Chithandizo chamankhwala

Mankhwala a khansa ya m'mimba zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi siteji ndi mlingo wa malignancy (kalasi) wa khansa. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala angapo amaphatikizidwa, monga opaleshoni, radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy.

Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala kumadalira kuyankhulana kosiyanasiyana (osachepera 3 akatswiri osiyanasiyana ayenera kukhalapo: gastroenterologist, oncologist, dokotala wa opaleshoni. dongosolo lamankhwala lokhazikika imapangidwa kwa munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mimba, malingana ndi kalasi ndi kukula kwa matenda awo.

La opaleshoni ndi chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chingachotse chotupacho ndikupangitsa kuchiza kwenikweni. Nthawi zina n’zosatheka kuchotsa chotupacho chifukwa cha kukula kwake kapena chifukwa chakuti khansayo yafalikira ku ziwalo zina. Zikatero, mankhwala amapezeka kuti achepetse kukula kwa matendawa ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro.

opaleshoni

Opaleshoni imaphatikizapo kuchotsa mbali yomwe yakhudzidwa ya m'mimba ndi ma lymph nodes pafupi.

Ngati chotupacho ndi chapamwamba kwambiri (chochepa kwa mucosa pansi pa ulamuliro wa endoscopic echo, ndi mwa anthu osankhidwa), endoscopic resection ndi yotheka kumalo otumizira. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupacho osatsegula pamimba, koma kutulutsa chubu chosinthika kupyola pakamwa kupita m'mimba kuti azitha kuyendetsa zidazo.

Malingana ndi malo a chotupa m'mimba, dokotala wa opaleshoni amachotsa mbali ya mmero (kansa ya proximal), kapena matumbo aang'ono (distal cancer). Pali 2 njira: gawo la gastrectomy, kwa khansa ya mbali yakutali ya m'mimba, kapena gastrectomy yonse.

dokotala wa opaleshoni amapanga oeso-gastric anastomosis, yomwe imakhala yolumikiza mbali ziwiri za m'mimba ndi m'mimba kuti zibwezeretse kupitiriza. Izi zimathandiza kusunga "chitsa cha m'mimba" (chidutswa cha m'mimba) kapena kupeza njira ya eso-jejunal kumene mphuno imagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi matumbo aang'ono (anastomosis ya m'mimba kupita kumatumbo aang'ono).

ngati inu khansa ndi okulirapo, okhudza ziwalo zina zapafupi, pangafunike kuchita opareshoni yowonjezereka komanso yokhudzana ndi ziwalo zoyandikana, makamaka ndulu.

Pambuyo pochita a chodetsa ngakhale okwana, n'zotheka idyani bwino. Komabe, popeza mphamvu ya m'mimba imachepetsedwa (kukhalapo kwa chitsa cham'mimba kapena kusapezeka kwa m'mimba kwathunthu), munthu wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kusintha zakudya zake, mwachitsanzo, kudya zakudya zing'onozing'ono, koma zambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi gastrectomy ayeneranso kutsimikizira Zakudya zowonjezera, monga vitamini B12.

mankhwala amphamvu

Mu khansa ya m'mimba, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo a khansa.

Pankhani ya khansa ya m'deralo, gulu lachipatala likhoza kupereka mankhwala a chemotherapy musanachite opaleshoni (chemotherapy opaleshoni) zomwe zimachepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho, kupangitsa kuti chotupacho chikhale chosavuta pambuyo pake Chemotherapy imathanso kuchitidwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni (chemotherapy). postoperative) Masabata 6 mpaka 8 mutatha opaleshoni, pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereza.

Pankhani ya khansa ya metastatic kapena chotupa chosagwira ntchito, chemotherapy ndiye chithandizo choyenera. Cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa, kuchepetsa zizindikiro, kusintha moyo. Izi zimatchedwa chemotherapy zokoma.

Pali ma protocol ambiri, komanso mayeso angapo opitilira apo kuti afotokozere bwino komanso kothandiza kwambiri.

La cellular microbiology zapangitsa kuti zitheke kumvetsetsa bwino njira za kukula kwa chotupa, ndikukula chithandizo chamankhwala. Zawonetsedwa pama cell a khansa ya m'mimba komanso pa metastases ya mapuloteni a "HER2". Pankhani ya cholandirira chabwino, chemotherapy imawonjezeredwa ku "ma antibodies a monoclonal", omwe amalepheretsa kugawikana ndi chitukuko cha maselo a khansa. Amalimbikitsanso chitetezo chamthupi kuti chithandizire kuwononga maselo a khansa.

Chemotherapy ikhoza kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena pakamwa. Mankhwala a chemotherapy amawononga maselo a khansa, koma amawononganso maselo ena athanzi. Kuti apatse thupi nthawi yochira, chemotherapy imaperekedwa mozungulira. The Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri: nseru, kusanza, kutopa, kusafuna kudya, kuthothoka tsitsi komanso chiopsezo chotenga matenda.

Radiotherapy

La mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono muzochitika za khansa ya m'mimba. Itha kuchitidwa kale, koma nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni, kuphatikiza kapena ayi ndi chemotherapy, yomwe cholinga chake ndikuthandizira radiotherapy. Izi zimatchedwa "radio sensitizing chemotherapy". Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuthetsa ululu wokhudzana ndi chotupa chomwe sichingachotsedwe.

Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo kutsogolera cheza cha ionizing pamalo enaake pa thupi kuti awononge maselo a khansa omwe apanga pamenepo. Popeza kuwala kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kumawononganso maselo athanzi, mankhwalawa ali ndi zosiyana Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimasautsa kwambiri, kutengera munthu amene akulandira chithandizo. Akhoza kumva kutopa, kapena zindikirani kuti khungu m'dera loyatsa ndi lofiira komanso lovuta. Chithandizo cha radiation cha chotupa cha m'mimba chingayambitse kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, kapena nseru. Zotsatira za chithandizo cha ma radiation zimatha pambuyo pa chithandizo, maselo athanzi akayambanso.

Njira zowonjezera

Onani fayilo yathu ya Cancer kuti mudziwe njira zonse zomwe zaphunziridwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi khansa, monga acupuncture, visualization, massage therapy ndi yoga. Njirazi zitha kukhala zoyenera zikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi kuthandizira chithandizo chamankhwala, osati m'malo mwake.