Zamkatimu
Pali mitundu yopitilira 2500 ya mizere, yomwe yambiri ndi yodyedwa kapena yodyedwa, ndipo gawo laling'ono lokha ndilowopsa. Mmodzi mwa bowawa ndi mzere wachikasu wa sulfure, womwe udzakambidwe m'nkhaniyi.
Malingaliro a akatswiri a mycologists okhudza bowa wamizere ya sulfure-yellow amasiyana kwambiri. Ena amaona kuti ndi poizoni, ena sangadye. M'dziko Lathu, bowa uyu amatchulidwa ngati mtundu wapoizoni, womwe uli ndi kawopsedwe kochepa. Komabe, m'pofunika kunena kuti m'mabuku ambiri omwe amatchulidwa kuti azindikire ndi kufotokoza matupi a fruiting, mzere wa sulfure wachikasu umatengedwa kuti ndi wosadyeka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, magwero ena amasonyeza kuti bowa ndi wakupha, ngakhale kuti sapha. Choyipa kwambiri chomwe chingachitike podya thupi la fruiting ndi poizoni wochepa ngati matumbo akukhumudwa, popanda zotsatira zakupha.
Mzere wonyenga wa sulufule umamera m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zobiriwira, nthawi zambiri panthaka, nthawi zina pamitengo yakugwa ndi zitsa zomwe zimakutidwa ndi moss.
Fruiting wa bowa akuyamba m'ma August ndi kumapitirira mpaka woyamba chisanu.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira! Popeza kufotokozera kwa woyimilira wapoizoni wa banja wamba ndikofanana kwambiri ndi kufotokozera kwa greenfinch yodyedwa, kuyenera kusonkhanitsidwa ndi omwe amatha kusiyanitsa molondola choyimira chodyedwa ndi chosadyedwa. Choncho, ngati simukudziwa kuti ndi bowa wotani womwe uli patsogolo panu, musayese kuudula. Kukhala osamala pankhaniyi kudzakuthandizani kupeŵa zotsatira zosasangalatsa zomwe kugwirizanitsa zabodza kungayambitse.
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Bowa akupalasa sulfure-chikasu: chithunzi ndi kufotokoza
Kuti muwunikenso, tikukupatsani kuti muwone tsatanetsatane wa mzere wachikasu wa sulfure ndi zithunzi.
Dzina lachi Latin: Tricholoma sulphureum.
Banja: Wamba.
Mafanowo: kupalasa sulfure, kupalasa sulufule zabodza.
[»»]Ali ndi: m'mimba mwake amasiyana 3 mpaka 8 cm, toyesa ena kufika 10 cm. Poyamba, gawo ili la thupi la fruiting limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a convex kapena hemispherical. Ndi zaka, kapu imakhala plano-convex ndi kuvutika maganizo pakatikati. Pamwamba pa kapu imakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wa sulfure, womwe pamapeto pake umakhala ndi utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi ulusi womveka bwino. Kukhudza - velvety, ndipo nyengo yamvula - yoterera. Izi zikuwonetsedwa bwino pa chithunzi cha mzere wachikasu wa sulfure womwe watengedwa mvula itatha:
Mwendo: kutalika kumasiyana kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 12 cm, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi 0,5 mpaka 2 cm. Nthawi zina zimakhala ndi makulidwe kumtunda, kapena mosiyana - kupatulira. Mtundu wa tsinde pansi pa zisoti ndi wonyezimira wachikasu, kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi umakhala wachikasu-sulfure. Pa msinkhu wokhwima, ulusi wautali wa monochromatic kapena wakuda umawoneka pamwamba. Miyendo ya zitsanzo zakale imakhala yopindika ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yophimbidwa ndi mamba a bulauni.
[»»]Zamkati: mtundu ukhoza kukhala wachikasu wa sulfure kapena wobiriwira. Mtundu wotsiriza wa mtundu umapangitsa kuti mzere wonyenga wa sulfure umasokonezeka ndi greenfinch - bowa wodyedwa. Kununkhira kwa zamkati kumakhala kosasangalatsa, kukumbukira kununkhira kwa acetylene kapena phula, nthawi zina hydrogen sulfide kapena gasi wowunikira. Mzere wa sulfure-chikasu mzere uli ndi kukoma kowawa.
Mbiri: omatira ku tsinde ndi notched, ndi m'mphepete mosagwirizana. Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa kupalasa mbale zake zachikasu za sulfure, ndizosowa, zokhuthala komanso zazikulu. Amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wa sulfure, wokhala ndi m'mphepete mwamtundu womwewo.
Mikangano: zoyera, zooneka ngati amondi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakhazikika.
ntchito: sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, chifukwa amaonedwa kuti ndi bowa wosadyeka.
Kukwanira: bowa wosadyedwa kapena wapoizoni wokhala ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono komwe angayambitse chiphe cha m'mimba pang'ono. Monga tanenera kale, kupalasa kwamtunduwu kumakhala ndi fungo lopweteka lomwe limakumbutsa fungo la hydrogen sulfide, komanso kukoma kowawa kowawa.
Zofanana ndi zosiyana: nthawi zambiri zipatso zamtundu uwu zimasokonezedwa ndi mizere yodyera - yokha, imvi, imvi ndi yofiira. Samalani chithunzi cha mzere wonyenga wa sulfure kuti zikhale zosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina. Nthawi zina kupalasa kumatha kusokonezedwa ndi greenfinch, koma ndi yayikulu kwambiri kukula kwake, yokhala ndi mbale zokhazikika komanso thupi loyera kapena lachikasu.
Kufalitsa: nthawi zambiri amakonda nkhalango zobiriwira, zosakanikirana komanso za coniferous. Imakula m'magulu kapena mizere, yofanana ndi "mabwalo a mfiti", pamtunda wolemera wa miyala yamchere ndi mchenga. Nthawi zambiri amapanga mycorrhiza ndi beech, thundu, pang'ono pang'ono ndi fir ndi paini. Kupalasa kwa sulufule-chikasu kumapezeka nthawi zambiri m'mphepete mwa misewu, m'malo apaki komanso m'nyumba zazing'ono zachilimwe.
Kupalasa sulufule ndikofala m'Dziko Lathu ndi ku Europe - kuchokera ku Mediterranean mpaka ku Arctic latitudes.
Zipatso: Bowa wa rowan wa sulfure-yellow amayamba kubereka mu Ogasiti ndipo amatha mu Okutobala.
Zizindikiro za poyizoni ndi inedible sulfure-chikasu mzere
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti zizindikiro za poizoni mukamagwiritsa ntchito mzere wosadyeka wa sulfure-wachikasu sizosiyana ndi zizindikiro zapoizoni ndi mitundu ina yapoizoni ya bowa. Zizindikiro zoyamba zimazindikirika pakatha mphindi 40 kapena maola 2-3 otsatira. Kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kufooka, kupweteka mutu kumayamba, ndiye nseru ndi kusanza zimatha kuchitika. Pokhapokha ndikupita kwa dokotala panthawi yake, zizindikiro zonse zimadutsa mofulumira ndipo mukhoza kuyembekezera kuchira kwathunthu popanda zovuta.
Tsopano, podziwa kufotokozera ndendende ndikuyang'ana chithunzi cha bowa wa sulfure-chikasu mzere, mukhoza kupita ku nkhalango ku bowa. Komabe, ngakhale ndi chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza woimira wosadyeka uyu, khalani osamala komanso osamala. Ndiye kutola bowa sikungawononge thanzi lanu, ndipo kuyenda m'nkhalango kudzangosiya ziwonetsero zabwino zokha.