Zamkatimu
Mu Januwale 59, akuuluka kuchokera ku Milan kupita ku Chicago, Callas adakhala maola angapo ku Paris. Tithokoze lipoti la nyuzipepala ya France Soir (wojambulayo adatsagana ndi unyinji wa atolankhani aku France mundege), tikudziwa kuti, zikuwoneka kuti, cholinga chachikulu chaulendo wake wofulumira chinali ... chakudya chamadzulo ku malo odyera a Chez Maxim. Mtolankhani waluso analemba zonse pansi pamphindi.
«20.00. Kuyenda kuyenda kuchokera ku hoteloyo kupita kumalo odyera.
20.06. Callas amalowa mchipinda chamkati chachikulu ndikukhala patebulo polemekeza anthu khumi ndi anayi.
20.07. Mantha kukhitchini: oyisitara 160 oyenera amayenera kutsegulidwa mphindi. Callas ali ndi ola limodzi lokha nkhomaliro.
20.30. Amakondwera ndi mbale: oysters osakhwima kwambiri, nsomba zam'madzi mu msuzi wamphesa, kenako mbale yotchedwa "Sad Sadle yake ya Callas", msuzi wa katsitsumzukwa katsopano komanso - chosangalatsa kwambiri - soufflé "Malibran".
21.30. Phokoso, phokoso, matochi ... Callas achoka pamalo odyera… "
Zinalembedwanso kuti mlendo adadya ndi njala yabwino ndipo samabisalira ena kuti amasangalala ndi chakudyacho.
Pa nthawi ya mwambowu, dzina la Callas wazaka 35 lidagunda mbali zonse ziwiri za nyanja, osati pagulu lochepa chabe la okonda opera, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala oseketsa pamaluso "achikale "wa. M'chilankhulo chamakono, anali "wofalitsa nkhani". Iye adagulung'undisa zoipa, zinayamba miseche, kumenyana mafani, kudandaula za kutchuka. ("Kumwamba uko, ndizovuta kwambiri… Kuwala kwaulemerero kukutentha paliponse.") Pamaso pa omwe amuzungulira, wasandulika kale "chilombo chopatulika," koma sanatenge gawo logonthetsa kwambiri: sanasiye milionea chifukwa cha bilionea - osati chifukwa cha ndalama, koma chifukwa cha chikondi chachikulu. Koma tanthauzo lalikulu: Callas adayimba, palibe amene adakhalapo kale kapena pambuyo pake, ndipo anali ndi mafani - kuyambira Mfumukazi yaku England mpaka opanga nsalu.
Ngati m'zaka za m'ma XX wina atha kufunsa mutu wa prima donna, anali iyeyo, wamaginito Mariya. Liwu lake (lamatsenga, laumulungu, losangalatsa, lofanana ndi liwu la hummingbird, lowala ngati daimondi - ndizomwe sizinatengeke ndi otsutsa!) Ndipo mbiri yake, yofananira ndi vuto lakale lachi Greek, ndi yadziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo mayiko osachepera anayi ali ndi zifukwa zazikulu zoziganizira kuti ndi "zawo".
Choyamba, United States, komwe adabadwira - ku New York, pa 2 Disembala 1923, m'banja la omwe adasamukira ku Greece, atalandira dzina lalitali pakubatizidwa - Cecilia Sophia Anna Maria. Pamodzi ndi kutulutsa kovuta kwa abambo ake - Kalogeropoulos - sikunali konse ku America, ndipo posakhalitsa mtsikanayo adakhala Maria Callas. Callas abwerera ku Amayi America kangapo: mu 1945, monga wophunzira - kuti akaphunzire kuimba, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 50, ali kale nyenyezi payekha pagawo la Metropolitan Opera, komanso koyambirira kwa ma 70s - kuti aphunzitse.
Kachiwiri, Greece, kwawo kwa mbiriyakale, komwe, pambuyo pa kusiyana pakati pa makolo ake, Maria adasamukira mu 1937 ndi amayi ake ndi mlongo wake wamkulu. Ku Athens, adaphunzira ku Conservatory ndipo adalowa nawo akatswiri kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Chachitatu, Italy, kwawo kopanga. Mu 1947, Callas wazaka 23 adayitanidwa ku Verona kukachita nawo chikondwerero cha nyimbo chaka chilichonse. Kumeneko anakumananso ndi mwamuna wake wam'tsogolo, wopanga njerwa komanso wopereka mphatso zachifundo Giovanni Battista Meneghini, yemwe anali wamkulu zaka pafupifupi makumi atatu. Mzinda wa Romeo ndi Juliet, ndipo pambuyo pa Milan, komwe mu 1951 Maria adayamba kuyimba ku Teatro alla Scala yotchuka, ndi Sirmion wakale m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Garda, idzakhala nyumba yake.
