Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti nkhani ya kudya kapena kusadya nyama ndi nkhani ya munthu aliyense ndipo palibe amene ali ndi ufulu wokakamiza zofuna zawo. Ine sindine mmodzi wa anthu amenewo, ndipo ine ndikuuzani inu chifukwa chake.
Ngati wina wakupatsani brownie ndikukuuzani kuchuluka kwa shuga yomwe ili nayo, zopatsa mphamvu, momwe imakondera, komanso mtengo wake, mutha kusankha kudya. Ichi chidzakhala chisankho chanu. Ngati, mutatha kudya, munatengedwera kuchipatala ndipo munthu wina anakuuzani kuti: “Mwa njira, munali arsenic mu keke,” mwinamwake mudzadabwa.
Kukhala ndi chisankho sikuthandiza ngati simudziwa zonse zomwe zingakhudze. Pankhani ya nyama ndi nsomba, sitiuzidwa kalikonse za izo, anthu ambiri sadziwa pa nkhani zimenezi. Ndani angakukhulupirireni mutanena kuti ana ku Africa ndi ku Asia akuvutika ndi njala kuti ife a Kumadzulo tidye nyama? Kodi mukuganiza kuti chingachitike bwanji ngati anthu akanadziwa kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dziko lapansi lasanduka chipululu chifukwa chopanga nyama. Zikadadabwitsa anthu atamva kuti pafupifupi theka la nyanja zamchere zapadziko lonse lapansi zatsala pang'ono kugwa chifukwa cha kusodza kwambiri.
Konzani chododometsa: ndi mankhwala ati omwe tikupanga anthu ambiri akufa ndi njala? Taya mtima? Yankho ndi nyama. Anthu ambiri sakhulupirira izi, koma ndi zoona. Chifukwa chake ndikuti kupanga nyama sikuli kopanda ndalama zambiri, kuti pakhale kilogalamu imodzi ya nyama, ma kilogalamu khumi a mapuloteni a masamba ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. M'malo mwake, anthu akhoza kudyetsedwa masamba mapuloteni.
Chifukwa chimene anthu amafa ndi njala n’chakuti anthu a m’mayiko olemera akumadzulo amadya kwambiri zokolola zaulimi kuti adyetse ziweto zawo. Ndizoipa kwambiri chifukwa Kumadzulo kumatha kukakamiza maiko ena, olemera pang'ono kulima chakudya cha ziweto zawo pomwe amatha kulima kuti adye.
Ndiye Kumadzulo ndi chiyani ndipo anthu olemerawa ndi chiyani? Kumadzulo ndi gawo la dziko lapansi lomwe limayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka ndalama, mafakitale komanso moyo wapamwamba kwambiri. Kumadzulo kuli mayiko a ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo UK, komanso USA ndi Canada, nthawi zina mayikowa amatchedwa Northern Block. Komabe, kum'mwera kulinso mayiko omwe ali ndi moyo wapamwamba, monga Japan, Australia ndi New Zealand, mayiko ambiri akum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi ndi mayiko osauka.
Pafupifupi anthu 7 biliyoni amakhala padziko lathu lapansi, pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa atatu aliwonse amakhala kumpoto kolemera ndipo magawo awiri mwa atatu aliwonse kumwera kwaumphawi. Kuti tikhale ndi moyo, tonse timagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zaulimi - koma mosiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, a mwana wobadwa ku US adzagwiritsa ntchito 12 nthawi zambiri zachilengedwe zachilengedwe kuposa mwana wobadwira ku Bangladesh: 12 nthawi zambiri nkhuni, mkuwa, chitsulo, madzi, nthaka, ndi zina zotero. Zina mwa zifukwa za kusiyana kumeneku zagona m’mbiri. Zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, ankhondo ochokera Kumpoto adagonjetsa maiko akummwera ndikuwasandutsa maiko, ndipo adakali maikowa. Iwo anachita zimenezi chifukwa chakuti maiko a kum’mwera anali olemera mu mitundu yonse ya zinthu zachilengedwe. Atsamunda aku Europe adagwiritsa ntchito maiko awa, adawakakamiza kuti apereke zinthu zofunika pantchito yamakampani. Anthu ambiri okhala m'maderawa adalandidwa malo ndikukakamizidwa kulima zinthu zaulimi kumayiko aku Europe. Panthawi imeneyi, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ochokera ku Africa anatengedwa mokakamizidwa kupita ku US ndi ku Ulaya kukagwira ntchito ngati akapolo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe Kumpoto kwakhala kolemera komanso kwamphamvu.
