Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa caloric | Tsamba 338 | Tsamba 1684 | 20.1% | 5.9% | 498 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 11 ga | 76 ga | 14.5% | 4.3% | 691 ga |
| mafuta | 1.3 ga | 56 ga | 2.3% | 0.7% | 4308 ga |
| Zakudya | 70.5 ga | 219 ga | 32.2% | 9.5% | 311 ga |
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 3.7 ga | 20 ga | 18.5% | 5.5% | 541 ga |
| Water | 13 ga | 2273 ga | 0.6% | 0.2% | 17485 ga |
| ash | 0.5 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.17 mg | 1.5 mg | 11.3% | 3.3% | 882 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.04 mg | 1.8 mg | 2.2% | 0.7% | 4500 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 52.5 mg | 500 mg | 10.5% | 3.1% | 952 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.3 mg | 5 mg | 6% | 1.8% | 1667 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.16 mg | 2 mg | 8% | 2.4% | 1250 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 400 | 5% | 1.5% | 2000 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 1.5 mg | 15 mg | 10% | 3% | 1000 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 2.02 | Makilogalamu 50 | 4% | 1.2% | 2475 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 2.9 mg | 20 mg | 14.5% | 4.3% | 690 ga |
| niacin | 1.2 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 123 mg | 2500 mg | 4.9% | 1.4% | 2033 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 19 mg | 1000 mg | 1.9% | 0.6% | 5263 ga |
| Pakachitsulo, Si | 4 mg | 30 mg | 13.3% | 3.9% | 750 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 16 mg | 400 mg | 4% | 1.2% | 2500 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 3 mg | 1300 mg | 0.2% | 0.1% | 43333 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 71 mg | 1000 mg | 7.1% | 2.1% | 1408 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 87 mg | 800 mg | 10.9% | 3.2% | 920 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 77 mg | 2300 mg | 3.3% | 1% | 2987 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 1.6 mg | 18 mg | 8.9% | 2.6% | 1125 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 1.5 | Makilogalamu 150 | 1% | 0.3% | 10000 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 1.6 | Makilogalamu 10 | 16% | 4.7% | 625 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.577 mg | 2 mg | 28.9% | 8.6% | 347 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 700 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 70% | 20.7% | 143 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 12.6 | Makilogalamu 70 | 18% | 5.3% | 556 ga |
| Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 23 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 0.6% | 0.2% | 17391 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 2.2 | Makilogalamu 50 | 4.4% | 1.3% | 2273 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.708 mg | 12 mg | 5.9% | 1.7% | 1695 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 67.7 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 2 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| galactose | 0.11 ga | ~ | |||
| Shuga (dextrose) | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| Maltose | 1.67 ga | ~ | |||
| sucrose | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| fructose | 0.03 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino Acids Ofunika | |||||
| Arginine * | 0.4 ga | ~ | |||
| valine | 0.48 ga | ~ | |||
| Mbiri * | 0.2 ga | ~ | |||
| Isoleucine | 0.44 ga | ~ | |||
| nyalugwe | 0.82 ga | ~ | |||
| lysine | 0.25 ga | ~ | |||
| methionine | 0.16 ga | ~ | |||
| Methionine + cysteine | 0.36 ga | ~ | |||
| threonine | 0.31 ga | ~ | |||
| tryptophan | 0.1 ga | ~ | |||
| chithuvj | 0.51 ga | ~ | |||
| Phenylalanine + Tyrosine | 0.76 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino acid osinthika | |||||
| alanine | 0.33 ga | ~ | |||
| Aspartic asidi | 0.34 ga | ~ | |||
| glycine | 0.35 ga | ~ | |||
| Asidi a Glutamic | 3.11 ga | ~ | |||
| Mapuloteni | 0.98 ga | ~ | |||
| serine | 0.51 ga | ~ | |||
| tyrosin | 0.25 ga | ~ | |||
| Cysteine | 0.2 ga | ~ | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 0.2 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| 16: 0 Palmitic | 0.18 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 0 Stearin | 0.01 ga | ~ | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 0.14 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 0.8% | 0.2% | |
| 16: 1 Palmitoleic | 0.01 ga | ~ | |||
| 18:1 Olein (omega-9) | 0.13 ga | ~ | |||
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 0.43 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 3.8% | 1.1% | |
| 18: 2 Linoleic | 0.41 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 3 Wachisoni | 0.01 ga | ~ | |||
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.01 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 1.1% | 0.3% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.41 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 8.7% | 2.6% |
Mphamvu ndi 338 kcal.
- vitamini B1 ndi gawo la michere yofunikira kwambiri yama carbohydrate ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kagayidwe kazitsulo ka amino acid. Kuperewera kwa vitamini uyu kumabweretsa zovuta zamanjenje, kugaya chakudya komanso mtima.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- Silicon Imaphatikizidwa ngati gawo lazomangamanga mu glycosaminoglycans ndipo imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka collagen.
- Cobalt ndi gawo la vitamini B12. Amayambitsa ma enzyme a fatty acid metabolism ndi folic acid metabolism.
- Manganese amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mafupa ndi mafupa olumikizana, ndi gawo la michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake ka amino acid, chakudya, catecholamines; zofunika pakuphatikizira kwa cholesterol ndi ma nucleotide. Kulephera kudya limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa kukula, kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusokonekera kwa ma carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.
- Mkuwa ndi gawo la michere yokhala ndi ntchito ya redox komanso yokhudzana ndi kagayidwe kazitsulo, imathandizira kuyamwa kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya. Amachita nawo njira zopezera mpweya wamthupi la munthu. Kuperewera kumawonetsedwa ndi zovuta pakupanga kwamitsempha yam'mimba ndi mafupa, kukula kwa mafinya a dysplasia.
- Molybdenum ndi cofactor wa michere yambiri yomwe imapatsa mphamvu kupangika kwa sulfure wokhala ndi amino acid, purines ndi pyrimidines.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.