Zamkatimu
Mogwirizana ndi cholinga chake, Board of Editorial Board ya MedTvoiLokony imayesetsa kupereka zodalirika zachipatala mothandizidwa ndi chidziwitso chaposachedwa cha sayansi. Mbendera yowonjezerapo "Zofufuza Zomwe Zili" zikuwonetsa kuti nkhaniyi idawunikidwa kapena kulembedwa ndi dokotala mwachindunji. Kutsimikiza kwa magawo awiri awa: mtolankhani wazachipatala komanso dokotala amatilola kuti tipereke zomwe zili zapamwamba kwambiri mogwirizana ndi chidziwitso chamankhwala chamakono.
Kudzipereka kwathu m'derali kwayamikiridwa, pakati pa ena, ndi Association of Journalists for Health, yomwe inapatsa Bungwe la Editorial la MedTvoiLokony ndi mutu waulemu wa Mphunzitsi Wamkulu.
Matenda a Klinefelter (omwe amadziwikanso kuti 47, XXY kapena hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism) ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amapezeka mwa amuna omwe ali ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi X chromosome yowonjezereka m'magulu onse kapena ma cell ena a thupi. M'malo mokhala ndi ma chromosome ogonana awiri - X ndi Y chromosome imodzi, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mwamuna wathanzi, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Klinefelter ali ndi ma chromosome atatu ogonana - 2 X chromosomes ndi Y chromosome imodzi. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti 2, XXY syndrome ndi imodzi mwazovuta zofala kusintha kwa chromosomal komwe kumachitika mwa anthu. Zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa testosterone m'magazi, komwe kumatsagana ndi ma gonadotrophins (makamaka FSH).
Ngakhale kuti mwamuna aliyense yemwe ali ndi matendawa ali ndi X chromosome yowonjezera, si onse omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pansipa. Komanso, kuopsa kwa zizindikirozi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa maselo omwe ali ndi chiwerengero cha chromosome, mlingo wa testosterone m'thupi, ndi zaka zomwe matendawa amapezeka.
Zizindikiro za matenda a Klinefelter zimakhudza magawo atatu oyambira:
- Zathupi,
- Zolankhula,
- Zamakhalidwe.
Klinefelter Syndrome - Kukula kwathupi
Muubwana, kupsinjika kwa minofu ndi mphamvu nthawi zambiri zimafooka. Ana okhudzidwawo angayambe kukwawa, kukhala pansi ndi kuyenda modziimira mochedwa kuposa ana athanzi. Akatha zaka 4, anyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a Klinefelter amakonda kukhala aatali ndipo nthawi zambiri samalumikizana bwino. Akafika msinkhu, matupi awo satulutsa testosterone wochuluka ngati anthu athanzi. Izi zingayambitse kufooka kwa minofu, kuchepa kwa nkhope ndi tsitsi. Paunyamata, anyamata amathanso kukulitsa mabere (gynecomastia) ndikuwonjezera kufooka kwa mafupa.
Akamakula, amuna omwe ali ndi matendawa amatha kuwoneka ofanana ndi athanzi, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amakhala aatali kuposa ena. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kudwala matenda a autoimmune, khansa ya m'mawere, matenda a venous, osteoporosis ndi kuwola kwa mano.
Pambuyo pa kutha msinkhu, zizindikiro zodziwika kwambiri za anthu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a Klinefelter ndi:
- kukula kwakukulu,
- khungu lotuwa,
- minofu yosakula bwino (yotchedwa eunuchoid body structure),
- tsitsi lochepa thupi: tsitsi lofooka la nkhope, tsitsi lachikazi la mtundu wa akazi kuzungulira maliseche akunja,
- machende ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mbolo yoyenera,
- kuchepa libido,
- mayiko awiri gynecomastia.
Amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a Klinefelter amatha kukhala ndi moyo wogonana wabwinobwino. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti matupi awo amatha kutulutsa umuna wochepa kapena osatulutsa, 95 mpaka 99% mwa iwo ndi osabala.
Klinefelter syndrome - Kulankhula
Munthawi yaunyamata, 25 mpaka 85% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Klinefelter amakhala ndi vuto la kulankhula. Amayamba kulankhula mochedwa kuposa anzawo, amakhala ndi vuto pofotokoza zosowa ndi malingaliro awo, komanso kuwerenga ndi kukonza zomwe akumva. Akakula, zimawavuta kuti amalize ntchito zawo zowerenga ndi kulemba, koma ambiri a iwo amagwira ntchito ndikupeza chipambano pa moyo wawo wantchito.
Klinefelter syndrome - moyo wa anthu
Ali mwana, ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Klinefelter nthawi zambiri amakhala chete ndipo satengera chidwi cha anthu omwe ali nawo. Pambuyo pake, angakhale odzidalira kwambiri ndi okangalika, ndipo amasonyeza kufunitsitsa kwambiri kuthandiza ndi kumvera kuposa anzawo.
M’zaka zaunyamata, anyamata amakhala amanyazi ndi odekha, n’chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto “logwirizana” ndi anzawo.
Akafika zaka zambiri, amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, amayamba mabanja ndikukhala ndi anzawo. Amatha kulowa mu ubale wabwinobwino.
Klinefelter's Syndrome - Kodi matendawa angachiritsidwe?
Matenda a Klinefelter ndi obadwa nawo, choncho sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Komabe, n’zotheka kuchepetsa zizindikiro zake. Pazifukwa izi, njira zambiri zochiritsira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo kuthupi, mwamawu, machitidwe, psychotherapy ndi mabanja. Nthawi zina zimathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga kufooka kwa minofu, vuto la kulankhula kapena kudzidalira. Pharmacotherapy imachepetsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). Zimakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretsenso mlingo wa hormone iyi m'magazi kuti mukhale ndi makhalidwe abwino, omwe amalola kukula kwa minofu, kuchepetsa mawu, ndi kukula kwa tsitsi lochuluka.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa mphamvu ya chithandizo ndi nthawi yoyambira kukhazikitsa kwake.
Kodi mukudziwa kuti:
Ngati chinthu chomwe chimawononga spermatogenesis (njira yopangira ubwamuna) chimagwira ma testes a mnyamata wobadwa, chomwe chimatchedwa matenda a Klinefelter. Zizindikiro zake ndizofanana ndi matenda a Klinefelter omwe takambirana pamwambapa, koma mayeso a karyotype samawonetsa kukhalapo kwa chromosome yowonjezereka ya X.
Zolemba: MD Matylda Mazur
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