Mogwirizana ndi cholinga chake, Board of Editorial Board ya MedTvoiLokony imayesetsa kupereka zodalirika zachipatala mothandizidwa ndi chidziwitso chaposachedwa cha sayansi. Mbendera yowonjezerapo "Zofufuza Zomwe Zili" zikuwonetsa kuti nkhaniyi idawunikidwa kapena kulembedwa ndi dokotala mwachindunji. Kutsimikiza kwa magawo awiri awa: mtolankhani wazachipatala komanso dokotala amatilola kuti tipereke zomwe zili zapamwamba kwambiri mogwirizana ndi chidziwitso chamankhwala chamakono.
Kudzipereka kwathu m'derali kwayamikiridwa, pakati pa ena, ndi Association of Journalists for Health, yomwe inapatsa Bungwe la Editorial la MedTvoiLokony ndi mutu waulemu wa Mphunzitsi Wamkulu.
Dr. Tomasz Płonek wa ku Wrocław anapambana mpikisano wa dokotala wachinyamata wodziwika bwino wa opaleshoni ya mtima ku Ulaya. Ali ndi zaka 31 ndipo ndi dokotala woyamba m'banjamo. Amagwira ntchito pachipatala cha Opaleshoni ya Mtima pa Chipatala Chophunzitsa Pa Yunivesite ku Wrocław. The jury of the European Society of Cardiac Surgery and Vascular Surgery idachita chidwi ndi kafukufuku wokhudza kuopsa kwa kuphulika kwa mtsempha wamagazi.
Dokotala wachinyamata wa opaleshoni ya mtima wochokera ku Wrocław analonjeza kuti adzakhala wosangalatsa kwambiri pa maphunziro ake - adamaliza maphunziro ake ku Medical Academy monga womaliza maphunziro ake. Amapanga kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chiopsezo cha kuphulika kwa aortic aneurysm ndi mainjiniya a Wrocław University of Science and Technology. Onse pamodzi akuyang'ana njira yabwino yophunzitsira odwala opaleshoni.
Kodi njira yanu yoyenereza odwala kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndi yachilendo bwanji?
Pakalipano, chinthu chachikulu chomwe tidachiganizira poyenerera kukhala ndi aneurysm ya aorta yokwera chinali kukula kwa msempha. M'maphunziro omwe ndapereka, kupsinjika kwa khoma la aortic kumawunikidwa.
Kodi aneurysms onse amafunika opaleshoni?
Inde, koma otalikirapo amakhalabe vuto la matenda. Malinga ndi malangizowa, ndi ochepa kwambiri kuti asagwire ntchito, choncho njira yokhayo ndiyo kuwayang'ana ndikudikirira.
Zachiyani?
Mpaka mtsempha wamagazi utakula kapena kusiya kukula. Mpaka pano, akhala akuganiza kuti msempha umang'ambika ukafika m'mimba mwake waukulu, mwachitsanzo 5-6 cm. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti kuyeza m'mimba mwake sikulosera bwino ngati aneurysm idzaphulika kapena ayi. Odwala ambiri amapanga dissection kapena kupasuka kwa aorta pamene msempha umangotambasula pang'ono.
Ndiyeno chiyani?
Odwala amafa chifukwa cha izo. Anthu ambiri samakumana ndi aortic dissection. Vuto ndiloti odwala onse omwe ali ndi msempha wotambasula pang'ono sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni, chifukwa alipo ambiri. Funso ndi momwe mungadziwire odwala omwe ali ndi msempha wochepa kwambiri omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu choncho omwe angagwire ntchito kale ngakhale kuti msempha wa msempha ndi wochepa kwambiri.
Munabwera bwanji ndi lingaliro lomwe linapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yatsopano yodziwira matenda?
Ndimakonda kwambiri sayansi yaukadaulo, makolo anga ndi mainjiniya, chifukwa chake ndidayang'ana vutoli mwanjira ina. Ndinaganiza kuti kupsinjika kwa khoma la aortic kuyenera kukhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pa dissection.
Kodi mwayandikira ntchito ya engineering?
Inde. Ndinayamba kuyang'ana mtsempha wa msempha, monga momwe ndinayang'ana. Tisanakhazikitse skyscraper, tikufuna kuunikiratu ngati idzagwa chifukwa cha kugwedezeka pang'ono kapena mphepo yamkuntho. Pachifukwa ichi, tiyenera kupanga - monga momwe zakhalira masiku ano - chitsanzo cha makompyuta. Njira ya zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa zomalizidwa ndipo zimafufuzidwa zomwe zongopekazo zidzakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Mutha "kutsanzira" kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana - mphepo kapena chivomerezi. Njira zoterezi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu uinjiniya kwa zaka zambiri. Ndipo ndimaganiza kuti zomwezo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika kwa aorta.
