Zamkatimu
Kodi retinal detachment ndi chiyani
- Retinal detachment ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa masomphenya komanso ngakhale kutaya masomphenya. Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa retina, komwe madzi amadzimadzi amayamba kuyenda, kapena chifukwa cha traction syndrome, pamene pali kukula pakati pa thupi la vitreous ndi retina, ndipo thupi la vitreous limayamba kukoka. , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusagwirizana koteroko. Komanso, kutsekeka kwa retina kumatha kuchitika ngati pali kukha magazi pansi pake, chotupa chimakhala chachiwiri, akuti. Candidate of Medical Sciences, ophthalmologist wa gulu lapamwamba kwambiri Natalya Voroshilova.
Monga momwe dokotala adafotokozera, kuthamangitsidwa kumatha kukhala koyambirira komanso kwachiwiri. Primary pathology imatchedwa, momwe kuthamangitsidwa kumatsogozedwa ndi kuphulika, kutsatiridwa ndi kutuluka kwamadzimadzi pansi pa retina ndi kutsekeka kwa nembanemba yofunika kwambiri ya diso. Kutsekedwa kwachiwiri kumakhala ngati vuto la njira iliyonse ya pathological - mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha maonekedwe a neoplasm pakati pa retina ndi mitsempha ya diso.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya fiber detachment:
- rhematogenous (kutanthauza kuphulika) - zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa retina;
- kukokera - kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa minofu ya retina kuchokera kumbali ya thupi la vitreous;
- exudative - zimachitika pamene serous madzimadzi akulowa mu danga pansi pa retina, ndi mtima permeability kuwonjezeka;
- osakanikirana - mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa traction-rhegmatogenous, momwe kusiyana kumapangidwira kumbuyo kwa mphamvu ya thupi la vitreous.
Zifukwa za retinal detachment
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi kuphulika kwa retina. Kupyolera mu mpata wopangidwa, madzimadzi ochokera m'thupi la vitreous amalowa pansi pa retina ndikutulutsa kuchokera ku choroid. Ndiko kuti, pali kugwedezeka kwa thupi la vitreous pamene chikhalidwe chake chachibadwa chimasintha.
Kusweka kwa retina kumatha kuchitikanso ikachepetsedwa. Misozi yayikulu nthawi zambiri imachitika ndi kuvulala kwamaso. Ophthalmologists amawonanso kuti kuwonongeka kwa fiber kumatha kuchitika ngakhale mwa anthu omwe amawona bwino komanso omwe sanakhalepo ndi vuto la maso. Zifukwa zikhoza kukhala zolimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwa thupi pa kudumpha ndi kugwa. Ndibwino kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha thupi ndi masomphenya asaphonye nthawi yodzitetezera ndi ophthalmologist komanso kukhala osamala za thanzi la maso awo.
Zizindikiro za retinal detachment
Poyamba, matendawa mwa munthu ndi asymptomatic, m'tsogolomu, kuwonongeka kwa diso kungasonyezedwe ndi:
- maonekedwe a "chophimba" pamaso;
- kung'anima mu mawonekedwe a mphezi ndi mphezi;
- kupotoza kwa zilembo zomwe zimaganiziridwa, zinthu, kugwa kunja kwa gawo la magawo awo.
Odwala ena amaonanso kuti munthu akagona saona bwino. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi malo opingasa a thupi, retina imabwerera kumalo ake, ndipo munthu akaimirira, ndiye kuti, atenga malo oima, amachokanso kuchoka ku choroid ndi zofooka zowoneka zimayambiranso.
Chithandizo cha retinal detachment
Tsoka ilo, palibe mapiritsi amatsenga ndi madontho omwe amatha kuchiza kutsekeka kwa retina. Njira yokhayo yomwe yatsala ndi opaleshoni. Malinga ndi madokotala, mwamsanga opaleshoni ikuchitika, m'pamenenso amatha kubwezeretsa masomphenya ndikupulumutsa diso.
Panthawi ya opareshoni, dokotalayo ayenera kuzindikira misozi ya retina, kutseka ndi kupanga mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi retina.
Diagnostics
Kuti muzindikire kusokonezeka kwa retina, muyenera kukaonana ndi ophthalmologist. Dokotala adzayang'ana maso acuity, ayang'ane malo owonera, azichita kafukufuku wapadera wa electrophysiological kuti adziwe momwe mitsempha ya mitsempha ya retina imayendera. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kuchita kafukufuku ntchito ultrasound kudziwa kukula kwa retina detached ndi chikhalidwe cha vitreous thupi ndi kufufuza fundus (ophthalmoscopy) molondola kudziwa malo retina yopuma ndi chiwerengero chawo.
Pambuyo potsatira zotsatira zake, dokotala adzatha kunena kuti ndi opaleshoni iti yomwe ili yoyenera kwa wodwalayo.
Mankhwala amakono
Pali mitundu ingapo ya opaleshoni, dokotala adzasankha mmodzi wa iwo malingana ndi mtundu wa detachment.
- Kudzaza kwanuko. Izo ikuchitika mu zone ya retina chophukacho mu milandu pamene detached pang'ono;
- Kudzaza kozungulira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta kwambiri pamene retina yadzipatula kwathunthu ndipo pali zopuma zambiri;
- Vitrectomy. Imeneyi ndi njira yomwe thupi losinthidwa la vitreous limachotsedwa m'maso ndipo imodzi mwa mankhwala oyenerera amalowetsedwa m'malo mwake: saline, silicone yamadzimadzi, perfluorocarbon pawiri ngati madzi, kapena mpweya wapadera womwe umakanikiza retina motsutsana ndi diso. choroid kuchokera mkati;
- Laser coagulation kapena cryopexy kuti achepetse madera ong'ambika ndi kupasuka kwa retina;
- Retinopexy. Amachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma micronails apadera a safiro kukonza m'mphepete mwa retina ngati atasweka kwambiri.
Kupewa retinal detachment kunyumba
Retinal detachment ndi oopsa Vuto la myopia, komanso zaka zokhudzana kapena cholowa kuzungulira kwa diso matenda. Njira yokhayo yopewera matendawa ndi kukaonana ndi dokotala munthawi yake komanso kuti musaphonye mayeso odzitetezera.
Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa kuti ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni ya retinal detachment, kubwereranso kumachitika. Ngati mwakumanapo ndi vuto loterolo ndipo simukufuna kukumananso, ndiye kuti muyenera kufufuza bwinobwino retina kudzera mwa wophunzira wamkulu ndi katswiri pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, kuteteza laser coagulation ya retina.
Ophthalmologists amalangizanso amayi apakati kuti aziwonedwa ndi madokotala - pa mimba yonse osachepera kawiri, kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa mimba. Pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana, mayi ayenera kuyesedwa ndi ophthalmologist pasanathe miyezi 1-3 pambuyo pake.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Comments Natalia Voroshilova, PhD, ophthalmologist wa gulu lapamwamba kwambiri: