Leukosis ndi matenda opatsirana amphaka omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Feline Leukemogenic Virus (kapena FeLV). Matenda opatsiranawa amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi ndipo makamaka amakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo amatha kuyambitsa ma lymphoma. Kukula kwake kumatha kukhala kwanthawi yayitali ndikudutsa magawo angapo, nthawi zina kupangitsa kuti matendawa akhale ovuta. Nazi mfundo zofunika kukumbukira kuti mumvetsetse matendawa komanso ngati n'kotheka mupewe.

Feline Leukemogenic Virus (FeLV) ndi kachilombo ka retrovirus komwe kamayambitsa leukosis mwa amphaka. Panopa padziko lonse lapansi, ku Europe kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kochepa kuposa 1% koma kumatha kufika 20% m'madera ena.

Samalani, ngakhale kachilomboka kangakhudze nyama zakuthengo zingapo, munthu sangatenge feline leukosis.

Ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amafalitsidwa ndi kukhudzana kwambiri pakati pa anthu ndi kusinthana kwa secretions (malovu, m'mphuno, mkodzo, etc.). Njira zazikulu zopatsirana ndikunyambita, kuluma komanso nthawi zambiri kugawana mbale kapena zinyalala. 

Kupatsirana pakati pa mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi ana ake ndikothekanso. Kupatsirana kumeneku kumachitika kudzera mu nkhokwe kapena kubadwa kwa mphaka pa nthawi ya kuyamwitsa kapena kukonzekeretsa. FeLV ndi kachilombo kamene kamapulumuka pang'ono m'deralo kupatulapo munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kotero kuti kuipitsidwa kwachindunji ndikosowa.

Pambuyo polowetsedwa m'thupi, kachilomboka kamayang'ana maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi ndi minofu ya lymphoid (ndulu, thymus, lymph nodes, etc.) kenako imafalikira thupi lonse.

Kuyankha kokwanira kwa chitetezo chamthupi kumatha kuthetseratu kachilomboka. Izi zimatchedwa matenda ochotsa mimba. Chitukukochi mwatsoka sichichitika kawirikawiri.

Childs, matenda kumaonekera mu mitundu iwiri.

Matenda akupita patsogolo

Matendawa akuti amakula pang’onopang’ono pamene kachilomboka kamayenda mogwira mtima m’magazi ndipo kumapitirizabe kufalikira mpaka kukhudza msana. Matendawa adzawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zachipatala. 

Matenda obwerera 

Ngati kachilomboka kakhala chete mthupi kwa nthawi yayitali, amatchedwa regressive matenda. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala ndi mayankho okwanira kuti aletse kuchulukitsa ndi kufalikira kwa kachilomboka, koma osakwanira kuti athetseretu. Pamenepa, mphaka amanyamula kachilomboka mumsana koma samapatsirananso. Kachilomboka kakhoza kuyambiranso ndikusintha kupita ku matenda opitilira patsogolo.

Mphaka yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka FeLV akhoza kukhala wathanzi kwa nthawi yaitali ndikuwonetsa zizindikiro zachipatala pakatha milungu, miyezi kapena zaka za matenda osadziwika bwino.

Kachilomboka kamakhudza momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito m'njira zingapo. Zidzayambitsa matenda a magazi monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chidzalimbikitsa matenda achiwiri. Ilinso ndi mwayi wokhoza kuyambitsa khansa yamagazi ndi chitetezo chamthupi (ma lymphomas, leukemias, etc.). 

Nazi zina mwa zizindikiro za matendawa zomwe zimatha kuwonekera modzidzimutsa, pafupipafupi kapena mosalekeza:

• Kutaya njala;
• Kuchepetsa thupi;
• zotupa za mucous membrane (mkamwa kapena zina);
• malungo osalekeza;
• gingivitis kapena stomatitis (kutupa mkamwa kapena mkamwa);
• Matenda a pakhungu, mkodzo kapena kupuma;
• Kutsekula m'mimba;
• Matenda a minyewa (kukomoka mwachitsanzo);
• Matenda a ubereki (kuchotsa mimba, kusabereka, etc.).

Kuzindikira kwa leukosis kungakhale kovuta chifukwa cha njira yake yapadera.

Pali mayesero ofulumira omwe angathe kuchitidwa kuchipatala omwe amayesa kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'magazi a mphaka. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala oyamba. Komabe, ngati matendawa abwera posachedwa, kuyezetsa kungakhale kopanda pake. Zingakhale bwino kubwereza kuyesako kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina. 

Mayeso a labotale amathanso kutsimikizira kuyezetsa kofulumira kapena kupereka molondola pakuzindikira (PCR, Immunofluorescence).

Tsoka ilo, palibe chithandizo chotsimikizika cha FeLV. Chisamaliro chimangoyang'ana kwambiri pochiza matenda achiwiri kapena kuyang'anira zizindikiro zamphaka. 

Komabe, mphaka wokhala ndi leukosis sayenera kutsutsidwa. Kuneneratu za kupulumuka zimadalira gawo la matendawa ndi yachiwiri mikhalidwe yopangidwa ndi mphaka. 

Kupulumuka kwapakatikati pambuyo pozindikira matendawa ndi zaka zitatu, koma ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha matendawa, mphaka wamkati amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali.

Katemera ndi chida chofunikira pakuwongolera FeLV. Katemerayu sagwira ntchito ndi 100%, koma kuyambitsa kwake pamapulogalamu operekera katemera nthawi zonse kwachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kachiromboka kwa amphaka apakhomo. Choncho tikulimbikitsidwa katemera amphaka ndi mwayi wopita panja.