Polio

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa

 

Ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi poliovirus ndipo amawononga dongosolo lamanjenje. Zotsatira zake, ma neuron amagetsi amavutika. Izi zimayambitsa ziwalo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ana ochepera zaka 5 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Malinga ndi World Health Organisation (WHO), m'modzi mwa matenda 1 a poliyo amadzetsa ziwalo mpaka kalekale. Katemera woteteza matendawa adapangidwa mu 200 ndipo adapangidwa mu 1953. Kuyambira pamenepo, matenda a polio atsika kwambiri[1].

Vuto la poliomyelitis limalowa mthupi ndi madzi, chakudya, madontho oyenda pandege kapena kudzera kukhudzana ndi banja. Amachulukitsa m'matumbo a m'mimba, kenako amalowa m'magazi ndikufalikira kudzera mu ziwalo, zomwe zimakhudza msana.

Zomwe zimayambitsa poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo. Nthawi zambiri imafalikira kudzera kukhudzana ndi ndowe za munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Matendawa ndiofala kwambiri m'madera omwe alibe zimbudzi zamadzi. Kuphulika kwa poliyo kumatha kuyambitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, pomwa madzi owonongeka ndi zonyansa za anthu. Pafupifupi, poliomyelitis imafalikira ndimadontho oyenda pandege kapena mwa kukhudzana ndi apanyumba.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kachilomboka kamakhala koopsa kwambiri, kotero kuti pokhudzana ndi munthu wodwala, matenda amapezeka pafupifupi zana limodzi. Ali pachiwopsezo ndi amayi apakati, anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ana aang'ono.

 

Ngati munthu sanalandire katemera, chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo chimakula chifukwa cha izi:

  • ulendo wopita kudera lomwe kwatuluka poliyo posachedwa;
  • kukhudzana ndi munthu wodwala matendawa;
  • kumwa madzi akuda kapena chakudya chosakonzedwa bwino;
  • adakumana ndi nkhawa kapena zovuta pambuyo pokhudzana ndi zomwe zingayambitse matenda[1].

Mitundu poliomyelitis

Syndromeomatic poliomyelitis akhoza kugawidwa mawonekedwe ofewa (wosafa ziwalo or kuchotsa) ndi mawonekedwe owopsa - wakufa ziwalo (imapezeka pafupifupi 1% ya odwala).

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi poliyo osachiritsika amachira kwathunthu. Tsoka ilo, odwala omwe ali ndi poliyo yakufa ziwalo nthawi zambiri amakhala olumala nthawi zonse[2].

Zizindikiro za poliyo

Pazovuta kwambiri, poliyo imatha kubweretsa ziwalo kapena kufa kosatha. Koma nthawi zambiri, makamaka koyambirira koyamba, matendawa amakhala asymptomatic. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti chizindikiro cha matenda omwe amadziwonekera pakapita nthawi chimadalira mtundu wa poliyo.

Zizindikiro zosafooka kwa poliyo

Matenda a poliyo, omwe amatchedwanso kuchotsa mimba poliomyelitisNthawi zambiri amafanana ndi chimfine. Amapitilira masiku kapena milungu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • malungo;
  • zilonda zapakhosi;
  • kusanza;
  • kutopa;
  • mutu;
  • zopweteka kumbuyo ndi khosi;
  • kutuluka kwa minofu ndi kufooka;
  • meninjaitisi;
  • kutsekula[2].

Ziwalo zizindikiro za poliyo

Odwala ziwalo poliomyelitis amapezeka mwa anthu ochepa okha omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Zikatero, kachilomboka kamalowa m'mitsempha yamagalimoto, komwe kamakonzanso ndikumawononga maselo. Zizindikiro za poliomyelitis zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimayamba mofanana ndi zopanda ziwalo, koma kenako zimakula kwambiri, monga:

  • kutaya kwa bongo;
  • kupweteka kwambiri kwa mitsempha;
  • miyendo yaulesi kwambiri;
  • kuswa mu njira kumeza ndi kupuma;
  • ziwalo mwadzidzidzi, osakhalitsa kapena okhazikika;
  • sungani ziwalo, makamaka mchiuno, akakolo, ndi miyendo[2].