Ndipo pamapeto pake, France. Apa mfumukazi ya bel canto idakumana ndi chimodzi mwazopambana zazikulu kwambiri m'moyo wawo - mu Disembala 1958, ikuchita koyamba ku Paris Opera ndikulemba. Likulu la France ndi adilesi yake yomaliza. M'nyumba yake ku Paris pa Seputembara 16, 1977, adakumana ndiimfa mwadzidzidzi - wopanda chikondi, wopanda liwu, wopanda manjenje, wopanda abale ndi abwenzi, ndi mtima wopanda kanthu, atasiya kukonda moyo wake ...
Chifukwa chake, zinayi zotsutsana chimodzi mwa zigawo zake zazikulu. Ngakhale, ndithudi, mu moyo wosamukasamuka wa wojambulayo panali mayiko ndi mizinda yambiri, ndipo ambiri adakhala ofunikira kwambiri, osakumbukika komanso opatsa chiyembekezo. Koma tili ndi chidwi ndi chinthu china: momwe adakhudzira zokonda zam'mimba za prima donna?
Sutukesi ya maphikidwe
“Kuphika bwino ndimofanana ndi kupanga. Aliyense amene amakonda khitchini amakondanso kupanga, ”adatero Callas. Ndiponso: "Ndimachita bizinesi iliyonse mwachidwi ndipo ndikukhulupirira kuti palibe njira ina." Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kukhitchini. Anayamba kuphika mwachangu atakhala mayi wokwatiwa. Signor Meneghini, mwamuna wake woyamba komanso mwamwamuna wovomerezeka yekha, amakonda kudya, komanso, chifukwa cha msinkhu ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chakudya, chisangalalo ku Italy, pafupifupi m'malo mwa kugonana kwa iye.
M'makalata ake okokomeza, Meneghini adalongosola mbale zokoma zomwe mkazi wake wachichepere, yemwe adapeza luso lake lophikira, adadya mbale zokoma. Ndipo akuganiza kuti ali pachitofu, kwakanthawi tsopano, adakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa piyano. Komabe, apa pali chithunzi cha 1955: "Maria Callas ali kukhitchini yake ku Milan." Woyimbayo adachita thukuta ndi chosakanizira kumbuyo kwa zovala zazitali kwambiri zomwe zimamangidwa mkati.
Kukhala mkazi wa njonda olemera ndi kupeza kutchuka kwambiri, ndipo ndi chindapusa, Maria mobwerezabwereza amapita kumalo odyera.
Komanso, paulendowu. Atalawa mbale iyi kapena ija kwinakwake, sanazengereze kufunsa ophika ndipo nthawi yomweyo analemba maphikidwe pamabatani, mindandanda yazakudya, maenvulopu, ndi kulikonse komwe kungafune. Ndipo adabisa mu thumba lake. Anasonkhanitsa maphikidwe awa kulikonse. Kuchokera ku Rio de Janeiro adabweretsa njira yopangira nkhuku ndi avocado, kuchokera ku New York - msuzi wakuda wa nyemba, waku Sao Paulo - feijoado, kuchokera kwa oyang'anira zophika ku Milanese Savini, komwe amapitako pafupipafupi, adaphunzira njira yokhazikika ya risotto mu Milanese. Ngakhale atayenda ndi Onassis panyanja yonga yachifumu, sanapulumuke mayeserowo - osonkhanitsa amumvetsetsa! - funsani wophika wamkulu kuti abwezeretse zosungunulira zanu ndi kirimu cha tchizi chokhala ndi ma truffles oyera.
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, nyumba yosindikiza yaku Italiya Trenta Editore adasindikiza buku La Divina mu cucina ("Wauzimu kukhitchini") ndi mutu wake "Maphikidwe Obisika a Maria Callas". Nkhani yakupezeka kwa buku lophika ili yochititsa chidwi: posachedwa sutikesi idapezeka kuti inali ya a Callas eni ake, kapena a domo lake lalikulu, lodzaza ndi maphikidwe olembedwa pamanja. Bukuli limaphatikizapo pafupifupi zana. Sizikudziwika kuti Maria kamodzi kamodzi adakhala ndi nzeru zonse zophikira, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri adasiya zakudya zambiri zomwe amakonda, kuphatikizapo pasitala ndi mchere. Chifukwa chake ndi banal - kuchepa thupi.
Luso limafuna kudzipereka
Zikuwoneka ngati maloto, nthano kapena, monga anganene lero, kusuntha kwa PR. Chifukwa chake, zithunzi zidapulumuka - mboni zodziwika bwino zosintha mozizwitsa "njovu" kukhala chifanizo chachikale. Kuyambira ali mwana komanso pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu, Maria Callas anali wonenepa kwambiri, kenako mwachangu, adataya pafupifupi ma kilogalamu makumi anayi!
Anayamba "kulanda" zolakwa akadali mtsikana, ndikukhulupirira, ndipo mwina moyenerera, kuti amayi ake samamukonda, opupuluma komanso osazindikira, kupereka chidwi chonse ndi kukoma mtima kwa mwana wake wamkazi wamkulu. Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira, Callas analemba mokwiya kuti: “Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 12, ndimagwira ntchito ngati kavalo kuti ndiwadyetse ndikukwaniritsa chilakolako chofuna amayi. Ndidachita zonse momwe iwo amafunira. Amayi anga kapena mlongo wanga samakumbukira momwe ndimawadyetsera nthawi yankhondo, ndikupereka makonsati m'maofesi oyang'anira asitikali, kutulutsa mawu anga pazinthu zosamvetsetseka, kuti ndiwatengereko mkate. "
“Nyimbo ndi chakudya zinali zofunika kwambiri pamoyo wake,” analemba motero wolemba mabuku wa Callas, Mfalansa Claude Dufresne. - Kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo amadya maswiti, mikate ya uchi, chisangalalo ku Turkey. Chakudya chamasana ndimadya pasitala ndi chidwi. Posachedwa - ndipo ndani atiwononga kuposa ife - adayimirira kumbuyo kwa chitofu ndikubwera ndi mbale yomwe amakonda: mazira awiri pansi pa tchizi chachi Greek. Chakudyachi sichingatchedwe chopepuka, koma mwanayo amafunikira zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri kuti aziimba bwino: m'masiku amenewo, ambiri anali ndi malingaliro akuti woyimba wabwino sangakhale wowonda. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake mayi wa mwana wodabwitsayo sanasokoneze mwana wawo wamkazi kuti azidya chakudya. "
Ndi zaka naintini, Maria kulemera kuposa 80 makilogalamu. Anali wovuta kwambiri, adaphunzira kubisa zolakwika pansi pazovala "zolondola", ndipo kwa iwo omwe adayesetsa kunyoza adayankha ndi mphamvu zonse zakuphulika kwakumwera. Tsiku lina wogwira ntchito pasiteji ku Athens Opera House adatulutsa china chodabwitsa za mawonekedwe ake mseri, woyimba wachinyamatayo adaponya chinthu choyamba chomwe chidamugwera. Unali chopondapo…
Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse idatha, panali chakudya chochepa, ndipo Maria adawonjezeranso ma kilogalamu ena makumi awiri. Umu ndi m'mene Meneghini, mwamuna wake wamtsogolo komanso wopanga, akufotokozera zomwe adakumana nazo pamsonkhano wake woyamba mchilimwe cha 1947 pamalo odyera ku Pedavena ku Verona. Miyendo ya miyendo yake inali yofanana ndi ana ake. Anasuntha movutikira. Sindinadziwe choti ndinene, koma kumwetulira ndi kunyoza kwa alendo ena kunadzilankhulira. ”
Ndipo ngakhale Meneghini wapatsidwa udindo wa Pygmalion pa mapeto a Callas, izi ndizowona: ngati Galatea yekhayo yemwe ankakonda kwambiri sanafune kuchotsa maunyolo a mafuta, palibe amene akanatha kusokoneza diva wouma khosi. Amadziwika kuti wotsogolera Luchino Visconti anamupatsa ultimatum: ntchito yawo olowa pa siteji La Scala n'zotheka kokha ngati Maria kuwonda. Chilimbikitso chachikulu chosiya zotsekemera, ufa ndi zinthu zina zambiri, kuti adzizunze ndi kutikita minofu ndi kusamba kwa Turkey kunali kwa iye yekha ludzu la maudindo atsopano. Mu zilandiridwenso, ndi maonekedwe mu moyo wa bilionea Onassis ndi chikondi, iye anadwala bulimia chomwecho, kususuka, kususuka.
Callas adawononga kulemera kopitilira muyeso kwambiri - pomeza tepi helminth, mwanjira ina, kachilombo ka tapeworm. Mwina iyi ndi nthano chabe, nthano yoyipa. Koma, akuti panthawiyo adayamba kulemba zilembo "ife", kutanthauza kuti iye ndi nyongolotsi. Nkutheka kuti kachilombo kameneka kanamangiriridwa mthupi mwake kuchokera pachakudya chomwe mbale yayikulu inali tartare - nyama yodulidwa bwino yaiwisi ndi zonunkhira ndi zitsamba.
Bruno Tosi, pulezidenti wa The International Maria Callas Association, anati: “Ankakonda kudya, makamaka makeke ndi zidole. Anataya thupi chifukwa chodya zakudya zopangidwa ndi ayodini. Unali boma lowopsa lomwe limakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, lasintha kagayidwe kake, koma kuchokera ku bakha loyipa la Callas lidasandulika tsekwe lokongola. "
Atolankhani, omwe nthawi ina ankachita nthabwala za thupi lake lopatsa, tsopano adalemba kuti Callas anali ndi chiuno chochepa kwambiri kuposa Gina Lollobrigida. Pofika 1957, Maria adalemera makilogalamu 57 ndipo anali wamtali masentimita 171. Woyang'anira wa New York Metropolitan Opera, a Rudolph Bing, anathirira ndemanga izi: "Mosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitikira anthu omwe mwadzidzidzi adachepetsa thupi, palibe mawonekedwe ake omwe adandikumbutsa kuti posachedwa anali mayi wonenepa modabwitsa. Anali womasuka momasuka komanso womasuka. Zikuwoneka kuti mawonekedwe osekedwa komanso chisomo adabwera kwa iye kuyambira atabadwa. "
Kalanga, "momwemo" sanapeze chilichonse. "Choyamba ndidachepa thupi, kenako ndidataya mawu, tsopano ndidataya Onassis" - mawu awa a Callas pambuyo pake amatsimikizira lingaliro loti "zozizwitsa" zolemetsa pamapeto pake zidakhudza kwambiri luso lake lamawu komanso mtima wake. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake, La Divina adalemba m'modzi mwa makalata ake kwa Onassis woipa, yemwe adakonda wamasiye wa Purezidenti Kennedy kuti: "Ndimangoganiza: ndichifukwa chiyani zonse zidandibwera movutikira chonchi? Kukongola kwanga. Liwu langa. Chisangalalo changa chaching'ono…
"Mia cake" wolemba Maria Callas
Chimene mukusowa:
- 2 chikho shuga
- 1 chikho cha mkaka
- Mazira a 4
- 2 makapu ufa
- 1 vanila pod
- 2 tsp ndi mulu wa yisiti youma
- mchere
- ufa wosakaniza
Zoyenera kuchita:
Bweretsani mkaka ku chithupsa ndi vanila podulidwa pakati theka kutalika (nyembazo ziyenera kupukutidwa mkaka ndi nsonga ya mpeni) ndikuchotsa pamoto. Patulani azungu kuzipilala. Gaya yolks yoyera ndi 1 chikho shuga. Thirani mkaka wotentha mumtsinje wochepa thupi, oyambitsa nthawi zina. Sani ufa, kusakaniza yisiti ndi mchere. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono onjezerani ufa mumkaka ndi dzira losakaniza, oyambitsa pang'ono. Mu mbale ina, ikani azunguwo mu thovu lamadzi, pang'onopang'ono onjezerani shuga wotsalayo, ndikupitiliza kuwamenya. Onjezerani azungu azungu ku mtanda pang'ono, knead ndi spatula kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Tumizani chisakanizo chake poto yophika mafuta ndi ufa wokhala ndi dzenje pakati. Kuphika pa 180 ° C mpaka keke itadzuka ndipo mawonekedwe ake atembenuka golide, mphindi 50-60. Kenako tengani kekeyo, ikani chikwangwani cha waya kutali ndi ma drafts. Ikakhazikika kwathunthu, imachotsedwa mosavuta ku nkhungu. Kutumikira ndi shuga wambiri.