Utsamunda unayima zaka makumi anayi kapena makumi asanu zapitazo maikowo atapezanso ufulu wawo, nthawi zambiri pankhondo. Ngakhale kuti maiko monga Kenya ndi Nigeria, India ndi Malaysia, Ghana ndi Pakistan tsopano amaonedwa kuti ndi odziimira paokha, utsamunda unawapangitsa kukhala osauka ndi kudalira mayiko a Kumadzulo. Motero, mayiko a Kumadzulo akamanena kuti amafunikira tirigu kuti adyetse ng’ombe zake, Kum’mwera alibe njira ina koma kulilima. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zochepa zomwe mayikowa angapezere ndalama zolipirira matekinoloje atsopano ndi katundu wofunikira wamakampani omwe angagulidwe Kumadzulo. Kumadzulo sikungokhala ndi katundu ndi ndalama zambiri, komanso kumakhala ndi zakudya zambiri. Zoonadi, sikuti ndi Achimereka okha omwe amadya nyama yambiri, koma makamaka anthu onse a Kumadzulo.
Ku UK, kuchuluka kwa nyama yomwe munthu amadya ndi ma kilogalamu 71 pachaka. Ku India, pali ma kilogalamu awiri okha a nyama pa munthu aliyense, ku America, ma kilogalamu 112.
Ku United States, ana azaka 7 mpaka 13 amadya ma hamburger asanu ndi limodzi ndi theka mlungu uliwonse; ndi malo odyera a Fast Food amagulitsa ma hamburger mabiliyoni 6.7 chaka chilichonse.
Chilakolako chotere cha ma hamburgers chimakhudza dziko lonse lapansi. Pokhapokha m'zaka chikwi izi, makamaka kuyambira pomwe anthu adayamba kudya nyama zochuluka kwambiri - mpaka lero, pamene odya nyama akuwononga kwenikweni dziko lapansi.
Khulupirirani kapena ayi, pali nyama zoweta katatu kuposa anthu padziko lapansi - 16.8 biliyoni. Nyama zakhala zikudya kwambiri ndipo zimatha kudya mapiri a chakudya. Koma zambiri zomwe zimadyedwa zimatuluka mbali ina ndikuwonongeka. Nyama zonse zomwe zimadyetsedwa kuti zipange nyama zimadya zomanga thupi kuposa zomwe zimapanga. Nkhumba zimadya ma kilogalamu 9 a mapuloteni a masamba kuti apange kilogalamu imodzi ya nyama pamene nkhuku imadya makilogalamu asanu kuti ipange kilogalamu imodzi ya nyama.
Nyama ku United States kokha zimadya udzu ndi soya wokwanira kudyetsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu padziko lapansi, kapena chiŵerengero chonse cha India ndi China. Koma kumeneko kuli ng’ombe zambiri moti ngakhale zimenezo sizikukwanira ndipo chakudya cha ng’ombe chikuchulukirachulukira chochokera kunja. A US amagula ngakhale ng'ombe kuchokera kumayiko osatukuka kwambiri ku Central ndi South Africa.
Mwina chitsanzo chodziwikiratu cha zinyalala chimapezeka ku Haiti, chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi limodzi mwa mayiko osauka kwambiri padziko lapansi, pomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malo abwino kwambiri komanso achonde kwambiri kumera udzu wotchedwa nyemba ndi makampani akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi makamaka amawulukira ziweto. kupita ku Haiti kuchokera ku US kukadyera ndi kulemera. Kenako nyamazo zimaphedwa ndipo mitemboyo imatumizidwa ku US kuti ipange ma hamburger ambiri. Pofuna kupereka chakudya kwa ziweto za ku America, anthu wamba a ku Haiti amakankhidwira kumapiri, kumene amayesa kulima madera oipa.
