Scarlet fever. Zakudya za scarlet fever

Kodi scarlet fever ndi chiyani

Scarlet fever ndi pachimake matenda opatsirana amene kutentha thupi limatuluka, totupa pakhungu, ndipo pakhosi amayamba kupweteka. Matendawa amayamba ndi Streptococcus pyogenes, bakiteriya wa mtundu wa beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

Mitundu ya scarlet fever

Scarlet fever imachitika:

• Extrapharyngeal. Ma lymph nodes a m'chigawo ndi oropharynx amakhudzidwa, koma matonsi amakhalabe osasunthika. Pali mitundu iwiri:
  - atypical;
  - wamba.
• Pharyngeal:
  - atypical;
  - wamba.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya matendawa imatha kukhala yofatsa, yocheperako komanso yowopsa. Ndi kutentha pang'ono kofiira, kutentha kumakwera mpaka 38.5 ° C, pali zilonda zapakhosi, zotupa zofatsa zimawonekera pathupi. Zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse limodzi ndi kutentha thupi, purulent tonsillitis, zizindikiro za kuledzera kwa thupi ndi zidzolo zambiri. Chiwombankhanga choopsa kwambiri, chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Septic. Necrotic angina imayamba. Njira yotupa imakhudza minofu yozungulira, nasopharynx, oropharynx, lymph nodes, m'kamwa.
• Zapoizoni. Kuledzera kumatchulidwa (kugwedezeka kwapakhungu kumatha kuchitika). Kutentha kumakwera kufika pa 41°C. Wodwala akhoza kukhala ndi ziwonetsero, zonyenga, kukomoka. Kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka ( tachycardia ). Kusanza kungayambe.
• Poizoni-septic. Imawonekera ndi zizindikiro zamitundu yonse ya septic komanso poizoni.

Chiwopsezo chofiira cha Atypical nthawi zonse chimapita mosavuta (ndi zizindikiro zofufutika). Wodwala akhoza pang'ono redden tonsils, pali limodzi tonsils pa thunthu.

Zifukwa za scarlet fever

The causative wothandizira wa scarlet fever ana ndi akulu ndi gulu A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Gwero lake ndi chonyamulira (munthu samakayikira kuti ali ndi kachilombo) kapena munthu wodwala. Odwala amapatsirana makamaka m'masiku oyambirira. Chiwopsezo chopatsira matendawa kwa ena chimatha patangotha ​​​​masabata atatu zizindikiro zayamba.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, 15-20% ya anthu ndi asymptomatic zonyamulira ofiira malungo. Nthawi zina munthu akhoza kukhala gwero la matenda kwa zaka zingapo.

Streptococcus imafalikira ndi madontho a mpweya (makina a aerosol) ndi njira zapakhomo. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amachitulutsa m'malo akamatsokomola, akuyetsemula, pokambirana. Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tilowa m'zakudya, njira yopatsira matendawa siyingayikidwe. Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi komwe amapatsira matendawa amakhala ndi kachilomboka.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti chiwopsezo chachilengedwe ku Streptococcus pyogenes ndichokwera kwambiri. Chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayamba mwa iwo omwe ali kale ndi chiwopsezo chofiira chimakhala chokhazikika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chotenga mitundu ina ya streptococcus chimakhalabe.

Iwo anaona kuti pachimake cha wofiira malungo akuluakulu ndi ana amapezeka m'dzinja ndi yozizira.

The pathogenesis wa scarlet fever

Matendawa amalowa m'thupi kudzera mu mucous nembanemba ya nasopharynx, mmero kapena ziwalo zoberekera (kawirikawiri). Nthawi zina chipata cholowera ku Streptococcus pyogenes mabakiteriya ndi khungu lowonongeka.

Pamalo oyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, njira yopatsirana yam'deralo imapangidwa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timachulukana timatulutsa poizoni m'magazi. Kuledzera kumayamba. Kukhalapo kwa poizoni m'magazi kumayambitsa kufalikira kwa zotengera zazing'ono m'ziwalo zamkati ndi khungu. Chiphuphu chikuwonekera. Pambuyo pake, chitetezo cha antitoxic chimayamba kupanga mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka - zotupa, pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za kuledzera, zimatha.

Ngati bakiteriya Streptococcus pyogenes mwiniwake amalowa m'magazi, ma meninges, lymph nodes, minofu ya chigawo cha temporal, chithandizo chakumva, ndi zina zotero. Zotsatira zake, kutupa kwakukulu kwa purulent-necrotic kumayamba.

Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitukuko cha scarlet fever

Zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa matendawa, madokotala akuphatikizapo:

• nthawi ya autumn-yozizira;
• kuchepa kwa chitetezo;
• fuluwenza, SARS;
• matenda aakulu a pharynx ndi tonsils.

Zizindikiro za scarlet fever akuluakulu ndi ana

Makulitsidwe nthawi ya scarlet fever ndi kuyambira 1 mpaka 12 masiku (nthawi zambiri 2-4 masiku). Matendawa amayamba kwambiri. Kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera, zizindikiro za kuledzera zimawonekera:

• kupweteka kwa minofu ;
• kufooka ;
• palpitations;
• mutu.

Kutentha thupi kungatsatidwe ndi kugona ndi mphwayi , kapena, mosiyana, euphoria, kuwonjezeka kwa kuyenda. Chifukwa cha kuledzera, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amasanza.

Zizindikiro zina za scarlet fever ndi:

• Kupweteka pakhosi pakumeza . Ma tonsils, matako a lilime, mkamwa wofewa ndi khoma lakumbuyo la pharyngeal amakhala hyperemic. Nthawi zina, follicular-lacunar tonsillitis imapezeka. Ndiye mucosa yokutidwa ndi zolengeza purulent, necrotic kapena fibrous chikhalidwe.
• Kukula kwa ma lymph nodes m'dera. Iwo amakhala wandiweyani kwambiri, zowawa pa palpation.
• Lilime lofiira . Pa tsiku la 4-5 la matenda, lilime limakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira wonyezimira, zolengeza kuchokera pamwamba pake zimasowa. Pali papillary hypertrophy.
• Kudetsa kwa milomo mu kapezi (chizindikiro cha scarlet fever mwa akulu, mawonekedwe amtundu woopsa wa matendawa).
• Zotupa zazing'ono. Kuwonekera pa 1-2 tsiku matenda. Mfundo za mthunzi wakuda zimapangidwira pakhungu la nkhope ndi kumtunda kwa thupi, pambuyo pake pamtunda wa mikono, ntchafu zamkati, ndi mbali. Kukhuthala mu makutu a khungu, amapanga mikwingwirima yofiyira yakuda. Nthawi zina zidzolo zimalumikizana kukhala erytherma imodzi yayikulu.
• Kusakhalapo kwa zidzolo mu makona atatu a nasolabial (chizindikiro cha Filatov). M'dera lino, khungu, m'malo mwake, limakhala lotumbululuka.
• Kutaya magazi pang'ono . Amapangidwa chifukwa cha fragility ya mitsempha yamagazi, kufinya kapena kukangana kwa khungu lomwe lakhudzidwa.

Pa tsiku la 3-5, zizindikiro za scarlet fever zimayamba kuchepa. Zidzolo pang'onopang'ono amasanduka wotumbululuka ndipo patatha masiku 4-9 kutha kwathunthu. Pambuyo pake, makanda ang'onoang'ono amakhalabe pakhungu (mabala akulu nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamapazi ndi kanjedza).

Kwa akuluakulu, chiwopsezo chofiira chikhoza kukhala chopanda zizindikiro (mawonekedwe ochotsedwa). Wodwala amangozindikira:

• chiphuphu chochepa, chotumbululuka chomwe chimatha msanga;
• kuphulika pang'ono kwa pharynx.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zofanana, funsani dokotala mwamsanga . Ndikosavuta kupewa matenda kuposa kuthana ndi zotsatira zake.

Kuzindikira kwa scarlet fever

Chithunzi chodziwika bwino chachipatala chimalola madokotala kuti adziwe matenda okhudzana ndi thupi komanso kuyankhulana. Kuzindikira kwa labotale kwa scarlet fever kumaphatikizapo kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi, komwe kumatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa matenda a bakiteriya:

• kuchuluka kwa ESR;
• neutrophilic leukocytosis;
• kusintha kwa leukocyte formula kumanzere.

RKA ndi njira yeniyeni kufotokoza diagnostics ofiira malungo akuluakulu ndi ana.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zovuta za dongosolo la mtima, amatumizidwa kukawonana ndi katswiri wamtima ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuchita ultrasound ndi ECG ya mtima. Ndi zizindikiro za otitis media, kufufuza ndi otolaryngologist kumasonyezedwa. Kuti muwone momwe ntchito ya mkodzo imagwirira ntchito, ultrasound ya impso imachitidwa.

