Them'mnyewa wamtima infarction limafanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbali ya mtima minofu yotchedwa myocardium. Zimachitika pamene, mwachitsanzo, a chovala imalepheretsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m'mitsempha yapamtima, yomwe imatumiza magazi kumtima. Yotsirizirayo imasathiridwa bwino ndipo minofu yamtima imawonongeka.

Myocardial infarction, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa matenda a mtima kapena pachimake coronary syndrome, amapha pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya milandu. Zizindikiro zoyamba zikawoneka, ndikofunikira kupewa chithandizo. Thandizo loyamba lidzaperekedwa mu ambulansi ndiyeno kuchipatala kudzakhala kofunikira. Kenaka, chisamaliro cha nthawi yaitali chidzaperekedwa, makamaka kupewa matenda atsopano a mtima kapena maonekedwe a matenda a mtima. Chisamaliro cha pambuyo pa infarction chidzakhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, kukonzanso mtima kwa mtima kapena kusintha kwa moyo.

Myocardial infarction imayamba chifukwa cha mtsempha wamagazi womwe umatsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima ukhale wochepa mpweya wabwino, ndikuwonongeka kwa gawo lina la myocardium. Popanda mpweya, maselo a minofu iyi amafa: tikukamba necrosis. Mitsempha ya myocardium imachepa pang'onopang'ono, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima kumawonekera ndipo, ngati palibe chomwe chachitika, mtima umasiya kugunda. Kuti mupewe zotsatira zakuphazi, ndikofunikira kumasula mtsempha wamagazi mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Koma kodi mtsempha wa magazi ungatsekedwe bwanji? Olakwa ndi atheroma plaques. Zopangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta, zolemberazi zimatha kupanga pamlingo wa makoma a mitsempha ya magazi, motero a mitsempha ya mitsempha, yomwe imapereka mtima. Ngati cholembera cha atheromatous chaphulika ndikupanga magazi, chingayambitse myocardial infarction.

Zizindikiro za infarction ya myocardial ndizodziwika bwino: kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, thukuta, kugunda kwamtima kosakhazikika, kusapeza bwino m'manja kapena mkono, etc.

Komabe zilipo mtima chete. Munthu amene ali nacho sakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Mtima wopanda phokoso ukhoza kukhala wosazindikirika koma umapezeka panthawi ya mayeso monga EKG. Mtima wopanda phokoso umenewu umakhudza kwambiri anthu odwala matenda a shuga.

timakumbukira : Mtima ndi mpope womwe umagawa magazi ku ziwalo zonse. The myocardium ndi udindo kuthirira thupi ndi magazi choncho mpweya. 

Kukula

Ku France kuli pafupifupi 100.000 myocardial infarction pachaka. Oposa 5% mwa omwe akhudzidwawo amwalira mkati mwa ola limodzi, pafupifupi 15% mchaka chotsatira. Chiwopsezo cha imfachi chatsika kwambiri m'zaka 10, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyankha kwa SAMU komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito zothandizira matenda a mtima. Ziwerengero zaku US zimalankhula za 8000.00 milandu yapachaka ndi 90 mpaka 95% kupulumuka kwa odwala omwe agonekedwa m'chipatala pambuyo pa infarction ya myocardial.

matenda

Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodziwika kwambiri ndipo zimalola dokotala kuti adziwe matenda mwamsanga. Kuzindikira uku kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana ndi mayeso monga electrocardiogram. ECG imakupatsani mwayi wowonetsa mawonekedwentchito zamagetsi za mtima ndipo motero, kuzindikira chodabwitsa. Idzawonetsa ngati matenda a mtima ayamba kapena zikuchitika. Kuyeza magazi kudzazindikira kukhalapo kwa michere ya mtima m'magazi yomwe imawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa gawo lina la mtima. X-ray ingakhale yofunikira, makamaka kuonetsetsa kuti mapapo sakhudzidwa. Coronary angiography, x-ray yomwe imalola kuwonetsetsa kwa mitsempha yam'mitsempha, imathanso kupangitsa kuti zitheke kutsika kwapakati pamitsempha iyi komanso kukhalapo kwa cholembera cha atheromatous.

Zimayambitsa

Kukhalapo kwa atheroma plaque, wopangidwa makamaka ndi cholesterol, angafotokoze maonekedwe a matenda a mtima. Cholemba ichi chikhoza kutsekereza mtsempha wa mtima ndi kulepheretsa mtima kuperekedwa ndi magazi oyenera.

Matenda a mtima amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha mtundu wina mpweya pamlingo wa mtsempha wamagazi. Kenako magazi amasokonekera. Kupweteka uku kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala monga cocaine. Zitha kuwonekeranso potsatira kung'ambika kwa mtsempha wa mtima kapena pamene magazi akuchepa kwambiri, ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kutsika kwambiri mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimatchedwa hypovolemic shock.

Mavuto

Zovuta za matenda a mtima zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa minofu ya mtima yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi vuto la mtima. Malo aakulu kwambiri, m'pamenenso amavutika kwambiri. Munthuyo angakhale nazo arrhythmia, ndiko kunena kuti kusokonezeka kwa kayimbidwe ka mtima, kulephera kwa mtima kapena ngakhale mavuto ndi imodzi mwa ma valve a mtima, valavu yomwe mwina yawonongeka panthawi ya kuukira. Matenda a mtima amathanso kukhala ovuta chifukwa cha sitiroko. Matenda a mtima atsopano amathanso kuchitika.

Kuopsa kwa zovuta kudzawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso atsopano: ECG, ultrasound, coronary angiography, scintigraphy (kuyesa kugwira ntchito kwa mtima) kapena kuyesa kupanikizika. Chithandizo cha mankhwala chidzaperekedwanso.