Anthu akhala akudya nyama kuyambira nthawi ya Ice Age. Panthawiyo, malinga ndi akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu, munthu adachoka ku zakudya za zomera ndikuyamba kudya nyama. "Mwambo" uwu wakhalapo mpaka lero - chifukwa cha kufunikira / mwachitsanzo, pakati pa Eskimos /, chizolowezi kapena moyo. Koma nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake ndi kusamvetsetsana.
Pazaka makumi asanu zapitazi, akatswiri odziwika bwino azaumoyo, akatswiri azakudya komanso akatswiri azamalamulo apeza umboni wokwanira kuti kuti mukhale wathanzi, sikoyenera kudya nyama, m'malo mwake, zakudya zovomerezeka kwa adani zimatha kuvulaza munthu. Tsoka, zamasamba, zochokera pazigawo za filosofi, kawirikawiri zimakhala njira ya moyo. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tisiye mbali ya uzimu yokonda zamasamba pakadali pano - zolemba zambiri zitha kupangidwa pankhaniyi. Tiyeni tikambirane mfundo zenizeni, kunena kwake titero, “zachikunja” zokomera kusiya nyama. Tiyeni tikambirane kaye zomwe zimatchedwa "protein nthano". Izi ndi zomwe zikukhudza. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe anthu ambiri amapewa zamasamba ndi mantha oyambitsa m'thupi kusowa kwa mapuloteni. "Mungapeze bwanji mapuloteni onse abwino omwe mungafune kuchokera ku zomera, zakudya zopanda mkaka?" anthu otero amafunsa. Tisanayankhe funsoli, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti puloteni kwenikweni ndi chiyani. Mu 1838 ndi Dutch chemist Jan Müldscher adalandira chinthu chokhala ndi nayitrogeni, kaboni, haidrojeni, okosijeni komanso, mocheperako, ndi zinthu zina zamakhemikolo. Chigawo ichi, chomwe chimayambitsa zamoyo zonse zapadziko lapansi, wasayansiyo adatcha "chopambana". Pambuyo pake, kufunikira kwenikweni kwa mapuloteni kunatsimikiziridwa: kuti chikhale chamoyo chilichonse, kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kudyedwa. Monga momwe zinakhalira, chifukwa cha izi ndi amino acid, "magwero oyambirira a moyo", omwe mapuloteni amapangidwa. Zonse zodziwika 22 amino zidulo, 8 zomwe zimaganiziridwa akuluakulu /sapangidwa ndi thupi ndipo ayenera kudyedwa ndi chakudya/. Ma amino acid 8 awa ndi awa: lecithin, isolecin, valine, lysine, trypophan, threonine, methionine, chithuvj. Zonsezi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya zoyenera pazakudya zopatsa thanzi. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1950, nyama inkaonedwa ngati gwero labwino kwambiri la mapuloteni, chifukwa ili ndi ma amino acid onse 8 ofunikira, komanso moyenerera. Komabe, masiku ano akatswiri a kadyedwe ka zakudya afika ponena kuti zakudya za m’mbewu monga gwero la mapuloteni si zabwino kokha ngati nyama, komanso kuposa izo. Zomera zimakhalanso ndi ma amino acid onse 8. Zomera zimatha kupanga ma amino acid kuchokera mumpweya, m'nthaka, ndi m'madzi, koma nyama zimatha kupeza mapuloteni kudzera muzomera: kaya kudya, kapena kudya nyama zomwe zadya zomera ndikumwetsa zakudya zonse. Choncho, munthu ali ndi chisankho: kuti awatengere mwachindunji kudzera muzomera kapena mozungulira, pamtengo wamtengo wapatali wachuma ndi chuma - kuchokera ku nyama ya nyama. Mwa njira iyi, Nyama ilibe ma amino acid ena kupatula omwe nyama zimapeza kuchokera ku zomera - ndipo munthu akhoza kuwatenga kuchokera ku zomera. Komanso, zomera zakudya ndi ubwino wina: pamodzi ndi amino zidulo, inu kupeza zinthu zofunika kwambiri mayamwidwe wathunthu wa mapuloteni: chakudya, mavitamini, kufufuza zinthu, mahomoni, chlorophyll, etc. Mu 1954, gulu la asayansi pa Harvard University. adachita kafukufuku ndipo adapeza: ngati munthu amadya nthawi imodzi masamba, dzinthu, mkaka - imakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a tsiku ndi tsiku. Iwo anaganiza kuti kunali kovuta kwambiri kusunga zakudya zosiyanasiyana zamasamba popanda kupitirira chiwerengerochi. Patapita nthawi, mu 1972, Dr. F. Stear anachititsa maphunziro akeake okhudza kudya zakudya zomanga thupi ndi anthu osadya masamba. Zotsatira zake zinali zodabwitsa: ambiri mwa maphunzirowa adalandira maproteni oposa awiri! Chifukwa chake "nthano yokhudzana ndi mapuloteni" idatsutsidwa. Tiyeni tsopano titembenuzire mbali yotsatira ya vuto limene tikukambiranali. Mankhwala amakono amatsimikizira: kudya nyama kumakhala ndi zoopsa zambiri. Oncological и matenda amtima kukhala mliri m’maiko kumene avereji ya munthu aliyense amadya nyama, pamene kuli kwakuti chiŵerengerochi n’chochepa, matenda oterowo ndi osowa kwambiri. Rollo Russell m’buku lake "Zifukwa za Khansa" analemba kuti: “Ndinapeza kuti m’maiko 25 amene anthu ake ambiri amadya zakudya za nyama, 19 ali ndi kansa yochuluka kwambiri, ndipo ndi dziko limodzi lokha limene lili ndi chiŵerengero chochepa kwambiri, pamene panthaŵi