Kuti alime chakudya chokwanira kuti apitirize kukhala ndi moyo, anthu amagwiritsira ntchito nthaka mopambanitsa kufikira ikakhala youma ndi yopanda ntchito. Nikuba kuti bantu bakali kukkala ku Haiti, bantu bakali kukkala anyika. Koma si ng’ombe za ku America zokha zimene zimadya chakudya chochuluka padziko lonse. European Union ndi yomwe imaitanitsa chakudya cha nyama padziko lonse lapansi - ndipo 60% ya chakudyachi chimachokera kumayiko akumwera. Tangoganizirani kuchuluka kwa malo omwe UK, France, Italy ndi New Zealand amatenga pamodzi. Ndipo mupeza ndendende malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko osauka kulima chakudya cha ziweto.
Mafamu ochulukirachulukira akugwiritsiridwa ntchito kudyetsa ndi kudyetsera ziweto zapafamu 16.8 biliyoni. Koma chochititsa mantha kwambiri nchakuti dera lachonde likucheperachepera, pamene chiwerengero cha kubadwa kwapachaka pa dziko lapansi chikukula nthawi zonse. Ziwerengero ziwirizi siziphatikizana. Chotsatira chake n’chakuti magawo awiri pa atatu alionse (a anthu osauka) padziko lonse lapansi amakhala ndi moyo kuchokera kumanja kupita pakamwa n’cholinga choti akhale ndi moyo wapamwamba kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu olemera.
Mu 1995, bungwe la World Health Organization linatulutsa lipoti lotchedwa "Filling the Gap", lomwe linanena kuti zomwe zikuchitika panopa ndi zoopsa zapadziko lonse. Malinga ndi lipoti anthu mamiliyoni mazana ambiri kum’mwera amakhala moyo wawo wonse muumphaŵi wadzaoneni, ndipo ana pafupifupi 11 miliyoni amafa chaka chilichonse ndi matenda chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya m’thupi. Kusiyana pakati pa Kumpoto ndi Kumwera kukukulirakulira tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo ngati zinthu sizisintha, njala, umphaŵi ndi matenda zidzafalikira mofulumira kwambiri pakati pa magawo awiri mwa atatu a anthu padziko lapansi.
Maziko a vutoli ndi kuwononga kwakukulu kwa chakudya ndi malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyama. Sir Crispin Tekal wa ku Oxford, mlangizi wa boma la UK pazachilengedwe, akuti ndizosatheka kuti anthu padziko lonse lapansi (6.5 biliyoni) azikhala ndi nyama yokha. Palibe zinthu zotere padziko lapansi pano. Anthu 2.5 biliyoni okha (ochepera theka la anthu onse) angadye m'njira yoti alandire 35% ya zopatsa mphamvu zawo kuchokera ku nyama. (Umo ndi momwe anthu aku United States amadyera.)
Tangolingalirani kuchuluka kwa nthaka yomwe ingapulumutsidwe ndi anthu angati omwe akanadyetsedwa ngati mapuloteni onse a masamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsera ziweto adadyedwa mwangwiro ndi anthu. Pafupifupi 40% ya tirigu ndi chimanga amadyetsedwa ku ziweto, ndipo madera ambiri a nthaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima nyemba, mtedza, mpiru ndi tapioca monga chakudya. Ndi kumasuka komweku m'mayikowa kukanakhala kotheka kulima chakudya cha anthu.
Tikel anati: “Dziko lonse likadakhala kuti likutsatira zakudya zamasamba—zakudya zamasamba ndi mkaka monga mkaka, tchizi ndi batala,” anatero Tikel, “pakanakhala chakudya chokwanira kudyetsa anthu 6 biliyoni pakali pano. M’chenicheni, ngati aliyense atakhala wosadya ndiwo zamasamba ndi kuchotsa zakudya zonse za nyama ndi mazira, ndiye kuti chiŵerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikanadyetsedwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a nthaka yolimidwa tsopano!
Inde, kudya nyama sikomwe kumayambitsa njala padziko lonse, koma ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu. Ndicholinga choti Musalole kuti wina akuuzeni kuti odya zamasamba amangoganizira za nyama!
“Mwana wanga wamwamuna anandisonkhezera ine ndi mkazi wanga Carolyn kukhala osadya zamasamba. Iye ananena kuti ngati aliyense adya tirigu m’malo mongodyetsa ziweto, palibe amene adzafa ndi njala.” Tony Benn