The intestinal flora, yomwe imatchedwanso intestinal microflora kapena intestinal microbiota, ndi gulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timakhala m'matumbo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti timagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugaya chakudya ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Momwemonso, kusalinganika kwa zomera za m'mimba kungakhale ndi zotsatira zovulaza.

Kodi matumbo a m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo a microbiota ndi chiyani?

Zomera zam'mimba, zomwe zimatchedwanso intestinal microbiota, zimayimira gulu la tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka m'matumbo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti timati ndi commensal, kutanthauza kuti tikukhalamo symbiosis ndi thupi la munthu. Sali oyambitsa matenda ndipo amathandizira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera.

Kodi matumbo a microbiota amapangidwa bwanji?

Matenda a m'matumbo omwe kale ankatchedwa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a m'mimba chifukwa kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti amapangidwa ndi mabakiteriya okha. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi, tsopano zadziwika kuti zomera za m'mimba zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuphatikizapo:

• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya ;
• mavairasi ;
• yisiti ;
• Bowa ;
• protozoa.

Ntchito ya intestinal microbiota podutsa

Kafukufuku wambiri watsimikizira mbali yofunika ya zomera za m'mimba podutsa m'mimba. Kusalinganika kwa matumbo a microbiota kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha vuto la kugaya chakudya.

Ntchito ya zomera za m'mimba mu chimbudzi

Zomera za m'mimba zimathandizira kuti chakudya cham'mimba chigayidwe, potenga nawo gawo makamaka:

• kuwonongeka kwa zotsalira zina za chakudya kuphatikizapo ulusi wina wa masamba;
• hydrolysis ya zakudya za lipids ;
• kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ena ;
• kuyamwa kwa michere ;
• kaphatikizidwe ka mavitamini ena.

Kufunika kwa zomera za m'mimba kuteteza zamoyo

Intestinal microbiota imatenga nawo gawo pachitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta m'matumbo timagwira ntchito makamaka pa:

• kupewa kuyika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ;
• kuchepetsa matenda opatsirana ;
• kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Maudindo ena omwe angakhalepo akuphunziridwa za zomera za m'mimba

Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti palinso mgwirizano pakati pa ubongo ndi matumbo a microbiota. Kusalinganika kwa zomera za m'mimba kungakhudze makamaka chidziwitso chotumizidwa ku dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha.

Dysbiosis ndi chiyani

Dysbiosis imafanana ndi a Kusamvana bwino kwa m'mimba. Izi zitha kuwonetsedwa makamaka ndi:

• kusalinganiza pakati pa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, makamaka pakati pa anti-inflammatory agents ndi anti-inflammatory agents;
• kuchulukira kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono monga enterobacteria kapena fusobacteria;
• kuchepa kapena kusapezeka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono monga mabakiteriya Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.

Kodi chiopsezo cha zovuta ndi chiyani?

Kafukufuku wokhudza zomera za m'mimba amasonyeza kuti dysbiosis ikhoza kutenga nawo mbali pakukula kwa matenda ena kuphatikizapo:

• Matenda opatsirana otupa (IBD), monga matenda a Crohn kapena ulcerative colitis, omwe amadziwika ndi kuperewera kwa chitetezo cha mthupi mkati mwa matumbo;
• matenda amadzimadzi, monga mtundu wa 2 shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito;
• le khansa colorectal, pamene chotupa chakula m’matumbo;
• matenda ena a minyewa, chifukwa cha kugwirizana pakati pa gut microbiota ndi ubongo.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingayambitse dysbiosis?

Kusalinganizika kwa zomera za m'mimba kumatha kuyanjidwa ndi zinthu zina monga:

• kudya kosakwanira;
• kumwa mankhwala ena;
• nkhawa.

Njira zodzitetezera posamalira zomera za m'mimba

Ndizotheka kupewa dysbiosis mwa kuchepetsa zinthu zoopsa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kutengera zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso kuchepetsa zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa komanso nkhawa.

Zakudya zowonjezera kuti mubwezeretse zomera za m'mimba

Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zowonjezera nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa kuti mwachibadwa kubwezeretsanso zomera za m'mimba. Kuchuluka kwa intestinal microbiota kumatha kusungidwa chifukwa:

• probiotics, omwe ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timathandiza kuti tizirombo ta m'mimba;
• prebiotics, zomwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kugwira ntchito kwa mabakiteriya m'matumbo a m'mimba;
• symbiotics, omwe ndi osakaniza a prebiotics ndi probiotics.

Kusintha kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Pazovuta kwambiri, kuyika kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta m'mimba kumatha kuganiziridwa.

Mayeso oyambilira: kuwunika zolembera zina

Kusanthula kwamaluwa a m'mimba nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kukayikira panthawi ya a kuyesa mwakuthupi. Pakakhala kukayikira pakuyezetsa uku, katswiri wazachipatala atha kupempha kuwunika kowonjezera. The kuyeza kwa zolembera zamoyo zina zitha kuchitika makamaka. Kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zina zotupa kumatha mwachitsanzo kufunidwa kuti zitsimikizire kukula kwa matenda otupa a m'matumbo (IBD).

Coproculture: kufufuza zamaluwa mu chopondapo

Coproculture ndi a bacteriological kufufuza kwa chopondapo. Ngakhale kusanthula uku sikumapereka mawonekedwe enieni a m'mimba, chikhalidwe cha matumbo chimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira kuti chiwongolere kapena kutsimikizira matenda.

Kusanthula kwa bacteriological uku kungagwirizane ndi a parasitological test of the stool (EPS) kuti muwone ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Endosco? Kudya kwa chitumbuwa: kusanthula kosavutikira kwa zomera zam'mimba

Digestive endoscopy, yomwe imatchedwanso digestive fibroscopy, ikhoza:

• kuona m'kati mwa m'mimba kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa zotupa;
• kuchita biopsy kusanthula minyewa ndi kapangidwe ka m'matumbo.

Kupita patsogolo kwa njira yowunikira yosasokoneza?

Ngati endoscopy ndi njira yowonongeka, posakhalitsa zingatheke kusanthula zomera za m'mimba mofanana ndi kuyesa magazi. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma DNA microarrays.

Kulemera kwa zomera za m'mimba

Malinga ndi ochita kafukufuku, pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pakati pa thililiyoni ndi XNUMX biliyoni m'matumbo a m'mimba. Motero amakhala ochuluka kuŵirikiza kakhumi kuposa maselo onse amene ali m’thupi la munthu.

Vuto ndi lapadera la m'matumbo microbiota

Gut microbiota ndi chilengedwe chovuta komanso chapadera. Ndi mitundu pafupifupi 200 ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mawonekedwe ake enieni amadalira munthu aliyense. Maluwa a m'mimba amapangidwa kuyambira kubadwa ndipo amasinthika pakapita zaka kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza chibadwa, zakudya komanso chilengedwe.

Zoyembekeza zolonjeza

Ntchito yomwe ikuchitika pamaluwa a m'mimba imatsegula mwayi wochiritsa. Kufufuza mozama za zomera za m'mimba kungayambitse chitukuko cha mankhwala atsopano, omwe amatha kukhala payekha malinga ndi mbiri ya m'matumbo a munthu aliyense.