"Mlingo wa katemera wa chimfine nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwera kwambiri," atero a Hélène Gingras, wolankhulira Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi Zaumoyo ku Quebec. Pamene mitundu ya katemera ndi yomwe imazungulira ikugwirizana bwino, mphamvu ya 70% mpaka 90% imatheka. Ndipotu, mu 2007, mitundu iwiri ya katemera sinafanane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a fuluwenza. Makamaka, mtundu wa B wa katemera unapezeka kuti sukugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mtundu wa B womwe ukuzungulira.¹.

"Ngakhale zonse, ngakhale ntchitoyo siikwanira, katemera amakhalabe chitetezo chabwino kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo," akuumiriza Hélène Gingras. Ngakhale tikudziwa kuti anthu okalamba, mwachitsanzo, samayankha bwino pa katemera monga achinyamata omwe chitetezo chawo cha mthupi chimagwira ntchito bwino. Zachidziwikire, njira zaukhondo monga kusamba m'manja ndi mayendedwe opumira ndizofunikira kwambiri, amakumbukira. "Koma ngakhale katemera saletsa munthu wokalamba kudwala chimfine nthawi zonse, amachepetsa kuopsa kwake komanso zovuta zake. Zimachepetsanso chiwerengero cha imfa. Chimfine chimayambitsa kufa kwa 1 mpaka 000 ku Quebec chaka chilichonse, makamaka pakati pa okalamba. “

Mpaka posachedwapa, kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha chimfine kwa okalamba kunali 50% ndi kuchepa kwa zipatala ndi 30%, zotsatira zabwino kwambiri za thanzi la anthu. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, ochita kafukufuku adakayikira zotsatira za maphunziro owongolera milandu omwe adapangitsa kuti izi zichepetse: zotsatirazi zitha kusokonezedwa ndi chinthu chosokoneza chomwe chimatchedwa "healthy patient effect" (zotsatira zathanzi)wogwiritsa ntchito wathanzi)^2-8 .

Sumit R. Majumdar, dokotala ndi pulofesa wothandizira mu Dipatimenti ya Public Health Sciences pa 'University of Alberta ku Edmonton anati: Ngakhale okalamba ofooka omwe amavutika kuyendayenda amakhala ndi mwayi wosapeza katemera. “

Ngati zinthuzi sizikuganiziridwa pakuwunika ziwerengero, zotsatira zake zimakhala zokondera, malinga ndi D^r Majumdar. “Anthu osatemera amatha kugonekedwa m’chipatala kapena kufa ndi chimfine, osati chifukwa chakuti sanatemere, koma chifukwa chakuti poyamba thanzi lawo limakhala lofooka,” akufotokoza motero.

Kafukufuku waku Canada wowongolera milandu motsogozedwa ndi Dr.^r Majumdar ndipo idasindikizidwa mu Seputembara 2008 idaganiziranso chinthu chofunikira chosokoneza ichi⁸, monganso kafukufuku wofanana ndi womwewo womwe unachitika ku United States ndi kufalitsidwa mu August 2008⁷. Gulu la Canada linayang'ana mbiri yaumoyo wa anthu okalamba a 704 omwe adaloledwa kuzipatala zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi chibayo, vuto lalikulu komanso loopsa la chimfine. Theka la iwo analandira katemera, ndipo theka lina analibe.

Chotulukapo: “Kafukufuku wathu akusonyeza kuti chenicheni cholandira katemera kapena kusalandira katemera sichimakhudza chiŵerengero cha imfa za anthu ogonekedwa m’chipatala ndi chibayo,” anatero D.^r Majumbar. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti anthuwa sayenera kulandira katemera. M’malo mwake, zikutanthauza kuti sitikuchita mokwanira kuchepetsa chimfine m’njira zina. Mwachitsanzo, palibe kutsatsa kokwanira kwa thanzi la anthu okhudza kusamba m'manja, muyeso womwe uli ndi umboni wamphamvu kwambiri wothandiza. “

Kafukufuku waku US, wofalitsidwa mu Ogasiti 2008, adayang'ana odwala ambiri ndikuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa chibayo mwa okalamba omwe ali ndi katemera komanso opanda katemera.⁷. Chigamulochi ndi chimodzimodzi: kuwombera chimfine sikuthandiza kwambiri popewa chibayo, chomwe ndi vuto lalikulu la chimfine.

Zotsatira za maphunziro awiriwa sizimadabwitsa D^re Maryse Guay, mlangizi wazachipatala ku Institut de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ)⁹. "Zadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali kuti katemerayu sagwira ntchito bwino kwa okalamba, koma, pakadali pano, maphunziro awiriwa ndi osakwanira poyerekeza ndi zonse zabwino zomwe tapeza zokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya katemera. katemera,” akufotokoza motero. Amanenanso, mwa zina, kuti m'maphunziro onsewa, anthu omwe amawerengedwa amakhala achindunji komanso kuti kafukufuku waku Canada adachitika kunja kwa nthawi ya chimfine. "Komabe, nthawi zonse timakhala akuyang'ana ndikuwunika zonse zomwe zimasindikizidwa pankhaniyi. Choyipa chachikulu, timatemera pachabe, koma katemerayu, poyerekeza ndi ena, ndiotsika mtengo ndipo tikudziwa kuti ndi othandiza kwa anthu athanzi, ”adawonjezera.

