Ku France, monga m'maiko ena, ophunzira omwe akufuna kulembetsa sukulu yaboma, ya National Education, amapatsidwa maziko malinga ndi komwe amakhala. Ngati ntchitoyi siyoyenera, pazifukwa zaumwini, zamankhwala kapena zamankhwala, makolo atha kupempha kuti amasulidwe kusukulu kuti athe kulembetsa mwana wawo pakukhazikitsa komwe angafune. Koma pamikhalidwe ina.

Mbiri yaing'ono

Munali mu 1963 pomwe "khadi yakusukulu" iyi adayikika ku France ndi a Christian Fouchet, panthawiyo anali Minister of Education. Dzikoli linali lolimba pomanga ndipo mapuwa adalola Maphunziro a Dziko Lonse kugawa masukulu molingana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ophunzira, zaka zawo komanso njira zophunzitsira zofunika m'derali.

Mapu asukulu poyambirira analibe ntchito yolumikizidwa ndi kusakanikirana ndi maphunziro kapena mayiko ena monga Japan, Sweden kapena Finland adachitanso chimodzimodzi.

Cholinga chake chinali choyambirira:

• mwayi wopeza maphunziro kwa ana onse m'derali;
• kugawa malo ophunzitsira.

Kugawikaku kumathandizanso National Education kukonzekera kutsegulira ndi kutseka makalasi kutengera kuchuluka kwa ophunzira. Madipatimenti ena, monga Loire Atlantique, awona kuchuluka kwa ana asukulu akuwonjezeka pomwe, m'madipatimenti ena, ndikuchepa kwa anthu komwe kukuchitika. Mapu a sukulu amasintha chaka ndi chaka.

Kodi kusiyanasiyana pakati pa chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro kudayamba liti?

Funsoli lidawonekera posachedwa chifukwa mabanja ena, powona kusiyanasiyana kwamaphunziro oyenerera kutengera kukhazikitsidwa, kapena kufuna kuti ana awo azikhala pafupi, adafunsa mwachangu kuti asasankhidwe kukhazikitsidwa.

Kupeza mwayi wofanana wamaphunziro kunali kwenikweni kwenikweni, koma makamaka mabungwe omwewo akhala zizindikiritso zachitukuko. Mwachitsanzo, Yunivesite ya Sorbonne imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo pa CV, ndizofunika kale.

Mpaka 2008, zifukwa zopempha kuti asaperekedwe anali:

• Udindo waluso wa makolo;
• zifukwa zamankhwala;
• kutalikitsa maphunziro pamalo omwewo, pambuyo pa kusamuka;
• kulembetsa kukhazikitsidwa mumzinda komwe m'bale kapena mlongo akupita kale kusukulu.

Kusintha kwa malowa kunapezeka mwachangu ndi mabanja:

• kugula nyumba m'dera lomwe mukufuna;
• kulamulira mwana wawo ndi wachibale yemwe akukhala m'dera lachikondi la osankhidwawo;
• Chisankho cha njira yachilendo (Chitchaina, Chirasha) imangopezeka m'malo ena.

Lamuloli likuwonetsanso kuti masukulu ayenera kukhala koyamba ndi ophunzira omwe akukhala mgawo lawo ndikupempha kachiwiri kuti amasulidwe.

Nyumba zomwe zili m'malo omwe anthu amafunikira kwambiri, awona mitengo yawo ikukwera. Izi ndizochitika, mwachitsanzo, pa 5th arrondissement yomwe ili ndi phindu chifukwa chakupezeka kwa koleji ya Henri-IV.

Masiku ano, zifukwa zakhululukidwa ndi zikalata zofunikira zothandizira ndi izi:

• wophunzira wolumala - Chisankho cha Commission for Rights and Autonomy (zidziwitso zotumizidwa ndi MDPH);
• wophunzira akupindula ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira pafupi ndi komwe akufunsidwa - Kalata yachipatala;
• wophunzira ayenera kukhala wophunzirira - Chidziwitso chomaliza cha misonkho kapena yopanda msonkho ndi satifiketi yochokera ku CAF;
• kulumikizananso abale - Chiphaso cha maphunziro;
• wophunzira yemwe nyumba yake, m'mphepete mwa ntchito, ili pafupi ndi komwe akufuna - Makalata a Banja, 
• zidziwitso zamisonkho za khonsolo, zidziwitso za msonkho kapena zamsonkho;
• ngati mungasunthire posachedwa kapena mtsogolo: zikalata zolembetsera kugula nyumba kapena chikalata cholembetsera magalimoto chosonyeza adilesi yatsopano kapena chiphaso cha CAF chosonyeza adilesi yatsopano;
• wophunzira yemwe ayenera kutsatira njira inayake yophunzitsira;
• zifukwa zina - Makalata apabanja.

Kutengera zaka za wophunzirayo, pempholi liperekedwa ku:

• m'masukulu a nazale ndi pulayimale: makhonsolo amatauni (L212-7 yamalamulo ophunzitsira) pomwe maboma amakhala ndi masukulu angapo;
• ku koleji: General Council (L213-1 yamaphunziro);
• kusukulu yasekondale: a Dasen, Mtsogoleri Wamaphunziro a National Education Services.

Pempholi liyenera kuperekedwa musanalembetse mwanayo kumalo omwe akufuna.

Chikalatachi chimatchedwa " Fomu yosinthasintha ya khadi yasukulu “. Iyenera kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kumalo opita ku dipatimenti yamaphunziro apadziko lonse lapansi.

Makolo ayenera kulumikizana ndi bungwe lomwe lasankhidwa chifukwa, kutengera momwe zilili, pempholi limaperekedwa kusukulu ya mwana kapena kuwongolera ku dipatimenti yantchito yamaphunziro adziko lonselo.

M'madipatimenti ena, pempholi limaperekedwa mwachindunji pa intaneti patsamba la dipatimenti yamaphunziro adziko lonse.