Bullous pemphigoid ndimatenda akhungu (dermatosis).

Yotsirizira amakhala ndi kukula kwa thovu lalikulu pa erythematous zolengeza (zofiira zofiira pa khungu). Kuwonekera kwa thovu kumabweretsa zotupa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuyabwa. (1)

Ndi matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha, zotsatira za kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi mwa munthu wokhudzidwayo. Lamuloli la chitetezo cha mthupi limapangidwa ndikupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi thupi lawo.

Matendawa ndi osowa koma atha kukhala owopsa. Amafuna chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali. (1)

Ngakhale kuti ndi matenda osowa, imakhalanso yofala kwambiri yamatenda amadzimadzi okhaokha. (2)

Kukula kwake ndi 1/40 (kuchuluka kwa milandu pamunthu aliyense) ndipo imakhudza kwambiri okalamba (pafupifupi azaka pafupifupi 000, ndikuwopsa pang'ono kwa amayi).

Maonekedwe achichepere amakhalaponso ndipo amakhudza mwanayo mchaka choyamba cha moyo wake. (3)

Bullous pemphigoid ndi dermatosis yoyambira yokha. Yemwe akudwala matendawa amatulutsa ma antibodies olimbana ndi thupi lake (autoantibodies). Izi zimayambitsa mitundu iwiri ya mapuloteni: AgPB230 ndi AgPB180 yomwe ili pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zoyambirira za khungu (pakati pa khungu ndi khungu). Mwa kuyambitsa kupatukana pakati pa magawo awiri a khungu, ma auto-antibodies awa amatsogolera pakupanga thovu lomwe limadziwika ndi matendawa. (1)

Zizindikiro zowopsa za bullous pemphigoid ndikuwoneka kwa thovu lalikulu (pakati pa 3 ndi 4 mm) ndi mtundu wowala. Mphuno izi zimachitika makamaka pakhungu lofiira (erythematous), koma zimatha kuwonekera pakhungu labwino.

Zilonda za Epidermal nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'kati mwa thunthu ndi miyendo. Nkhope nthawi zambiri imapulumuka. (1)

Pruritus wa khungu (kuyabwa), nthawi zina molawirira pomwe thovu limawonekera, ndilofunikanso pa matendawa.

Mitundu ingapo ya matenda yawonetsedwa: (1)

- zowombetsa mkota mawonekedwe, amene zizindikiro za maonekedwe a thovu lalikulu loyera ndi kuyabwa. Fomuyi ndiyofala kwambiri.

- mawonekedwe osungunuka, omwe amafotokozedwa ndikuwoneka kwamatuza ochepa m'manja ndi kuyabwa kwambiri. Fomuyi ndi yocheperako.

- mawonekedwe am'minyemba: monga dzina lake likusonyezera, zimabweretsa zigamba za ming'oma zomwe zimayambitsanso kuyabwa kwambiri.

- mawonekedwe ofanana ndi prurigo, kuyabwa komwe kumafalikira koma kwakukulu. Mtundu wamatendawa amathanso kuyambitsa tulo pamutu womwe wakhudzidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, si thovu lomwe limadziwika ngati mtundu wa prurigo koma ma crusts.

Odwala ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Ena amakhala ofiira pang'ono, kuyabwa, kapena kukwiya. Pomaliza, milandu yofala kwambiri imakhala yofiira komanso kuyabwa kwambiri.

Matuza amatha kuphulika ndikupanga zilonda kapena zilonda zotseguka. (4)

Bullous pemphigoid ndimatenda okhaokha a dermatosis.

Chiyambi cha matendawa chimabweretsa kupanga ma antibodies (mapuloteni a chitetezo cha mthupi) ndi thupi motsutsana ndi maselo ake. Kupanga kwa autoantibodies kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi / kapena ziwalo komanso zotupa.

Malongosoledwe enieni a chodabwitsa ichi sanadziwikebe. Komabe, zinthu zina zimatha kulumikizana molunjika kapena molunjika ndi kukula kwa autoantibodies. Izi ndi zachilengedwe, mahomoni, zamankhwala kapena ngakhale majini. (1)

Ma autoantibodies opangidwa ndi omwe akhudzidwa amakhudzidwa ndi mapuloteni awiri: BPAG1 (kapena AgPB230) ndi BPAG2 (kapena AgPB180). Mapuloteniwa ali ndi gawo lofunikira pamphambano pakati pa dermis (m'munsi wosanjikiza) ndi epidermis (kumtunda wosanjikiza). Ma macromolecule awa akuwombedwa ndi ma autoantibodies, khungu limasunthika ndikupangitsa thovu kuwonekera. (2)

Kuphatikiza apo, palibe chopatsirana chomwe chingagwirizane ndi matendawa. (1)

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikilo zimawoneka mwadzidzidzi komanso mosayembekezereka.

Bullous pemphigoid sichoncho: (3)

- matenda;

- ziwengo;

- chikhalidwe chokhudzana ndi moyo kapena zakudya.

Bullous pemphigoid ndimatenda amthupi okhaokha, ndiye kuti si matenda obadwa nawo.

Komabe, kupezeka kwa majini ena kumatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa kwa anthu omwe anyamula majini amenewa. Mwina pali chibadwa china.

Chiwopsezo choterechi chimakhala chochepa kwambiri. (1)

Popeza kuti zaka zapakati pakukula kwa matenda zili pafupifupi 70, msinkhu wa munthu ukhoza kukhala chiopsezo chowonjezerapo chokhala ndi bullous pemphigoid.

Kuphatikiza apo, sitiyenera kunyalanyaza kuti matendawa amafotokozedwanso kudzera mwa mawonekedwe achichepere. (3)

Kuphatikiza apo, kutsogola pang'ono kwa matenda kumawonekera mwa akazi. Kugonana kwachikazi chifukwa chake kumapangitsa kuti akhale chiopsezo. (3)

The masiyanidwe matenda a matenda makamaka zithunzi: maonekedwe a thovu bwino pakhungu.

Matendawa amatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi biopsy ya khungu (kutenga zitsanzo kuchokera pakhungu lowonongeka kuti liwunikidwe).

Kugwiritsa ntchito immunofluorescence kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pakuwonetsa ma antibodies kutsatira kuyesa magazi. (3)

Mankhwala omwe adalembedwa potengera kupezeka kwa bullous pemphigoid amayesetsa kuchepetsa kukula kwa thovu ndikuchiritsa thovu lomwe lakhalapo pakhungu. (3)

Chithandizo chofala kwambiri chokhudzana ndi matendawa ndi systemic corticosteroid therapy.

Komabe, mitundu yamtundu wa bullous pemphigoid, topical corticosteroid therapy (yongogwiritsa ntchito komwe mankhwalawo agwiritsidwa ntchito), kuphatikiza kalasi I dermatocorticoids (mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira khungu). (2)

Mankhwala a maantibayotiki am'banja la tetracycline (omwe nthawi zina amaphatikizidwa ndi kudya kwa vitamini B) amathanso kukhala othandiza ndi dokotala.

Chithandizo chimaperekedwa nthawi yayitali ndipo chimakhala chothandiza. Kuphatikiza apo, kubwereranso kwa matendawa nthawi zina kumawonekera mutasiya mankhwala. (4)

Mukazindikira kupezeka kwa bullous pemphigoid, kufunsa kwa dermatologist ndikofunikira. (3)