Pemphigus

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa

Ichi ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amachokera pakokha omwe amakhudza khungu ndi khungu. Pemphigus amatha kukula msinkhu uliwonse, komabe, nthawi zambiri amakhudza amuna ndi akazi omwe adutsa zaka 40, matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri kwa anthu azaka 40-45, ndipo sapezeka ana. Gawo la pemphigus limakhala pafupifupi 1% yamatenda apakhungu.

Zimayambitsa

Malangizo a pemphigus sakanatha kukhazikitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kafukufuku watsimikizira kuti chifukwa cha kudwala kwa khungu ndikulephera kwa chitetezo cha mthupi.^[3].

Ntchito ya chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuteteza kuzinthu zakunja. Matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa chodzitchinjiriza amachitika chifukwa chofooka, chitetezo cha mthupi chimagunda maselo amthupi, ngati khungu la pemphigus. Ma antibodies opangidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi molakwika amalimbana ndi mapuloteni omwe amakhala kumtunda kwa khungu labwino. Ma demosomes, omwe ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira pakati pa khungu pakhungu la autoantibodies, amataya kulumikizana kwawo ndikuwonongeka, ndipo malo opanda kanthu amadzaza ndi ma cell a intercellular, chifukwa cha zomwe ma acantholytic vesicles amapangidwa (chifukwa chake dzina la matenda).

Zowopsa pakukula kwa pemphigus zitha kukhala zowoneka bwino (matenda opatsirana, mavairasi, ntchito zamaluso) ndi zoyambitsa, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimayambitsa majini. Zifukwa za kukula kwa pemphigus kumatha kukhala mantha mwamphamvu, komanso kudwala kwa adrenal cortex.

Ogwira ntchito zaulimi, omwe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso ogwira ntchito pazitsulo komanso nyumba zosindikiza, atha kukhala ndi pemphigus.

Mitundu ndi zizindikilo

Makhalidwe omwe amapezeka mu matendawa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi ma serous, omwe amapezeka pamthupi la wodwalayo, kutengera mtundu wa pemphigus:

• zamanyazi - amasiyana thovu thayala woonda ndi flaccid thupi. Ndi mawonekedwe oyipa kapena wamba, thovu kumayambiliro a matendawa limapezeka m'malo am'mimbamo ya m'mphuno ndi pakamwa, kotero odwala amapita kwa dokotala wa mano ndipo amathandizidwa mosaphula kanthu, kuwononga nthawi. Odwala ali ndi nkhawa za kununkha pakamwa, kupweteka pakamwa ndikudya, kuyankhula komanso kumeza malovu. Odwala samazindikira nthawi zonse thovu laling'ono lomwe limangotseguka lokha, chifukwa chake madandaulo akulu ndi kukokoloka kopweteka mkamwa, komwe madokotala amazindikira kuti ndi stomatitis. Ndi pemphigus vulgaris, zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimatseguka zotupazo zikaphatikizana zimapanga zilonda zazikulu. Mosiyana ndi stomatitis, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukokoloka ndi zokutira zoyera, zilonda za pemphigus zimakhala ndi pinki wowala komanso malo owala. Pamene kholingo limakhudzidwa ndi pemphigus, mawu a wodwalayo amasokosera;
• aliraza mawonekedwe a pemphigus amadziwika ndi kuti imakhudza khungu la chifuwa, nkhope, khosi ndi khungu. Zotupa za seborrheic zachilengedwe zokhala ndi malire omveka bwino zimakutidwa ndi zotupa zakuda kapena zachikaso; ikatsegulidwa, kukokoloka kumawonekera. Mtundu wa pemphigus siwophweka kuwazindikira, chifukwa chake mawonekedwe am'mimba amatha kupezeka kwazaka zopitilira chaka chimodzi, ndipo akakula, amatha kuwonetsa zonyansa;
• woboola masamba - zotupa za erythema-squamous zitha kuchitika kumadera omwe adakhudzidwa kale ndi khungu, kenako kumatuluka thovu lokhala ndi makoma ochepera, ndikupanga kukokoloka, komwe kumawuma ndikukhala ndi zotupa za lamellar. Mtundu uwu wa pemphigus, monga lamulo, umakhudza khungu, thovu laling'ono limafalikira mwachangu pakhungu labwino, nthawi zina, zotupa za mucous zimawonongeka;
• zamasamba mawonekedwewo amawonetsedwa ndi thovu m'khola la khungu, m'malo mwa thovu, kukokoloka ndi fungo lonunkhira komanso mawonekedwe a purulent pakapita nthawi.

Kuphatikiza pa zotupa pakhungu ndi nembanemba yam'mimba, odwala omwe ali ndi pemphigus amakhala ndi zizindikilo zambiri:

1. 1 kutopa;
2. 2 kuchepa kapena kusowa kwa njala;
3. Kuonda 3 ngakhale ndi zakudya zowonjezera;
4. 4 kusinza.

Mavuto

Ndi mankhwala osayembekezereka kapena olakwika, thovu limafalikira mthupi lonse, kuphatikiza ndikupanga zotupa zazikulu. Kuthamanga kwa pemphigus ndiwowopsa limodzi ndi kuwotcha khungu. Zilonda pakhungu zimakhudza moyo wa wodwalayo, wodwalayo samatha kuyenda bwinobwino. Matenda akakhala ndi kachilombo, vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi pyoderma.^[4]… N`zothekanso kufala kwa kutupa ndi ziwalo, chifukwa cha phlegmon ndi chibayo kukhala.

Kumbali ya ENT, kutaya khutu kumatha kukhala vuto la pemphigus; mycoses imakhalapo pakati pazovuta zamatenda. Zovuta zamatenda amtima zimawonetsedwa ngati ischemia, angina pectoris ndi microangiopathy.

Chiwopsezo chofa odwala omwe ali ndi pemphigus ndichokwera kwambiri - mpaka 15% ya odwala amamwalira pasanathe zaka 5 matendawa atangoyamba kumene.

Prevention

Monga njira yodzitetezera pakukula kwa pemphigus, muyenera:

• sinthani nsalu za nthawi zonse;
• sintha zovala zamkati tsiku lililonse;
• chithandizo chakanthawi cha khungu;
• kuchotsa kuntchito anthu omwe amatuluka ziphuphu;
• kuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane dermatologist;
• kuchepetsa kudya mchere, mafuta ndi chakudya;
• kuwunika magazi magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• mosamalitsa sungani malamulo aukhondo.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala wamba

Mankhwala a Pemphigus ndi aatali komanso ovuta. Pemphigus akuwonetsa zovuta zothandizira:

1. Chithandizo cha 1;
2. 2 mankhwala am'deralo;
3. Njira za 3 zakunja.

Thandizo lanyumba limaphatikizapo kuchiza khungu lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi machiritso ndi mafuta a m'thupi komanso kuthirira zotupa ndi zopweteka.

Chithandizo cha extracorporeal chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito hemodialysis ndi plasmaphoresis.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha mankhwala a pemphigus ndi mankhwala a mahomoni. Wodwalayo amapatsidwa mapiritsi, ndipo odwala omwe ali mchipatala amapatsidwa mtsempha wa corticosteroids. Mankhwalawa ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa, chifukwa kumwa mankhwala am'thupi kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina:

• kukhumudwa;
• mavuto ogona;
• matenda oopsa;
• kunenepa kwambiri, ngakhale ndi zakudya zochepa;
• matenda amtundu wa steroid;
• chisangalalo chochuluka chamanjenje;
• matenda opondapo.

Ndi kukulitsa mankhwala akusonyeza kuti kupondereza chitetezo cha m'thupi. Odwala omwe ali ndi pemphigus ovuta angafunikire m'malo mwa plasma. Mu mitundu yoopsa yamatenda imaperekedwa ma immunoglobulin amitsempha.

Pofuna kupewa matenda mutatsegula matuza, mankhwala amapangira mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa omwe ali ndi pemphigus. Mavalidwe oviikidwa mafuta odzola amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazilonda ndi malo otuluka. Pankhani yakukulira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala zovala zosasunthika zopangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe.

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!