" chifukwaayodini ndizofunikira pakupanga kwawo. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni opangidwa kumadalira ma glands ena. Ndi hypothalamus yomwe imayang'anira pituitary gland kupanga timadzi ta TSH (ya chithokomiro chomwe chimayambitsa hormone). Komanso timadzi ta TSH timachititsa kuti chithokomiro chizitulutsa timadzi tambirimbiri. Mutha kuzindikira chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito kapena chithokomiro mwa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa TSH m'magazi. Ngati 'hypothyroidism, mlingo wa TSH ndi wokwera chifukwa pituitary gland imayankha kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (T4 ndi T3) potulutsa TSH yambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, gland ya pituitary imayesa kulimbikitsa chithokomiro kuti apange mahomoni ambiri. Munthawi yahyperthyroidism (pamene pali timadzi tambiri ta chithokomiro) zotsalira zimachitika: mlingo wa TSH umakhala wochepa chifukwa pituitary gland imawona mahomoni a chithokomiro ochulukirapo m'magazi ndipo amasiya kutulutsa chithokomiro. Ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa vuto la chithokomiro, milingo ya TSH nthawi zambiri imakhala yachilendo.
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