Chithandizo cha Scarlet fever

Mu mawonekedwe owopsa a njira ya wodwala ndi scarlet fever, amaikidwa m'chipatala. Muzochitika zina zonse, ndizotheka kulandira chithandizo kunyumba. Wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kupuma kwa bedi kwa sabata imodzi. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi. Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa anginal zizindikiro, zokonda ayenera theka-zamadzimadzi ndi wofatsa mbale.

Kuti athetse vuto loyipa la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, "Penicillin" imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa maphunziro a masiku khumi. Cefazolin, Erythromycin, cephalosporins ndi macrolides a m'badwo woyamba angagwiritsidwenso ntchito.

Ngati pali zotsutsana ndi mankhwalawa antibacterial, lincosamides kapena penicillin zopanga zimayikidwa. Thandizo lovutirapo lingaphatikizeponso kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo maantibayotiki okhala ndi seramu ya antitoxic (zokonzekera zachitetezo zopangidwa ndi magazi a anthu oteteza thupi, nyama).

Kuchiza kwa chimfine chofiira kumaphatikizapo kugwedeza ndi yankho la "Furacilin" (lomwe limachepetsedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5000) kapena decoctions wokonzedwa ndi zitsamba zamankhwala (calendula, bulugamu, chamomile).

Ngati zizindikiro za kuledzera kwa thupi zidziwika, zotsitsa zokhala ndi glucose kapena gemodez zimayikidwa. Pankhani ya kuphwanya kwa mtima, othandizira amtima amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Camphor, Ephedrine, Cordamine.

Komanso, chithandizo cha scarlet fever chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito:

• Mankhwala oletsa antihistamine ("Cetrin", "Loratadin") - amathandizira kuti pasakhale zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi zovuta.
• Kukonzekera kwa cholinga cholimbitsa makoma a mitsempha ("Galascorbin", "Ascorutin") - kuchepetsa zotsatira zoipa za poizoni pa ma capillaries a magazi.
• Antipyretics ("Ibuprofen", "Paracetamol") - normalize kutentha kwa thupi, kuthetsa mutu ndi ululu minofu.

Physiotherapy pa chithandizo cha scarlet fever akulimbikitsidwa:

• Kuyatsa kwa matani ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (kumathandizira kuwononga mabakiteriya).
• UHF-therapy (imathandizira kuchiritsa khungu lowonongeka, imakhala ndi anti-yotupa).
• Centimeter wave (CMV) mankhwala a tonsils (ma microwave amagwiritsidwa ntchito).
• KUV-therapy (amatsuka tonsils ndi tonsils kuchokera ku plaque).
• Magnetic laser therapy (amawonjezera ntchito ya maselo a chitetezo chamthupi, normalizes kufalikira kwa magazi).

Folk azitsamba zochizira chimfine

Maphikidwe a anthu amathandizira kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi scarlet fever:

• Muzimutsuka muzu wa horseradish, zouma ndi kuwaza pa grater. Thirani 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira kwa maola atatu. Gargle ndi chifukwa pakhosi 3 pa tsiku.
• Sakanizani theka la galasi la madzi a beetroot omwe angophwanyidwa kumene ndi 1 tsp. apulo cider viniga, 1 tsp uchi wachilengedwe ndi theka la galasi lamadzi ofunda. Gwiritsani ntchito gargle mukatha kudya.
• Theka la galasi la maluwa a calendula kutsanulira 1/2 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuphika mu madzi osamba kwa theka la ola. Sunse yopyapyala mu chifukwa msuzi ndi ntchito kwa zidzolo.
• 1 tsp pogaya phula ndi kutsanulira kapu ya mkaka. Khalani mu osamba madzi kwa mphindi 15. Imwani musanagone, mutatsuka pakhosi.
• Sakanizani licorice ndi ufa wa ginger molingana. 1 tbsp chifukwa osakaniza kutsanulira 1 tbsp. madzi otentha. Siyani kuti mulowe kwa theka la ola. Senani ndi kumwa.
• Muzimutsuka ndi kuwaza parsley mizu. Thirani spoonful wa amadyera 1 tbsp. madzi otentha. Kuumirira 20-25 Mphindi. Kupsyinjika kudzera cheesecloth. Tengani 3 tbsp. 4 pa tsiku.
• 1 tbsp kuchepetsa citric acid mu kapu ya madzi ofunda. Gargle ndi chifukwa njira 4 pa tsiku. Amaloledwanso nthawi kutafuna magawo a mandimu.

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!