Kukonzekera kwa ana: nthawi yoyambira, zomwe muyenera kuphunzira

M'makalasi a sayansi yamakompyuta, millennials makamaka adaphunzira kulemba zolemba, amadziwa Microsoft Windows (Basic at best) ndikusewera Super Mario. Masiku ano, makompyuta a ana ndi achilengedwe ngati mafiriji. Kodi mungamuthandize bwanji mwana wanu kukhala womasuka pazakompyuta komanso kuti apindule ndi zosintha zake zonse? Tiyeni tiganizire.

Zaka 3 - 5

M'badwo woyenera kuyambitsa mwana kompyuta. Pofika zaka zitatu, ana amayamba kulamulira minofu pa luso loyendetsa bwino la manja. Mwanjira ina, amatha kuzindikira kale kulumikizana pakati pa zowongolera za kiyibodi ndi mbewa ndikusintha pazenera. Pamsinkhu uwu, amatha ngakhale mapulogalamu osavuta.

Zaka 5 - 7

Ana a msinkhu wa msinkhu wa kusukulu amatha kulandira chidziwitso kuchokera ku zochitika zawo zokha, chidziwitso chochokera kwa anthu ena sichili chofunika kwambiri kwa iwo ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri samalingaliridwa ngati magwero a choonadi. Kuonjezera apo, ana sangathe kuzindikira zambiri za munthu payekha, choncho amalemba ndikuwerenga pang'onopang'ono (mwachitsanzo, tsamba la bukhu ndi chinthu chosagawanika kwa iwo). Ndizovuta kwa iwo kupanga ziganizo ndi ziganizo.

Mukamufunsa mwana zomwe angasoke malaya kuchokera: pepala, nsalu, makungwa a birch, polystyrene kapena mphira, adzasankha nsalu, koma sangathe kufotokoza chifukwa chake anayankha motero. Ali ndi zaka 5-7, mwana sangathe ngakhale kuphunzitsidwa zoyambira za algorithmization (mwachitsanzo, lembani algorithm powerengera mawu y u2d 6a - (x + XNUMX) kapena fotokozani algorithm yochitira homuweki masamu). Choncho, ndi bwino kuyamba kuphunzira mapulogalamu kuyambira zaka eyiti osati kale.

Lembetsani mwana wanu maphunziro a chinenero choyambirira kapena masamu amisala. Yankho labwino kwambiri lingakhale kuyang'ana pa luso lofewa ndikupanga njira yopangira: magawo amasewera, sukulu ya zaluso kapena nyimbo.

Zaka 8 - 9

Pamsinkhu uwu, mlingo wa egocentrism umagwa, mwanayo ali wokonzeka kukhulupirira zigamulo za aphunzitsi ndipo motero amamvetsetsa zambiri. Syncretism (chilakolako cha mwana kutenga kugwirizana kwa ziwonetsero za kugwirizana kwa zinthu, mwachitsanzo, mwezi sugwa chifukwa uli m'mlengalenga) umathanso, ndipo ndizotheka kale kumvetsetsa momwe njira zosavuta zimagwirira ntchito.

Akatswiri a zamaganizo amasiyanitsa madera a chitukuko chokhazikika komanso chenichenicho - luso lomwe limapangidwa pochita zinthu limodzi ndi anthu ena. Zomwe mwanayo angachite payekha (mwachitsanzo, kuvala zovala zosavuta) zili kale m'dera la chitukuko chenichenicho. Ngati sakudziwabe kumanga zingwe za nsapato popanda kulangizidwa ndi munthu wamkulu pafupi, ndiye kuti lusoli likadali m'dera la chitukuko cha proximal. M'kalasi, mphunzitsi amapanga zone ya chitukuko cha proximal.

Chifukwa chake mwanayo amayamba kuganiza mozama komanso mozama (pamene kuli kotheka kupeza), amaphunzira kuthetsa mavuto amalingaliro muzithunzi ndi mawonekedwe. Kuti muthe kuchita bwino pazaka izi, mufunika chidziwitso choyambirira cha masamu akusukulu: kuwonjezera, kuchotsa, kuchulukitsa ndi kugawa ndi manambala amodzi ndi awiri mkati mwa 10.

Muyeneranso kuthana ndi mavuto ophatikizana. Mwachitsanzo: mphaka Murka anabala mphaka 8 (6 fluffy ndi 5 ofiira). Ndi ana angati omwe anabadwa ali fluffy ndi ofiira nthawi imodzi? Kuphatikiza apo, ana amafunikira luso lothana ndi zovuta zomveka, monga ma labyrinths azithunzi, kubweza, kupanga ma aligorivimu osavuta, ndikupeza njira yaifupi kwambiri.

Zaka 10 - 11

M'magiredi 4-5, kuwonjezera pa kuchita ma aligovimu oyambirira (mwachitsanzo, lembani zotsatirazi aligorivimu pa mapu No. 1: kuchoka Ozersk, kupita ku Okeansk), mwanayo amaphunzira malamulo syntax chinenero mapulogalamu, ndipo akuyamba ntchito. ndi ma algorithms a nthambi, malupu okhala, zosinthika, ndi njira.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukulitsa kuganiza momveka bwino: gwirani ntchito ndi ochita masewera osiyanasiyana, lowetsani khodi ya pulogalamu pawokha ndikupanga maubale oyambitsa ndi zotsatira pakuthana ndi zovuta zamasamu ndi zomveka. Chifukwa chake, monga wosewera, titha kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apakompyuta omwe amatha kuchita zinthu zosiyanasiyana mdziko lapansi: kulumpha, kuthamanga, kutembenuka, ndi zina zotero.

Pantchito zamaphunziro, pamafunika, mwachitsanzo, kusuntha bokosi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mwanayo ayenera kulowa malamulo zofunika pulogalamu mu dongosolo linalake. Izi zimakulitsa kuganiza momveka bwino, mwanayo amawona bwino momwe khalidwe lake limayendera, ndipo amamvetsetsa akalakwitsa polemba malamulo mu pulogalamuyi.

Ana okha amakopeka ndi luso lamakono ndi chirichonse chatsopano, kotero ndikofunika kuti makolo atsogolere chidwi ichi m'njira yothandiza. Kupanga mapulogalamu kumangowoneka ngati malo ovuta komanso osafikirika, ongotengera ochepa chabe. Ngati muyang’anitsitsa zokonda za mwanayo ndi kukulitsa luso lake molondola, akhoza kukhala “wanzeru kwambiri pa kompyuta.”