Mumafufuza chiyani?
Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso momwe zimakhudzira kupsinjika kwa aorta. Ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi? Kodi kukula kwa msempha? Kapena mwinamwake ndi kayendedwe ka msempha wopangidwa ndi kayendedwe ka mtima, chifukwa uli moyandikana mwachindunji ndi mtima, umene sugona tulo ndikupitirizabe kugwirana.
Nanga bwanji za kupindika kwa mtima ku aorta aneurysm ndi chiopsezo chophulika?
Zili ngati kutenga chidutswa cha mbale m'manja mwako ndikuchipinda cham'mbuyo, mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo - mbaleyo imasweka. Ndinaganiza kuti mwina kugunda kwamtima kosalekeza kuja kunalinso ndi zotsatira pa aorta. Ndidaganizira zowopsa zosiyanasiyana ndipo tidapanga ma kompyuta kuti tiwone kupsinjika kwa khoma la aortic.
Iyi ndi gawo loyamba la kafukufuku. Winanso, womwe tikuwugwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi mainjiniya apamwamba ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Wrocław ya Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo, isintha njira zowunika izi kuti zigwirizane ndi wodwala wina wake. Tikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zathu za kafukufuku pa ntchito zachipatala za tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwona momwe zimagwirira ntchito kwa odwala enaake.
Ndi odwala angati omwe angapulumutse miyoyo yawo mwanjira imeneyi?
Palibe ziwerengero zenizeni za anthu angati omwe amafa ndi kung'ambika kwa aortic, monga odwala ambiri amamwalira asanafike kuchipatala. Monga tanenera kale, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti msempha wa msempha umene sunachedwe kwambiri ndi umene umapatulidwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe zolembedwa za zombo zochepetsedwa pang'ono. Aortic aneurysms amapezeka pafupifupi 1 mwa anthu 10. anthu. Ndikuganiza kuti pali odwala ochulukirapo kangapo omwe ali ndi msempha wotalikirapo. Pamlingo wa, mwachitsanzo, Poland, pali kale anthu masauzande ambiri.
Kodi zotsatira monga ntchito yanu yofufuza zingakhale zovomerezeka?
Ntchito zotere zomwe ziri kuwongolera kwa njira zomwe zilipo kale komanso zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la munthu ndi moyo - chifukwa sizopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a zipangizo zatsopano - sizingakhale zovomerezeka. Ntchito yathu ndi lipoti lasayansi lomwe timangogawana ndi asayansi anzathu. Ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri adzachita nawo chidwi. Ndikosavuta komanso mwachangu kupita patsogolo mu gulu lalikulu. Mutu wa kafukufuku wathu watengedwa kale ndi malo ena, kotero kuti mgwirizano ukukulirakulira.
Munati makolo anu ndi mainjiniya, ndiye nchiyani chakulepheretsani kutsatira mapazi awo koma kukhala dokotala?
Ndili ndi zaka 10 ndidapezeka kuti ndili m'chipinda chachipatala ngati wodwala. Ntchito ya gulu lonse lachipatala inandikhudza kwambiri moti ndinaganiza kuti ndiyenera kuichita pamoyo wanga. Muzamankhwala mutha kukhala mainjiniya ndi gawo la dokotala, ndipo ndizotheka makamaka pa opaleshoni. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi kafukufuku wanga. Mankhwala samatsutsana ndi zofuna zanga zaukadaulo, koma amakwaniritsa. Ndakwaniritsa mbali zonse ziwiri, kotero sizingakhale bwino.
Munamaliza maphunziro anu ku Medical Academy ku Wrocław m'chaka cha 2010 monga womaliza maphunziro apamwamba. Muli ndi zaka 31 zokha ndipo muli ndi dzina la dokotala wamkulu wa opaleshoni yamtima ku Europe. Kodi mphoto iyi ndi yotani kwa inu?
Ndi kwa ine kutchuka ndi kuzindikira ndi kutsimikizira kulondola kwa malingaliro anga pa ntchito ya sayansi. Kuti ndikupita m’njira yoyenera, kuti zimene timachita n’zaphindu.
Maloto anu ndi otani? Kodi mumadziona bwanji zaka 10, 20?
Akadali mwamuna wachimwemwe, tate wa ana athanzi amene amakhala ndi nthaŵi yocheza nawo. Ndi prosaic kwambiri komanso pansi, koma ndi zomwe zimabweretsa inu chisangalalo chachikulu. Osati madigiri a maphunziro, osati ndalama, banja chabe. Tsekani anthu omwe mungawadalire nthawi zonse.
Ndipo ndikhulupilira kuti dotolo waluso ngati inu sachoka mdziko muno, apitiliza kafukufuku wake pano ndipo atisamalira.
Inenso ndikulakalaka ndipo ndikuyembekeza kuti dziko lakwathu linditheketsa.