Matenda a Postpoliomyelitis

Poliyo amatha kubwerera ngakhale atachira. Izi zitha kuchitika mzaka 15-40. Zizindikiro zofala:

  • kufooka nthawi zonse kwa minofu ndi mafupa;
  • kupweteka kwa minofu komwe kumangowonjezereka pakapita nthawi;
  • kutopa msanga;
  • matenda am'mimba;
  • kuvuta kupuma ndi kumeza;
  • kugona tulo;
  • kuyamba kwa kufooka m'thupi lomwe silinakhudzidwepo kale;
  • kukhumudwa;
  • mavuto ndi chidwi ndi kukumbukira.

Akuyerekeza kuti 25 mpaka 50% ya omwe adapulumuka poliyo amadwala matenda a polio[1].

Zovuta za poliyo

Matenda a polio sakhala owopseza moyo, koma kufooka kwakukulu kwa minofu kumatha kubweretsa zovuta:

  • bone fractures… Kufooka kwa minofu ya mwendo kumabweretsa kutayika, kugwa pafupipafupi. Izi zitha kupangitsa mafupa kuthyoka, monga mchiuno, zomwe zimayambitsanso zovuta.
  • Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, chibayo… Anthu omwe akhala akudwala poliyo ya bulbar (imakhudza mitsempha yotsogolera ku minofu yomwe imafuna kutafuna ndi kumeza) nthawi zambiri zimawavuta kuchita izi. Kutafuna ndi kumeza kumatha kubweretsa kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, komanso chibayo chofunidwa ndi chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wa tizilomboto m'mapapu (aspiration)
  • Matenda kupuma kulephera… Kufooka kwa chifundamimba ndi minofu ya chifuwa kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupuma kwambiri ndi kutsokomola, zomwe zingayambitse mapangidwe amadzimadzi ndi ntchofu m'mapapu.
  • Kunenepa kwambiri, kupindika kwa msana, mabedi - Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosasunthika kwakanthawi.
  • kufooka kwa mafupa… Kukhalitsa osagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi kutayika kwa mafupa ndi kufooka kwa mafupa[3].

Kupewa poliomyelitis

Mitundu iwiri ya katemera yapangidwa kulimbana ndi matendawa:

  1. 1 Poliovirus yosagwira - imakhala ndi ma jakisoni angapo omwe amayamba miyezi iwiri atabadwa ndikupitilira mpaka mwana wazaka 2-4. Mtunduwu ndiwotchuka kwambiri ku USA. Katemerayu amapangidwa ndi poliovirus yosagwira ntchito. Ndiotetezeka komanso yothandiza, koma siyingayambitse poliyo.
  2. 2 Katemera wa polio pakamwa - imapangidwa kuchokera kufooka kwa poliovirus. Mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko ambiri chifukwa ndi wotsika mtengo, wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo umapereka chitetezo chokwanira. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, katemera wamlomo amatha kuyambitsa kachilombo mthupi.[2].

Chithandizo cha poliyo mu mankhwala wamba

Palibe mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchiza poliyo pakadali pano mu zamankhwala. Ndalama zonse zimayang'aniridwa kuti zizisamalira momwe wodwalayo alili komanso kuthana ndi zizindikilo, zovuta za matendawa. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi njira zothandizira, monga kupumula pabedi, kusamalira ululu, zakudya zabwino, komanso kupewetsa zolimbitsa thupi kuti zitha kupunduka, zitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa zizindikilo zoyipa pakapita nthawi.

Odwala ena angafunike thandizo ndi chisamaliro chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, kupuma thandizo (yokumba mpweya wabwino mpweya) ndi chakudya chapadera ngati akuvutika ndi kumeza. Odwala ena angafunike ma spikes ndi / kapena zothandizira mwendo kuti apewe kupweteka kwamiyendo, kupindika kwa minofu, ndi kupunduka kwa ziwalo. Kusintha kwina pamkhalidwe kumatha kuchitika pakapita nthawi.[4].

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi za poliyo

Zakudya za poliyo zimadalira zizindikilo zomwe wodwalayo amakhala nazo. Kotero, pa nkhani ya matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri - kuchotsa mimba, monga lamulo, kutsekula m'mimba kumawonekera, ndipo zakudya ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pofuna kuthetsa mavuto omwe amayambitsa, komanso kupewa njira zowononga m'matumbo. Poterepa, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zopepuka:

  • mpunga, semolina, oatmeal m'madzi ndi kuwonjezera pang'ono batala kapena mafuta a masamba;
  • ma cutlets otentha kapena nyama zophika;
  • nsomba yophika;
  • nyama puree;
  • masamba ophika;
  • zipatso;
  • pureed kanyumba tchizi.

