Chidziwitso cha mkazi uyu chidakali chotsutsana m'malo asayansi ndi osagwirizana ndi sayansi. Mahatma Gandhi adanong'oneza bondo kuti sanathe kukhudza m'mphepete mwa zovala zake, Roerich adapereka chithunzicho "Mthenga" kwa iye. Winawake ankamuona ngati wonyenga, mlaliki wa Chisatana, akumagogomezera kuti nthanthi ya ukulu wa mafuko inabwerekedwa ndi Hitler kuchokera ku nthanthi ya mafuko a eni eni, ndipo misonkhano imene iye anachita inali yongopeka chabe. Mabuku ake onse adasilira ndikutchedwa frank compilation ndi plagiarism, momwe ziphunzitso zonse zapadziko lapansi zimasakanizidwa.
Komabe, mpaka pano, ntchito za Helena Blavatsky zasindikizidwa bwino ndikumasuliridwa m'zinenero zambiri zakunja, kupeza mafani atsopano ndi otsutsa.
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky anabadwira m'banja lodabwitsa: kwa amayi ake, wolemba mabuku wotchuka Elena Gan (Fadeeva), yemwe ankatchedwa "Russian George Sand", banja lake linali logwirizana ndi Rurik lodziwika bwino, ndipo bambo ake adachokera ku banja la anthu owerengeka. Macklenburg Gan (Chijeremani: Hann). Agogo a agogo a tsogolo la theosophy, Elena Pavlovna, anali wosunga zachilendo kwambiri pamoto - ankadziwa zilankhulo zisanu, ankakonda numismatics, anaphunzira zachinsinsi za Kum'mawa, ndipo analemberana ndi wasayansi wa ku Germany A. Humboldt.
Lena Gan wamng'ono anasonyeza luso lodabwitsa la kuphunzitsa, monga momwe msuweni wake ananenera, mtsogoleri wa dziko la Russia S.Yu. Witte, adazindikira chilichonse pa ntchentche, adachita bwino kwambiri pophunzira Chijeremani ndi nyimbo.
Komabe, mtsikanayo anavutika ndi kugona, analumpha pakati pa usiku, anayendayenda m'nyumba, kuimba nyimbo. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya abambo, banja la Gan nthawi zambiri limayenera kusamuka, ndipo amayi analibe nthawi yokwanira yosamalira ana onse, kotero Elena anatsanzira matenda a khunyu, akugudubuzika pansi, akufuula maulosi osiyanasiyana momveka bwino. wantchito wamantha anabweretsa wansembe kutulutsa ziwanda. Pambuyo pake, zokondweretsa zaubwana izi zidzatanthauziridwa ndi omwe amamukonda monga umboni wachindunji wa luso lake lamatsenga.
Kumwalira, amayi a Elena Petrovna ananena mosapita m'mbali kuti anali wokondwa kuti sakanayenera kuyang'ana zowawa za Lena osati moyo wachikazi.
Mayi atamwalira, anawo anatengedwa kupita ku Saratov ndi makolo a mayi ake, Fadeevs. Kumeneko, kusintha kwakukulu kunachitika kwa Lena: msungwana wokonda kwambiri komanso womasuka, yemwe ankakonda mpira ndi zochitika zina, anakhala maola ambiri mu laibulale ya agogo ake Elena Pavlovna Fadeeva, wosonkhanitsa mabuku. Kumeneko n’kumene anayamba kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi sayansi ya zamatsenga ndi zochita za anthu akum’maŵa.
Mu 1848, Elena analowa m'banja lopeka ndi wachiwiri kwa bwanamkubwa wa Yerevan, Nikifor Blavatsky, kuti adziyimire yekha kwa achibale ake okhumudwitsa a Saratov. Patatha miyezi itatu chikwati, iye anathawira Odessa ndi Kerch kuti Constantinople.
Palibe amene angafotokoze molondola nthawi yotsatira - Blavatsky sanasunge zolemba, ndipo zokumbukira zake zapaulendo zimasokonekera komanso ngati nthano zosangalatsa kuposa chowonadi.
Poyamba iye anachita monga wokwera mu maseŵera a Constantinople, koma atathyola mkono wake, iye anachoka m'bwalomo ndi kupita ku Egypt. Kenako anadutsa Greece, Asia Minor, anayesa kangapo kukafika ku Tibet, koma sanapite patsogolo kuposa India. Kenako amabwera ku Europe, amachita ngati woyimba piyano ku Paris ndipo patapita kanthawi amatha ku London, komwe amamupangitsa kuti ayambenso pa siteji. Palibe m'modzi mwa achibale ake amene ankadziwa kumene iye anali, koma malinga ndi kukumbukira kwa wachibale NA Fadeeva, bambo ake ankamutumizira ndalama nthawi zonse.
Ku Hyde Park, London, pa tsiku lake lobadwa mu 1851, Helena Blavatsky adawona yemwe nthawi zonse amawonekera m'maloto ake - mkulu wake El Morya.
Mahatma El Morya, monga Blavatsky adanenera pambuyo pake, anali mphunzitsi wa Ageless Wisdom, ndipo nthawi zambiri ankamulota kuyambira ali mwana. Nthawi ino, Mahatma Morya adamuyitana kuti achitepo kanthu, chifukwa Elena ali ndi ntchito yayikulu - kubweretsa Chiyambi Chauzimu Chachikulu padziko lapansi.
Amapita ku Canada, amakhala ndi mbadwa, koma akazi a fuko atamubera nsapato, amakhumudwa ndi Amwenye ndikupita ku Mexico, ndiyeno - mu 1852 - akuyamba ulendo wake kudutsa India. Njirayo inasonyezedwa kwa iye ndi Guru Morya, ndipo iye, malinga ndi zolemba za Blavatsky, adamutumizira ndalama. (Komabe, NA Fadeeva yemweyo akuti achibale omwe adatsalira ku Russia amayenera kumutumizira ndalama mwezi uliwonse kuti apeze ndalama).
Elena akukhala zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri zotsatira ku Tibet, kumene amaphunzira zamatsenga. Kenako amabwerera ku London ndipo mwadzidzidzi amatchuka ngati woyimba piyano. Msonkhano wina ndi Guru wake umachitika ndipo amapita ku USA.
Pambuyo pa USA, ulendo watsopano umayamba: kudutsa m'mapiri a Rocky kupita ku San Francisco, kenako Japan, Siam ndipo, potsiriza, Calcutta. Kenako aganiza zobwerera ku Russia, amayenda mozungulira Caucasus, kenako kudzera ku Balkan, Hungary, kenako amabwerera ku St. Petersburg ndipo, kugwiritsa ntchito kufunika kwa seances, bwino amawachititsa, atalandira kutchuka kwa sing'anga.
Komabe, ofufuza ena amakayikira kwambiri za zaka khumi zaulendowu. Malinga ndi LS Klein, katswiri wofukula za m’mabwinja ndi wa anthu, zaka khumi zonsezi wakhala akukhala ndi achibale ku Odessa.
Mu 1863, ulendo wina wa zaka khumi unayamba. Nthawi ino m'mayiko achiarabu. Kupulumuka mozizwitsa mumphepo yamkuntho kuchokera ku gombe la Egypt, Blavatsky akutsegula Gulu loyamba lauzimu ku Cairo. Kenaka, atabisala ngati munthu, amamenyana ndi zigawenga za Garibaldi, koma atavulazidwa kwambiri, amapitanso ku Tibet.
Zimakhala zovuta kunena ngati Blavatsky adakhala mkazi woyamba, komanso mlendo, yemwe adayendera Lhasa., komabe, zimadziwika kuti amadziwa bwino Panche-lamu VII ndi malemba opatulika amene anaphunzira kwa zaka zitatu anaphatikizidwa mu ntchito yake "Voice of Silence". Blavatsky mwiniwake adanena kuti kunali ku Tibet komwe adayambitsa.
Kuyambira m'ma 1870, Blavatsky anayamba ntchito yake yaumesiya. Ku USA, amadzizungulira ndi anthu omwe amakonda kwambiri zamizimu, akulemba buku lakuti "Kuchokera kumapanga ndi nkhalango za Hindustan", momwe amadziwonetsera yekha kuchokera kumbali yosiyana - monga wolemba waluso. Bukuli linali ndi zojambula zamayendedwe ake ku India ndipo lidasindikizidwa pansi pa dzina loti Radda-Bai. Zina mwazolemba zinasindikizidwa ku Moskovskie Vedomosti, zinali zopambana kwambiri.