"Musanawononge ndalama zambiri kuti muwonjezere chithandizo cha katemera kwa okalamba, ndikofunikira kuchita maphunziro azachipatala oyendetsedwa ndi placebo kuti mukhale ndi lingaliro lenileni la kuchuluka kwa katemerayu, komabe akutero Dr.^r Majumdar. Pakadali pano, kafukufuku umodzi wokha wamtunduwu wachitika, zaka 15 zapitazo, ku Netherlands: ofufuzawo adawona kuti katemerayu sanagwire ntchito. Timafunikira umboni wamphamvu wachipatala. “

"Zidziwitso zachipatala ndi zakale, akuvomereza D^re Guay. Komabe, popeza tili ndi malingaliro oti katemerayu ndi wothandiza, kafukufukuyu sachitika chifukwa sikungakhale koyenera kupereka placebo. Kuonjezera apo, kuchita mayesero achipatala pa katemera wa chimfine ndizovuta kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa mitundu ya katemera imasiyanasiyana chaka chilichonse ndipo sitingakhale otsimikiza kuti adzateteza kwa omwe akuzungulira. “

Ana ndi amene amafalitsa fuluwenza. Zizindikiro zawo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi za akuluakulu, kotero makolo samasamala kwambiri za iwo. Zotsatira: ana sali olekanitsidwa ndi presto! amayi agwira ndipo mwinanso agogo, amene amakhala m'nyumba. Sizitenga zambiri kuti ziyambitse kufalikira kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha zovuta.

D^r Majumbar akugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Japan kusonyeza kuti katemera wa ana ayenera kulimbikitsidwa. M'dziko lino, kumene kunali pulogalamu yapadziko lonse ya katemera wa ana kusukulu, chiwerengero cha chimfine chinawonjezeka pakati pa okalamba pamene muyesowu unasiyidwa. “Chotero n’kofunika kuti ana onse ndiponso anthu ozungulira okalamba alandire katemera,” akutero. Pamene chitetezo chawo cha mthupi chimayankhira bwino katemera kuposa cha akuluakulu, katemera amawateteza bwino. Ngati satenga chimfine, sangapatsire. “

Mkhalidwe waku Japan sungathe kupitilira ku Quebec kapena Canada, mthunzi D^re Guay: “Ku Japan, ana ndi agogo amakhala ogwirizana kwambiri ndipo nthaŵi zambiri amakhala m’nyumba imodzi, zimene sizili choncho kuno. Pazaka zingapo zapitazi, takambirana za kufunika kopereka katemerayu kwa ana onse ku Quebec, koma sitikukwanitsa kale kufikira anthu omwe tikuwafunira, makamaka anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo komanso ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo. “

D^re Guay akufotokoza momwe zinthu zilili ku Ontario, yomwe yapereka pulogalamu ya katemera wa chimfine padziko lonse kuyambira 2000. Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo, zimapeza kuti zotsatira za muyesowu ndizosakwanira kuchepetsa kufala, mosiyana ndi zomwe zinachitika ku Japan. "Ku United States, zaumoyo wa anthu wangoganiza kuti katemera wa chimfine pachaka akulimbikitsidwa kwa ana a miyezi 6 mpaka 18. Timayang'ana zomwe zikuchitika kwina ndikudikirira kuti tiwone zotsatira zake tisanapange zisankho. Tagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi pamatemera angapo ndipo mpaka pano yakhala yothandiza kwambiri kwa ife, ”akutero D^re Kuli

Pulogalamu ya katemera waulere ku Quebec imayang'ana magulu angapo a anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha zovuta za chimfine, komanso anthu onse owazungulira chifukwa amakhala nawo kapena chifukwa amagwira nawo ntchito. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi:

- anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitirira;

- ana a miyezi 6 mpaka 23;

- anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha.

• Onani tsamba lathu lofotokoza za chimfine kuti mudziwe momwe mungapewere ndi kuchiza.
• Tsatanetsatane wa chimfine chowombera: mayina azinthu pamsika ku Quebec, kapangidwe kake, zisonyezo, ndandanda, mphamvu, ndi zina.

  Quebec Immunization Protocol, Chaputala 11 - Katemera wolimbana ndi chimfine ndi pneumococcus, Santé et Services sociaux Québec. [Chikalata cha PDF chofunsidwa pa Seputembara 29, 2008] publications.msss.gouv.qc.ca

• Mayankho a mafunso 18 okhudza chimfine

  Fuluwenza (chimfine) - Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi, Santé et Services sociaux Québec. [Idafikira pa Seputembara 29, 2008] www.msss.gouv.qc.ca

• Gome lofananiza la zizindikiro za chimfine ndi chimfine

  Ndi chimfine kapena chimfine? Canadian Coalition for Immunization Awareness and Promotion. [Chikalata cha PDF chofikira pa Seputembara 29, 2008] resources.cpha.ca