Anthu akale ankakhulupirira kuti munthu amalakwa. Ndipo izo ziri bwino. Komanso, katswiri wa sayansi ya zamaganizo Henning Beck ali wotsimikiza kuti ndi bwino kusiya kuchita zinthu mwangwiro ndikudzilola kuti mulakwitse pamene kuli kofunikira kupeza mayankho atsopano, kupanga ndi kupanga.
Ndani sangafune kukhala ndi ubongo wangwiro? Imagwira ntchito mosalakwitsa, mogwira mtima komanso molondola - ngakhale mitengo ikuluikulu komanso kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu. Chabwino, monganso kompyuta yolondola kwambiri! Tsoka ilo, ubongo wa munthu sugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Kulakwitsa ndi mfundo yaikulu ya mmene maganizo athu amagwirira ntchito.
Katswiri wa sayansi ya zinthu zamoyo ndi ubongo Henning Beck akulemba kuti: “Kodi ubongo umalakwitsa mosavuta? Funsani munthu wina wamsika waukulu kwambiri wapaintaneti yemwe anayesa kuyambitsa ma seva zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Anapanga typo yaing'ono pamzere wolamula kuti atsegule ndondomeko yokonza. Ndipo chotsatira chake, mbali zazikulu za maseva zinalephera, ndipo kutayika kunakwera kufika mazana a mamiliyoni a madola. Chifukwa cha typo. Ndipo ziribe kanthu momwe tingayesere, zolakwa izi potsirizira pake zidzachitikanso. Chifukwa ubongo sungakwanitse kuwachotsa. "
Ngati nthawi zonse timapewa zolakwa ndi zoopsa, tidzaphonya mwayi wochita zinthu molimba mtima ndikupeza zotsatira zatsopano.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ubongo umagwira ntchito momveka bwino: kuchokera pa mfundo A kufika pa B. Choncho, ngati pali cholakwika pamapeto pake, timangofunika kufufuza zomwe zalakwika m'magawo apitawo. Pamapeto pake, chilichonse chimene chimachitika chimakhala ndi zifukwa zake. Koma sichoncho kwenikweni - osayang'ana koyamba.
M'malo mwake, madera a ubongo omwe amawongolera zochita ndikupanga malingaliro atsopano akugwira ntchito movutikira. Beck akupereka fanizo - amapikisana ngati ogulitsa pamsika wa alimi. Mpikisano umachitika pakati pa zosankha zosiyanasiyana, machitidwe omwe amakhala muubongo. Zina ndi zothandiza komanso zolondola; zina ndi zosafunikira kwenikweni kapena zolakwika.
“Mukapita kumsika wa alimi, mwaona kuti nthawi zina kutsatsa kwa ogulitsa kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kuposa kupangidwa kwabwino. Motero, zinthu zaphokoso kwambiri m’malo mokhala zabwino koposa zimatha kukhala zopambana. Zomwezo zimatha kuchitika muubongo: machitidwe, pazifukwa zilizonse, amakhala ochulukirapo kotero kuti amapondereza zosankha zina zonse, "Beck amakulitsa lingaliro.
"Dera la msika wa alimi" m'mutu mwathu pomwe zosankha zonse zimafananizidwa ndi basal ganglia. Nthawi zina chimodzi mwazochitazo chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri mpaka chimaphimba chinzake. Chifukwa chake "phokoso" koma zolakwika zimalamulira, zimadutsa mu makina osefera mu anterior cingate cortex ndikubweretsa cholakwika.
N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zikuchitika? Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri. Nthawi zina ndi ziwerengero zenizeni zomwe zimatsogolera ku machitidwe owoneka bwino koma olakwika. "Inuyo mwakumanapo ndi izi mukamayesa kutchula lilime laling'ono mwachangu. Kalankhulidwe kolakwika kamene kamakhala kamene kamakhala kamene kali m’gulu lolondola chifukwa n’kosavuta kutchula,” akutero Dr. Beck.
Umu ndi momwe zopotoza malirime zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe kuganiza kwathu kumakonzedweratu: m'malo mokonzekera chilichonse mwangwiro, ubongo umasankha cholinga chovuta, kupanga zosankha zingapo zomwe mungachite ndikuyesa kusefa yabwino kwambiri. Nthawi zina zimagwira ntchito, nthawi zina zolakwika zimawonekera. Koma mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ubongo umasiya khomo lotseguka kuti uzolowere komanso luso.
Ngati tipenda zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo tikalakwitsa, tikhoza kumvetsetsa kuti madera ambiri akukhudzidwa ndi njirayi - basal ganglia, frontal cortex, motor cortex, ndi zina zotero. Koma dera limodzi likusowa pamndandandawu: lomwe limalamulira mantha. Chifukwa chakuti tilibe mantha obadwa nawo olakwa.
Palibe mwana amene amaopa kuyamba kulankhula chifukwa akhoza kunena zolakwika. Pamene tikukula, timaphunzitsidwa kuti zolakwa ndi zoipa, ndipo nthawi zambiri iyi ndi njira yoyenera. Koma ngati nthawi zonse timayesetsa kupewa zolakwika ndi zoopsa, tidzaphonya mwayi wochita zinthu molimba mtima ndikupeza zotsatira zatsopano.
Kuopsa kwa makompyuta kukhala ngati anthu sikuli kwakukulu monga kuopsa kwa anthu kukhala ngati makompyuta.
Ubongo udzapanga ngakhale malingaliro opanda pake ndi machitidwe, choncho nthawi zonse pali chiopsezo kuti tichite chinachake cholakwika ndikulephera. N’zoona kuti si zolakwa zonse zimene zili zabwino. Ngati tikuyendetsa galimoto, tiyenera kutsatira malamulo apamsewu, ndipo mtengo wa kulakwa ndi wokwera. Koma ngati tikufuna kupanga makina atsopano, tiyenera kulimba mtima kuganiza m’njira imene palibe amene anaiganizirapo m’mbuyomo—osadziwa n’komwe ngati tingapambane. Ndipo palibe chatsopano chomwe chidzachitike kapena kupangidwa ngati nthawi zonse timalakwitsa zolakwika.
"Aliyense amene amalakalaka ubongo" wangwiro "ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti ubongo woterewu ndi wotsutsa, sungathe kusintha ndipo ukhoza kusinthidwa ndi makina. M’malo mongofuna kuchita zinthu mwangwiro, tiyenera kuyamikira luso lathu lolakwira,” akutero Henning Beck.
Dziko labwino ndilo kutha kwa chitukuko. Kupatula apo, ngati zonse zili bwino, tiyenera kupita kuti? Mwinamwake izi n’zimene Konrad Zuse, Mjeremani woyambitsa kompyuta yoyamba yokhoza kulinganizidwa, analingalira ponena kuti: “Kuwopsa kwa makompyuta kukhala ngati anthu sikuli kwakukulu kofanana ndi kuwopsa kwa anthu kukhala ngati makompyuta.”
Za wolemba: Henning Beck ndi biochemist komanso neuroscientist.