Mu 1875, Blavatsky analemba limodzi mwa mabuku ake otchuka kwambiri, Isis Unveiled , momwe amaphwanya ndi kutsutsa sayansi ndi chipembedzo, akutsutsa kuti ndi chithandizo chachinsinsi chokha chomwe munthu angamvetse tanthauzo la zinthu ndi choonadi cha kukhalapo. Kufalitsidwa kunagulitsidwa m'masiku khumi. Gulu lowerenga linagawanika. Ena anadabwitsidwa ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro akuya a mkazi amene analibe chidziŵitso chirichonse cha sayansi, pamene enanso mowopsa anatcha bukhu lake dzala lalikulu la zinyalala, kumene maziko a Chibuda ndi Chibrahmanism anasonkhanitsidwa mu mulu umodzi.
Koma Blavatsky savomereza kutsutsidwa ndipo m'chaka chomwecho amatsegula Theosophical Society, yomwe ntchito zake zidakali zotsutsana. Mu 1882, likulu la anthu linakhazikitsidwa ku Madras, India.
Mu 1888, Blavatsky analemba ntchito yaikulu ya moyo wake, The Secret Doctrine. Publicist VS Solovyov akusindikiza ndemanga ya bukhuli, kumene amatcha Theosophy kuyesa kusintha zolemba za Buddhism kwa anthu a ku Ulaya omwe sakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu. Kabbalah ndi Gnosticism, Brahminism, Buddhism ndi Hinduism adalumikizana modabwitsa mu ziphunzitso za Blavatsky.
Ofufuza amanena kuti theosophy ndi gulu la ziphunzitso za syncretic filosofi ndi chipembedzo. Theosophy ndi "nzeru zamulungu", pomwe Mulungu ali wopanda umunthu ndipo amachita ngati mtundu wa Mtheradi, choncho sikoyenera konse kupita ku India kapena kukhala zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ku Tibet ngati Mulungu angapezeke kulikonse. Malinga ndi Blavatsky, munthu ndi chiwonetsero cha Mtheradi, choncho, choyambirira, chimodzi ndi Mulungu.
Komabe, otsutsa a Theosophy amawona kuti Blavatsky amapereka Theosophy ngati chipembedzo chonyenga chomwe chimafuna chikhulupiriro chopanda malire, ndipo iye mwiniyo amakhala ngati lingaliro la satana. Komabe, sizingatsutsidwe kuti ziphunzitso za Blavatsky zinali ndi chikoka kwa Russian cosmists komanso pa avant-garde mu luso ndi filosofi.
Kuchokera ku India, dziko lakwawo lauzimu, Blavatsky anayenera kuchoka ku 1884 atatsutsidwa ndi akuluakulu a ku India chifukwa chachinyengo. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi nthawi yolephera - chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake, zonyenga zake ndi zidule zake zimawululidwa panthawi ya zokambirana. Malinga ndi magwero ena, Elena Petrovna amapereka ntchito zake ngati kazitape ku nthambi ya III ya kafukufuku wachifumu, nzeru zandale za Ufumu wa Russia.
Kenako ankakhala ku Belgium, kenako ku Germany, analemba mabuku. Adamwalira atadwala chimfine pa Meyi 8, 1891, kwa omwe amamukonda lero ndi "tsiku la white lotus." Phulusa lake linamwazika pamizinda itatu ya Theosophical Society - New York, London ndi Adyar.
Mpaka pano, palibe kuwunika kosadziwika kwa umunthu wake. Msuweni wa Blavatsky S. Yu. Witte adalankhula modabwitsa za iye ngati munthu wachifundo wokhala ndi maso akulu abuluu, otsutsa ambiri adawona luso lake lolemba losakayikira. Zonyenga zake zonse mu zamizimu ndizowonekeratu, koma piano yomwe imayimba mumdima ndi mawu akale amazimiririka kumbuyo kwa The Secret Doctrine, buku lomwe linatsegulira anthu a ku Ulaya chiphunzitso chomwe chimaphatikiza chipembedzo ndi sayansi, chomwe chinali vumbulutso kwa anthu a ku Ulaya. malingaliro omveka, osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu kwa anthu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX.
Mu 1975, sitampu yotumizira inaperekedwa ku India kukumbukira chaka cha 100th cha Theosophical Society. Limasonyeza gwero lankhondo ndi mwambi wa anthu wakuti “Palibe chipembedzo choposa chowonadi.”
Zolemba: Lilia Ostapenko.