Ndikofunikiranso kumwa madzi okwanira, chifukwa panthawi yakusanza kapena kutsekula m'mimba, thupi limasowa madzi ambiri. Kumbukirani kuti zakumwa zina: broths, tiyi, khofi, timadziti sizilowa m'malo mwa madzi. Chifukwa chakuti poliomyelitis limodzi ndi matenda aakulu mu chikhalidwe cha thanzi, malungo, n`kofunika monga zakudya wolemera mavitamini mu zakudya, kukhalabe chikhalidwe ndi chindapusa chachipatala.

Mankhwala achikhalidwe a poliyo

Matenda oopsawa ayenera kuthandizidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Mankhwala achikhalidwe samathandiza nthawi zonse kuthana ndi vutoli. Komabe, pali maphikidwe ena omwe angathandize kulimbitsa thupi, kuubwezeretsa, kapena kuthana ndi zizindikilo za matendawa.

  1. 1 Rosehip decoction. Muyenera kutsanulira supuni ya zipatso zouma ndi kapu ya madzi otentha, kuumirira kwa mphindi 30, ndiyeno mugawane bukuli mu magawo atatu ndikumwa masana. Zimathandiza kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
  2. 2 Zochizira matenda amanjenje, kuphatikizapo poliomyelitis, aloe Tingafinye amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Iyenera kubayidwa ntchafu ndi jakisoni. Kwa ana opitilira zaka 5, 4 ml imabayidwa subcutaneously kwa masiku 0,5 motsatira. Kenako jakisoni 5 aperekedwe pasanathe masiku 25. Chiwembucho ndi chophweka - jekeseni imodzi, masiku anayi, kenako ina. Kenako kupumula kumatengedwa masiku 28, pambuyo pake - jakisoni 8 tsiku lililonse pamlingo woyenera. Kutha sabata limodzi ndi masiku ena 14 obayidwa tsiku lililonse. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, yemwe angasinthe mlingowo malinga ndi vuto lililonse.
  3. 3 Ngati muli ndi kutentha kwakukulu panthawi ya poliyo, ndibwino kuti muzimwa madzi ambiri a chitumbuwa chifukwa amathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha thupi.
  4. 4 Mutha kupanga chakumwa chochokera ku uchi. Zosakaniza zathanzi komanso zokomazi zimathandiza kuthana ndi matenda ambiri a m'mimba. Mu lita imodzi yamadzi ofunda, muyenera kusungunula 50 g uchi wamadzimadzi ndikumwa kapu yamadzimadzi katatu patsiku. Ndikofunika kuti madziwo asatenthe, chifukwa kutentha kwakukulu kumapha ubwino wathanzi wa uchi.
  5. 5 Kukonzekera kwa zitsamba kumakhulupiriranso kuti n'kopindulitsa polimbana ndi matenda a m'mimba. Iwo akhoza kukonzekera kuchokera nettle, Zakachikwi, St. John's wort, timbewu tonunkhira. The anasankha therere mu kuchuluka kwa 1 tbsp. muyenera kuthira kapu ya madzi otentha, kuumirira, kupsyinjika ndi kumwa voliyumu iyi patsiku.

Zakudya zowopsa komanso zowopsa za poliyo

Panthawi ya matenda, thupi limafooka kwambiri. Ndikofunika kusunga chikhalidwe chake ndi mankhwala athanzi, osati kuvulaza oletsedwa. Ndikoyenera kusiya mowa muzakudya, chifukwa suphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ndipo umawononga dongosolo lamanjenje.

Ndikoyeneranso kusiya kudya maswiti, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chifooke. Zinthu zomwe zitha kukhala zovulaza zomwe zimakhudza m'mimba zimaletsedwa: chakudya chofulumira, nyama zosuta, pickles, mafuta, zokometsera kwambiri, zakudya zokazinga.

Magwero azidziwitso
  1. Nkhani: "Polio", gwero
  2. Nkhani: "Polio: Zizindikiro, mankhwala, ndi katemera", gwero
  3. Nkhani: "Matenda a polio", gwero
  4. Nkhani: "Polio", gwero
Kusindikizanso kwa zinthu

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Malamulo achitetezo

Oyang'anira sakhala ndiudindo pakayesedwe kalikonse kogwiritsa ntchito chinsinsi, upangiri kapena zakudya, komanso sikutsimikizira kuti zomwe zanenedwa zikuthandizani kapena kukuvulazani. Khalani anzeru ndipo nthawi zonse muzifunsira kwa dokotala woyenera!

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!

Chakudya cha matenda ena:

Siyani Mumakonda