imodzimodziyo m’maiko 35 amene nzika zake zimadya nyama. kuchulukirachulukira kapena osadya konse, palibe amene ali ndi kansa yochuluka.” AT "Journal of the American Physicians Association" kwa 1961 akuti "Kusintha kwa zakudya zamasamba mu 90-97% ya milandu kumalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda amtima." Nyama ikaphedwa, zinyalala zake zimasiya kutulutsidwa ndi kayendedwe kake ka magazi ndipo “zimasungidwa” m’thupi lakufa. Chotero odya nyama amamwa zinthu zakupha zimene, m’nyama yamoyo, zimasiya thupi ndi mkodzo. Dokotala Owen S. Parret mu ntchito yanga “Bwanji sindimadya nyama” zindikirani: nyama ikawiritsidwa, zinthu zovulaza zimawonekera mu msuzi, chifukwa chake msuziwo umakhala wofanana ndi mankhwala ndi mkodzo. M'mayiko olemera omwe ali ndi chitukuko chambiri chaulimi, nyama "yolemeretsedwa" ndi zinthu zambiri zovulaza: DDT, arsenic / amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholimbikitsa kukula/, Sodium sulphate / amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa nyama "yatsopano", yofiira magazi /, OF, mahomoni opangidwa /odziwika carcinogen/. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zimakhala ndi ma carcinogens ambiri komanso metastasogens. Mwachitsanzo, makilogalamu 2 okha a nyama yokazinga ali ndi benzopyrene wochuluka mofanana ndi ndudu 600! Mwa kuchepetsa kudya kwa cholesterol, nthawi imodzi timachepetsa mwayi wodziunjikira mafuta, motero chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha matenda amtima kapena apoplexy. Zodabwitsa ngati atherosclerosis, kwa wamasamba - lingaliro losamveka kwathunthu. Buku la Encyclopædia Britannica limati: “Mapuloteni opangidwa ku mtedza, mbewu, ngakhale mkaka amaonedwa kuti ndi osayera kwambiri kusiyana ndi amene amapezeka mu nyama ya ng’ombe—ali ndi pafupifupi 68 peresenti ya zinthu zamadzi zimene zili ndi kachilomboka. "Zonyansa" izi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowononga osati pamtima, komanso thupi lonse. Thupi la munthu ndilo makina ovuta kwambiri. Ndipo, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi galimoto iliyonse, mafuta amodzi amawakwanira bwino kuposa ena. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti nyama ndi mafuta osagwira ntchito bwino pamakinawa, ndipo imabwera pamtengo wokwera. Mwachitsanzo, a Eskimo, omwe makamaka amadya nsomba ndi nyama, amakalamba mofulumira kwambiri. Avereji ya nthawi yawo ya moyo imapitirira pang'ono 30 zaka. Panthawi ina anthu a mtundu wa Kirghiz ankadyanso kwambiri nyama komanso ankakhala ndi moyo wautali 40 zaka ndizosowa kwambiri. Kumbali ina, pali mafuko onga Ahunza amene amakhala ku Himalayas, kapena magulu achipembedzo amene avereji ya moyo wawo imasinthasintha pakati pawo. 80 и 100 kwa zaka! Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti kudya zamasamba ndi chifukwa cha thanzi lawo labwino kwambiri. Amwenye a Maya a ku Yutacan ndi mafuko a Yemeni a gulu la Semitic amadziwikanso chifukwa cha thanzi lawo labwino - kachiwiri chifukwa cha zakudya zamasamba. Ndipo pomaliza, ndikufuna kutsindika chinthu chimodzi. Podya nyama, munthu, monga lamulo, amabisala pansi pa ketchups, sauces ndi gravies. Amachikonza ndikuchisintha m'njira zosiyanasiyana: zokazinga, zithupsa, mphodza, ndi zina zotero. Kodi zonsezi ndi za chiyani? Bwanji osadya nyama yaiwisi, monga zilombo? Akatswiri ambiri azakudya, akatswiri azachilengedwe komanso akatswiri azachipatala awonetsa motsimikizika: anthu sali odya nyama mwachibadwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amasintha mwachangu chakudya chomwe sichidziwika kwa iwo okha. Mwachilengedwe, anthu ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nyama zodya zitsamba monga anyani, njovu, akavalo, ndi ng’ombe kusiyana ndi nyama zolusa monga agalu, akambuku, ndi akambuku. Tinene kuti zolusa sizituluka thukuta; mwa iwo, kusinthana kutentha kumachitika kudzera mwa owongolera a kupuma komanso lilime lotuluka. Nyama zamasamba (ndi anthu) zimakhala ndi zotupa za thukuta chifukwa cha izi, zomwe zimatuluka m'thupi zinthu zovulaza zosiyanasiyana. Zolusa zimakhala ndi mano aatali komanso akuthwa kuti zigwire ndi kupha nyama; herbivores (ndi anthu) ali ndi mano aafupi ndipo alibe zikhadabo. Malovu a nyama zolusa alibe amylase motero sangathe kusweka koyambirira kwa wowuma. Tizilombo timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi ta hydrochloric acid kuti tigaye mafupa. Zilombo zimanyamula madzi, monga mphaka, mwachitsanzo, pamene zinyama (ndi anthu) zimayamwa kudzera m'mano awo. Pali mafanizo ambiri otere, ndipo aliyense wa iwo amachitira umboni: thupi la munthu limafanana ndi zamasamba. Mwangwiro physiologically, anthu si ndinazolowera kudya nyama. Pano pali mikangano yabwino kwambiri yokomera zamasamba.