Pamene choyambitsacho chikuchiritsidwa, choyamba chiyenera kuthetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kukonza kapena kusintha valavu ya mtima kumatha kuthaKulephera kwa Mtima.

Ngati sizingatheke kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji pa zomwe zimayambitsa, chithandizo chimafuna kuthetsa zizindikirozo. Ndizotheka kupezanso moyo wabwino ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Ndi mankhwala atsopano, nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kuchepetsa matendawa.

Mfundo yofunikira: mwamsanga matendawa apezeka, mankhwala amathandizira kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamlingo wapamwamba.

ubwino mankhwala kulephera kwa mtima komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi zipatala kumapereka chithandizo chotsatira komanso chidziwitso chonse chofunikira. Mutha kupeza chithandizo chaothandizira angapo: cardiologist, namwino, pharmacist, dietitian, physiotherapist ndi social worker.

Mankhwala

Kwa anthu ambiri, zidzakhala zofunikira kutenga Mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu itatu kapena inayi yamankhwala imaphatikizidwa kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino. Zochita zawo ndizowonjezera: ena, mwachitsanzo, amathandizira limbitsa mtima, ena kuchepetsa kusunga madzi.

Angiotensinogen converting enzyme (ACEI) inhibitors. Ntchito yawo ya vasodilator (yomwe imawonjezera kutsegula kwa mitsempha) imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepetsera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchepetsa khama lofunika ndi wodwalayo. mtima. Komanso amachepetsa kasungidwe ka madzi ndi mchere ndi impso. ACE inhibitors amalepheretsa mapangidwe a angiotensin II, vasoconstrictor (yomwe imachepetsa kutseguka kwa mitsempha) yomwe imawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwala amtunduwu amachititsa chifuwa chopweteka pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Zitsanzo ndi lisinopril, captopril, ndi enalapril.

Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Mankhwalawa amaletsa mphamvu ya vasoconstrictor ya angiotensin II poyiletsa kuti isagwirizane ndi malo ake. Zotsatira zake ndizofanana ndi za ACEI. Zitsanzo ndi losartan ndi valsartan.

Beta-blockers. Mankhwalawa (mwachitsanzo, carvedilol, bisoprolol, ndi metoprolol) amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikupangitsa mtima kugunda bwino.

Ma diuretics. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda oopsa, ma diuretics amathanso kukhala othandiza pakachitika zaKulephera kwa Mtima. Powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo, amathandizira kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo omwe amawunjikana m'mapapo kapena miyendo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi furosemide ndi bumetanide. Komano, ma diuretics awa, amayambitsa kutaya kwa mchere, monga potaziyamu ndi magnesium. Kutenga zowonjezera kumatheka nthawi zina, malinga ndi zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka panthawi yoyezetsa magazi.

Aldosterone antagonists. Mankhwala amtunduwu amakhala ndi okodzetsa koma samataya potaziyamu (potassium-sparing diuretic). Zitsanzo ndi spironolactone ndi eplerenone (Inspra®). Aldosterone ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi adrenal glands chomwe chimawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwala amtunduwu ndi othandiza makamaka pazochitika zaKulephera kwa Mtima kwambiri.

Digoxin. Mphamvu yake ya tonic pamtima imapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kupeza njira zochepetsera mtima. Kuonjezera apo, imachepetsa ndikuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima. Digoxin amatengedwa ku digitalis, chomera cha herbaceous.

Njira ya moyo

Kukweza chikhalidwe cha thupi ilinso mbali ya njira zochiritsira. Zimagwiranso ntchito pozindikira zizindikiro. Chilichonse chomwe chimachepetsa kupsinjika kwa mtima chimakhala ndi phindu:

• Kuchepetsa thupi;
• Zakudya zochepa zowolowa manja komanso zamchere;
• Kusadya pafupipafupi nyama yofiira;
• Chizoloŵezi choyenda;
• Njira zochepetsera nkhawa, etc.

Dokotala kapena namwino ku chipatala cha kulephera kwa mtima amapereka malangizo pa izi.

opaleshoni

Njira zina zopangira opaleshoni zikhoza kuperekedwa pofuna kuchiza chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima. Choncho, n'zotheka kubwezeretsa magazi mumtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa ndi atherosclerosis, mothandizidwa ndi a coronary angioplasty or bypass opaleshoni (Kuti mumve zambiri, onani khadi lathu lokhudza matenda a mtima). Kwa arrhythmias ena, pacemaker yopangira (opanga pacem) kapena chimodzi defibrillator, ngati pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kumangidwa kwa mtima.

• Opaleshoni ya valve. Kulephera kwa mtima kungayambitsidwe ndi kulephera kwa valve mu mtima. Malingana ndi vutoli, dokotala angasankhe kukonza valavu (valvuloplasty) kapena m'malo mwake ndi prosthesis;
• Kuika mtima. Kuika mtima pamtima nthawi zina kumaganiziridwa, makamaka mwa anthu osapitirira zaka 65 chifukwa cha kusowa kwa opereka ziwalo.