Zamkatimu
Wamaluwa amayesetsa kupanga chiwembu chokongola chamunda. Chifukwa chake, mabizinesi aulimi amapereka mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera mitengo ndi zitsamba. Maple Manchurian adzasangalala ndi maonekedwe ake okongola kuyambira May mpaka October-November.
Masamba a mawonekedwe osazolowereka amakopa diso ndi mtundu wawo, womwe umasintha kangapo pa nyengo.
Kufotokozera kwa mapulo a Manchu
Kuthengo, amapezeka ku Far East, kumpoto kwa China ndi Korea. Mapulo a Manchurian (lat. Acer mandshuricum) amamera m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja. Thunthulo limakutidwa ndi khungwa lotuwa-bulauni.
Chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake kwakukulu, mbewuyo idatchuka ku Europe, America ndi Asia. Ma Peduncles amatulutsa fungo lonunkhira bwino, lokopa njuchi. Chifukwa chake, mitengo imabzalidwa m'minda ya njuchi, ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati uchi.
Chomeracho chimatchedwa kuti wodzichepetsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira-yolimba komanso yokonda chinyezi. Pakadali pano, mtengowo umalimidwa makamaka m'minda yamaluwa.
Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi, koyambirira kwa Juni
Zosiyanasiyana zimakongoletsa kwambiri. Masamba ake osemedwa a trifoliate amasintha mtundu kuyambira masika mpaka autumn ndipo amasiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo. Mphukira zazing'ono zamtundu wofiira zimamera kumbuyo kwa korona wobiriwira wokhwima, kupereka chisomo ndi chiyambi cha mtengo.
Mu Meyi-June, ma inflorescence achikasu-wobiriwira amayamba kuwonekera. Kuyambira Ogasiti-Seputembala, masamba amasintha mtundu kuchokera kufiira kupita ku burgundy. Mapulo a Manchurian ndi okongola kwambiri mu June, pamene masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira atsegulidwa kale, masango obiriwira achikasu amayamba kuphuka. Kenako mtengowo umatulutsa mphukira zazing'ono zapinki-zofiira.
Nthambizo, zovuta kwambiri, zimakhala ndi masamba osemedwa a trifoliate. Kutalika kwa nsanja ndi 8 cm, ndipo m'lifupi - mpaka 3 cm. Tsambali lili ndi mawonekedwe a lanceolate ellipse.
Ma inflorescence amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu, amakhala ndi zidutswa zisanu. Kukula kwa maluwa obiriwira achikasu ndi 0,5-1 cm. M'dzinja, zipatso zimawoneka ngati gulu la lionfish. Helicopters amafika kutalika kwa 3,5 cm.
Chomera chodzichepetsa chimamera mumthunzi komanso m'malo adzuwa.
Mapulo a Manchurian amafalitsidwa ndi kudula, mbewu kapena kulumikiza. Bzalani katsamba kakang'ono m'dzinja kapena masika. Chomera chanthete chimafunika kuthirira kwambiri chisanazike mizu. Mapulo a Manchurian amakula bwino pakuwala kwadzuwa, koma ndi wodzichepetsa ndipo amakula mwakachetechete mumthunzi, koma osati mwachangu. Padzuwa, mtengowo uli ndi mtundu wokongoletsa kwambiri. Kuyambira chikasu-wobiriwira mpaka pinki-burgundy.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, masamba amafota. M'dzinja, mapulo a Manchurian amavala chovala chofiirira. Kutengera dera la kukula, kugwa kwa masamba kumayamba kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Novembala. M'madera otentha, masamba a korona amakhala nthawi yayitali. Nthambi zikawululidwa, mkhalidwe wa mpumulo wa mtengo umabwera. Izi zakhala zikuchitika kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala.
Maple Manchurian ndi olimba, zaka zake zimatha kufika zaka 150
Chomeracho chimayankha bwino kwambiri pakumeta tsitsi. Ngati mungafune, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe okongola a conical kapena mpira wotambalala.
Kumeta ubweya wa nyengo kumachitika pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira isanayambe kutuluka kwa madzi. Nthambi zouma ndi zowuma zimadulidwa. Panthawi imeneyi, korona amapangidwa ndipo zikwapu zazitali kwambiri zimachotsedwa.
Kutalika kwa mapulo a Manchurian
Chomera chachikulu chimatha kufika 20 m. Mtengo waukulu wofalikira umakulanso mpaka 20 m m'mimba mwake. Mapu aatali a Manchurian amapezeka kumwera kwa Primorsky Krai ku Ussuri taiga.
Mtengo umafika kukula uku mu zaka 50-60. Mitengo yaing'ono imakula pang'onopang'ono, koma pambuyo pa zaka 6-10 imapereka kuwonjezeka kwapachaka kwa 30-50 cm.
Kukula kwa mapulo a Manchurian ndi ochepa, mpaka 30 cm mu msinkhu ndi m'lifupi pachaka
Kulimba kwa dzinja kwa mapulo a Manchurian
Chomera chachikulu chimatha kupirira chisanu. Komabe, mapulo aang'ono sagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kochepa. Akatswiri amalangiza kutenthetsa mizu yozungulira ndi humus, zinyalala zamasamba kapena utuchi kwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Mapulo a Manchurian amadziwika ndi kukongoletsa kwakukulu komanso kudzichepetsa, komwe kwakhala kosangalatsa kwa wamaluwa. Komabe, monga mbewu iliyonse, ili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zingapo.
Mapulo a Manchurian amafalitsidwa ndi kudula, mbewu kapena kulumikiza.
ubwino:
- kukongoletsa kwakukulu;
- kudzichepetsa;
- imamera m'madera adzuwa komanso amthunzi;
- kukula kwapakati;
- kumvera kudulira, kosavuta kupanga korona;
- imagwirizana bwino ndi mapangidwe a malo ndipo imaphatikizidwa ndi zomera zina;
- kukhazikika kwa zaka 100-150;
- kukana kwambiri chisanu;
- matabwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando.
kuipa:
- amakonda nthaka yonyowa;
- akhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe;
- m'madera mthunzi amataya kukongoletsa mono-mtundu;
- mitengo yaing'ono amafuna yozizira kutentha kwa mizu.
Makhalidwe a kutera
Maple Manchurian amatanthauza mitengo yotambalala. Choncho, pobzala, kukula kwake kumaganiziridwa. Mtunda wa 3-5 m watsala pakati pa zomera. M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira, mapulo amathiridwa madzi ambiri kuti mizu ikule, ndipo mtengowo umatha kudzitengera okha madzi.
Mapulo a Manchurian amakonda madera otentha, koma amathanso kukula mumthunzi. Pobzala, akatswiri amalangiza kuwonjezera feteleza wamchere wokhala ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, ndi zina kudzenje.
Malangizo osamala
Chomera chachikulu chimafunika kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi. M'nyengo yotentha, mlingo umawonjezeka ndi 2-3 nthawi. Mu kasupe ndi autumn, kuvala pamwamba pa basal kumapangidwa. Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, kukonzekera kokhala ndi nayitrogeni kumayambitsidwa, ndipo isanachitike - phosphorous.
Ikaninso feteleza wachilengedwe. Izi zimaphatikizapo humus, ndowe za mbalame zowola kapena zinyalala zamasamba. Kuti namsongole asachotse mchere kuchokera ku mapulo, kupalira bwalo lapafupi ndi tsinde kumachitika. M'chaka, amakumba malo pansi pa korona wa mtengo kuti mizu ikhale yodzaza ndi mpweya.
Wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuti nthaka ikhale mulch mu kasupe kuti chinyontho zisakokoloke ndikukhalabe m'nthaka.
Kubalana
Mapulo a Manchurian sakhala pansi. Dothi losalowerera ndale, lokhala ndi asidi pang'ono ndiloyenera kutera. Loam amakumbidwa ndikuwonjezedwa mchenga kuti amasule nthaka.
Kukula mapulo a Manchurian kuchokera ku mbewu sikovuta. Lionfish amakololedwa m'dzinja. Mchenga umasonkhanitsidwa mu chidebe, wothira ndipo zipatso zimayikidwa. Mbewu zimasungidwa mpaka masika.
Musanafese, zipatso zimanyowa mu yankho la hydrogen peroxide.
Mu April-May, pamene kutentha kwausiku kumakhala kolimbikitsa, amayamba kufesa mbewu m'nthaka yokonzedwa ndi feteleza. Kuzama kwa mbewu - mpaka 4 cm. Sungani mtunda kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake wa osachepera 50 cm.
Mapulo a Manchurian amaberekana bwino ndi kusanjika kwachinyamata. Chomera chachikulire chimapereka mphukira zambiri zomwe zimafunikira kukumbidwa. Mitengo yaing'ono imabzalidwa m'dzinja kapena masika. Pobzala mbewu, amasunga mtunda wa 1 m. Iyi ndiyo njira yachangu komanso yodalirika yoberekera.
Mapulo akhoza kudulidwa. Kuti muchite izi, mphukira zazing'ono zokhala ndi masamba 2-3 zimadulidwa kuchokera kunthambi. Kudulidwa kumapangidwa pamakona. Gawo lapansi limakonzedwa kuchokera ku mchenga wa peat ndi nthaka. Nyowetsani nthaka ndikuyikamo zodulidwazo, mutazisamalira kale ndi Kornevin. Sungani mtunda pakati pa zomera za 25 cm.
Zodulidwa zimakwiriridwa pansi ndi 5 cm
Kufalitsa ndi Ankalumikiza ntchito ndi odziwa wamaluwa. Young cuttings kudula kumayambiriro kasupe. Kenako katundu wamtsogolo amayikidwa mu moss wonyowa ndikusungidwa mpaka masamba atawonekera. Mbewuyo imabzalidwa m'nthaka.
Pa chogwirizira, malo amasankhidwa pomwe impso ikuwoneka, ndipo kudula kumapangidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa wokhala ndi tsamba lochepa thupi. Kudula kofananako kumapangidwa pa scion kudula. Awiri zomera olumikizidwa ndi odulidwa mfundo mwamphamvu rewound ndi munda filimu kwa Ankalumikiza.
Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, masamba onse amachotsedwa
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Mapulo a Manchurian amakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawanga. Nthawi zambiri, njenjete zimawononga mbewu. Pofuna kupewa kuukira kwa tizilombo, pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, chithandizo chanthambi chimachitidwa. Pangani njira ya mkuwa sulphate, laimu ndi sulfure. Thunthulo limapakidwa utoto wamaluwa.
M’nyengo yamvula, mbewuyo imatha kuola. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi zolembera pamasamba ndi mtundu wa bulauni wa korona. Zikatero, akatswiri amalangiza kuchiza chomeracho ndi mankhwala apadera, monga Fufanon kapena Fitoverm. Kuti mbewuyo isavutike, mutatha kudula nthambi, malo odulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi phula lamunda.
Kutsiliza
Mapulo a Manchurian amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa komanso kukongoletsa kwake. Mphukira zazing'ono zofiira motsutsana ndi mtengo wobiriwira zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri. Chomeracho chimakhala chokongola kwambiri m'dzinja, pamene masamba amapeza mtundu wofiirira.
Ndemanga za mapulo a Manchu
