Ziphuphu pachibwano ndi nkhope yakumunsi ndizofala, makamaka kwa achikulire omwe amakhala ndi ziphuphu. Ma dermatoses ena kapena mikhalidwe ingayambitse ziphuphu kapena zotupa pachibwano.

Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu pachibwano ndizilonda zamatenda: ma comedones (mitu yakuda), makamaka ma pustule kapena ma papule. Ziphuphu zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumunsi kumunsi, zomwe ndi chibwano ndi nsagwada, makamaka mwa akazi.

Komabe, ziphuphu zimatchula mitundu ingapo ya zotupa mu khungu. Izi zikhoza kukhala pustules (ziphuphu zakuda), papules (ziphuphu zofiira), zotupa, mitsempha (zotupa zofiira) kapena zilonda zosiyanasiyana. Ziphuphu pachibwano zimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kutengera dermatosis yomwe ikufunsidwayo.

Ngati ziphuphu zikuwonekera mwadzidzidzi pachibwano, pamafunika kufunsa ndi dermatologist. Mwambiri, kuthamanga kwatsopano kulikonse, komwe kulibe kapena kopanda malungo, kumayenera kuyambitsa kukambirana, makamaka kwa ana.

Kutengera mlanduwo, mabataniwo akhoza kutsagana ndi:

• ululu;
• kutupa
• kuyabwa.

Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu pachibwano ndiziphuphu. Ziphuphu ndi dermatosis yofala kwambiri, yomwe imakhudza magawo 80% a achinyamata, komanso pafupifupi kotala la akulu (makamaka akazi). Chibwano ndi malo achikale a ziphuphu kwa akulu. Amatha kupezeka kudera lino kapena kumakhudza mbali zina za nkhope: mphuno, mphumi, taya ndipo nthawi zina kumtunda kwakumbuyo.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamatenda:

• ziphuphu papulopustular: ndi ulaliki pafupipafupi, amagwirizana microcysts ndi papules, komanso comedones (blackheads) ndi pustules;
• ziphuphu zakumaso: zotupa zopanda kutupa, kuphatikiza ma comedones ndi ma microcysts. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto la ziphuphu zakumayambiriro kwaubwana;
• nodular kapena conglobata acne, ndi fulminans acne: awa ndi mitundu yayikulu komanso yamatenda yamatenda, yomwe imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mitsempha yotupa (nkhope ndi thunthu). Ziphuphu kapena fistula zimatha kupanga. Zilondazo ndizochuluka ndipo sizimapezeka kokha pachibwano;
• ziphuphu zakumaso: chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi zinthu zina monga mafuta amchere, mafuta osapsa, zotumphukira za malasha, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, etc.

Mitundu ina yamatenda amkhungu imatha kuyambitsa zilonda pachibwano.

Zitha kukhala:

• Wart (chotupa choyambitsa matenda a papillomavirus ya anthu), chofanana ndi ulusi kapena chofewa;
• mawanga, timadontho-timadontho, nevi, zotupa zotupa (ngakhale khansa ya pakhungu) kapena zotupa;
• kugwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola zosavomerezeka, kutseka pores;
• ziphuphu zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi mkwiyo pakumeta amuna (tsitsi lolowa mkati, kudula, ndi zina);
• kulumidwa ndi tizilombo;
• chifuwa cha khungu.

Matenda opatsirana, makamaka omwe amachitika ali mwana, amathanso kuyambitsa ziphuphu kumaso. Izi ndizochitika ndi nkhuku.

Kwa mitundu yonse ya zotupa, maphunzirowa amasiyanasiyana kutengera chifukwa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana (zaka, kuwonekera padzuwa, chithandizo, ndi zina zambiri). Izi zati, ziphuphu zimakhala ndi dermatosis yochepa, koma imatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi (kenako icheperachepera). Timadontho-timadontho kapena nevi atha, ngati asintha mawonekedwe, utoto kapena kukhala opweteka, amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa yapakhungu. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti aziwayang'anira pafupipafupi ndi dermatologist.

Pomaliza, dziwani kuti ziphuphu pachibwano sizowoneka bwino ndipo zimatha kubweretsa nkhawa kwa anthu omwe akuvutika nazo. Zitha kukhalanso zopweteka, kutenga kachilomboka ndikusiya zipsera, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri.

Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi ziphuphu. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta kupewa zotupa:

• pewani kuthana ndi ziphuphu, pachiwopsezo chowakweza ndi kukulitsa ziphuphu;
• gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala aukhondo oyenera khungu la acne (osati comedogenic);
• kuletsa kuyeretsa mobwerezabwereza ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa kapena antiseptic;
• kwa amayi, chotsani zodzoladzola usiku uliwonse kuti zisawonongeke pores;
• gwiritsani ntchito kuteteza dzuwa koyenera kwa ziphuphu kapena khungu losakanikirana (dzuwa limachepetsa kwakanthawi kutentha koma kumatsatiridwa ndi kuphulika kwa ziphuphu kugwa);
• palibe kafukufuku wasayansi yemwe watsimikizira kuti pali mgwirizano pakati pa zakudya ndi ziphuphu pano.

Zinthu zina zachilengedwe (zinki, mafuta a tiyi…) zitha kukhala zothandiza polimbana ndi ziphuphu.

Kumbali ya zonona ndi mankhwala, mankhwala angapo angagwiritsidwe ntchito, malingana ndi kuopsa kwa ziphuphu ndi mtundu wa zilonda. Cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuchepetsa kupanga ndi kusunga sebum komanso kuchepetsa kutupa.

Pakakhala ziphuphu zochepa pang'ono, dermatologist ipereka chithandizo cham'deralo:

• zonona zochokera ku retinoin;
• zonona zochokera benzoyl peroxide;
• mankhwala am'deralo;
• azelaic acid gel kapena kirimu.

Pakakhala ziphuphu zambiri (nkhope yonse, kumbuyo) maantibayotiki am'kamwa, mahomoni (njira zolerera kapena mankhwala a anti-androgen) kapena chithandizo champhamvu kwambiri nthawi zina chitha kuperekedwa.

Ngati ziphuphu pachibwano siziphuphu, dermatologist ipereka njira zina zothetsera zilondazo. Izi zitha kukhala mafuta a corticosteroid, mankhwala a laser, ablation (pakachitika chinthu chokhumudwitsa mwachitsanzo), kapena chithandizo chotsutsana ndi nkhwangwa, pakati pa ena.