Dysphasia ndi vuto lokhazikika komanso lokhalitsa pakuphunzira ndi chitukuko cha chinenero chapakamwa. Dysphasics, monga dyslexics, ndi ana opanda mbiri, anzeru zachibadwa komanso opanda minyewa, vuto lakumva, chilema cha anatomical, kusokonezeka kwa umunthu kapena kuperewera kwa maphunziro.
Momwemo
Kodi muli ndi mnyamata? Yang'anani izi: amuna ang'onoang'ono amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa atsikana.
Mitundu ya dysphasia
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya dysphasia: kulandira dysphasia (yachilendo) ndi dysphasia yowonekera.
Poyamba, mwanayo amamva molondola koma sangathe kusanthula phokoso la chinenero ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zikugwirizana nazo.
M’nkhani yachiwiri, wachinyamatayo amamvetsa zonse zimene wamva koma satha kusankha mawu oyenerera kapena mawu omveka bwino.
Nthawi zina, dysphasia ikhoza kusakanikirana, ndiko kuti, kuphatikiza mitundu iwiriyi.
M'zochita, ndi dysphasic samatha kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero kusinthana, kufotokoza maganizo ake ndi ena. Mosiyana ndi luso lake lolankhula, ntchito zina zapamwamba (maluso agalimoto, luntha) zimasungidwa.
Madigiri a kuopsa kwa matendawa ndi osiyanasiyana: kumvetsetsa, mawu, mawu ofotokozera amatha kutheka mpaka kulepheretsa kufalitsa uthenga.
Momwemo
1% ya anthu akusukulu angakhudzidwe ndi matendawa, omwe alipo kuyambira pachiyambi cha kuphunzira chinenero chapakamwa.
Dysphasia: mayeso otani?
Dokotala adzalembera, ngati sichinachitike kale, kufufuza kwa ENT (otolaryngology) ndi kuyesa kumva.
Ngati palibe vuto lakumva, pitani kwa neuropsychologist ndi olankhula mawu kuti muwunike kwathunthu.
Nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala olankhula zomwe zimadziwika kuti dysphasia.
Koma musayembekezere kukhala ndi matenda omveka bwino, otsimikizika mpaka mutakwanitsa zaka zisanu. Poyamba, wolankhulira amakayikira kuti ali ndi vuto la dysphasia ndipo amaika chisamaliro choyenera. Mkhalidwe womwe Hélène akukumana nawo pano: " Thomas, wazaka 5, watsatiridwa kwa zaka 2 ndi wothandizira kulankhula pamlingo wa magawo awiri pa sabata. Poganizira za dysphasia, adamuyesa. Malinga ndi neuro-pediatrician, ndi molawirira kwambiri kunena. Adzamuwonanso kumapeto kwa 2007. Pakalipano tikukamba za kuchedwa kwa chinenero.".
Kusanthula kwa m'maganizo amakulolani kuti muwone ngati palibe zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa (kusokonekera kwamalingaliro, kuperewera kwa chidwi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi) ndikutanthauzira mtundu wa dysphasia womwe mwana wanu amadwala. Chifukwa cha kuyezetsa uku, adotolo azindikira zofooka ndi mphamvu za wodwala wake wamng'ono ndipo adzamuuza kuti amuchiritse.
Mayeso azilankhulo Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi olankhulira kumakhazikitsidwa pa nkhwangwa zitatu zofunika pakumanga ndi kulinganiza ntchito ya chinenero: kuyankhulana kosalankhula ndi kulankhulana, luso lachidziwitso, luso loyankhula bwino. Kunena zoona, ndi za kubwerezabwereza kwa mawu, kayimbidwe ka mawu ndi mawu, mayina a zithunzi ndi machitidwe operekedwa pakamwa. |
Ndi chithandizo chanji cha dysphasia?
Palibe chinsinsi: kuti ipitirire patsogolo, iyenera kulimbikitsidwa.
Fotokozani nokha m'chinenero cha tsiku ndi tsiku, mophweka, popanda "mwana" kapena mawu ovuta kwambiri.
Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la dysphasia amakonda kusokoneza phokoso linalake, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa tanthauzo. Kugwiritsira ntchito chowonera kapena kuchita mazenera kuti kuperekedwe ndi mawu enaake ndi njira yomwe madokotala amalangizidwa ndi akatswiri owongolera chilankhulo. Koma musasokoneze "chinyengo" ichi, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'kalasi ndi mphunzitsi, ndi kuphunzira chinenero chamanja chovuta kwambiri.
Kupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono
Dysphasia ndi vuto lomwe limatha kusinthika popanda kutha. Kutengera ndi vutolo, kupita patsogolo kumakhala pang'onopang'ono. Choncho padzakhala kofunika kukhala woleza mtima ndipo osataya mtima. Cholinga si kupeza chinenero changwiro zivute zitani, koma mulingo woyenera kulankhulana.
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