Ryadovka

Mizere si ya bowa wotchuka ndipo ambiri sadziwa nkomwe za kukhalapo kwawo. Ndipo mwa njira, ichi ndi chothandiza kwambiri komanso chokoma. Kodi ubwino wake waukulu ndi chiyani - tsopano tidzapeza.

Mizere: momwe amawonekera, momwe alili, komwe angayang'ane

Mizere ndi bowa wa agaric wochokera ku banja la dzina lomwelo. Mycologists anawerengera oposa zikwi ziwiri oimira Ryadovkovs. Zambiri mwa izo ndi zodyedwa, koma zina ndizowopsa kwa anthu. Bowa ali ndi dzina lodabwitsa chifukwa cha kukula kwake - m'mizere kapena m'magulu. Ngakhale ali ndi dzina lina - mbewa.

Mbali yaikulu ya bowawa ndi thupi lachilendo lofiirira. Koma mtundu wa zipewa ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri. Pali zoyera, zotuwa, zowala komanso zofiirira komanso zofiirira. Potengera mtundu wa zipewa, otola bowa amazindikira mtundu wa mizere. Mu nyengo ya bowa, siliva, golide, utsi, wofiira, poplar "mbewa" zimagwera m'madengu a "osaka chete". Zipewa zawo zopindika pang'ono sizikhala zazikulu kuposa masentimita 10 m'mimba mwake, koma nthawi zonse zimakongoletsedwa ndi tubercle yaying'ono pakati. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zouma, koma mvula ikagwa zimamatira kwakanthawi kochepa. Miyendo ya mizere ndi yofiyira, mpaka 6-8 masentimita muutali ndi pafupifupi 2-3 masentimita awiri.

Ndi bwino kuyang'ana bowawa m'nkhalango za coniferous kapena zosakanikirana, makamaka pamtunda wamchenga, pamasamba ndi singano. Musadabwe mukaona "mbewa" pazitsa za paini - iyi ndi bowa wamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Iwo, monga lamulo, "muzu" m'munsi mwa chitsa, pamene banja la bowa limakula pamodzi ndi miyendo. Nthawi zambiri bowawa amapezeka m'mapaki, minda, pafupi ndi malo otayirako.

Chimake cha fruiting ndi August-October, ngakhale bowa woyamba amawonekera kale kwambiri - mu May. Komabe, “mbewa” zoyambilira zimasiyana pang’ono ndi achibale awo apambuyo pake. Zipewa zawo zimakhala zofanana ndi mizere ina, koma mtundu wake ndi wopepuka, pafupifupi woyera.

Pakati pa edibles, nthawi zambiri amatchula imvi, poplar, scaly, yaikulu, chikasu, lilac-miyendo, komanso matsutake ndi chimphona kupalasa.

Pali magulu atatu amizere:

• zodyedwa;
• zosadyedwa;
• pang'ono poizoni.

Mwa njira, anthu odziwa kutola bowa amakonda mzere wofiirira chifukwa cha fungo lokoma la nyama yankhumba yowotcha. Koma, Meyi imodzi imatchedwa yokoma kwambiri (mwa njira, imanunkhira ngati sauerkraut). Ndipo ndi mzere wa Meyi, limodzi ndi truffles ndi morel, womwe ndi umodzi mwa bowa atatu omwe amakololedwa ku England. Zoona, kumeneko amatchedwa bowa wa St. George. Anthu aku Italiya adabweranso ndi dzina lawo la mizere ya Meyi. Iwo "anawabatiza" marts (popeza bowa woyamba amawonekera m'dziko lino mu March).

Zelenushka, kapena kupalasa kobiriwira, sizodziwika kwambiri - zamkati zake za azitona ndizosakoma, ngakhale zimanunkhira ngati nkhaka zatsopano. Masiku ano, bowawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa salting ndi pharmacology (pochiza matenda osteoporosis), ndipo m'zaka zapakati ku Ulaya ankaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zokoma kwambiri.

Mizere yapoizoni

Mizere yonyenga ndi imodzi mwa bowa woopsa kwambiri. Amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chiphe chachikulu. Mizere yoyera yapoizoni ndi bowa woyera. Ana sanunkhiza, okalamba amathamangitsidwa ndi radish yowola. Koma palinso oimira owopsa a mizere, omwe sangasiyanitsidwe ndi zodyedwa ndi fungo, koma kunja kwake ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, brindle yokutidwa ndi khalidwe mawanga.

Zida Zothandiza

Mizere imakhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere wambiri. Kutumikira bowa ndi gwero la mkuwa, manganese, zinki, potaziyamu, phosphorous, chitsulo, sodium, ndi selenium. Amakhala ndi pafupifupi mavitamini onse a gulu B, komanso mavitamini A, C, D ndi K. Ryadovki ndi gwero lolemera la mapuloteni apamwamba, ali ndi amino acid onse ofunikira kwa anthu.

Mizere imadziwika kuti ili ndi antibacterial properties. Mu njira zina zamankhwala, amatchulidwa ngati mankhwala a chifuwa chachikulu. Ndipo zonse chifukwa bowawa ali ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo - fomecin ndi clitocin. Mwa njira, mankhwala awa ndi othandiza osati polimbana ndi mabakiteriya oopsa, komanso amatha kuteteza kukula kwa zotupa za khansa.

Bowa, omwe amadziwika kuti "mbewa", muzamankhwala sali imvi komanso nondescript. Ma antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant katundu wa mankhwalawa amatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi. The wapadera zikuchokera mizere kumathandiza kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m`thupi, kusintha ntchito ya mtima, normalize kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi misinkhu shuga. Bowa, akamagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, amathandizira arrhythmia, kusintha ntchito zaubongo ndikulimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi. Amathanso kuchotsa kutopa kosatha, kuwonjezera mphamvu, kuteteza dongosolo lamanjenje kuti lisawonongeke. Ofufuzawo adawona zotsatira zabwino za mizere pazigawo zam'mimba. Mankhwalawa amayendetsa dongosolo, amachotsa poizoni m'thupi, amayang'anira ntchito ya chiwindi, amayeretsa poizoni, komanso amachepetsa cholesterol. "Mbewa" ndizothandiza pa matenda a ndulu, matenda a genitourinary system, rheumatism, ndi matenda amanjenje.

Munthawi ya mliri wa chimfine ndi GRVI, mizere imathanso kupulumutsa, ikugwira ntchito pathupi ngati immunomodulator komanso mankhwala achilengedwe olimbana ndi ma virus ndi mabakiteriya. Mwa njira, zoyesera zasonyeza mphamvu ya bowa Tingafinye polimbana ndi tubercle bacillus ndi shuga mkulu magazi. Mu oncology, kupalasa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mycelium. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'mawere ndi khomo lachiberekero.

Ndipo mankhwala achikhalidwe amagwiritsa ntchito infusions ndi mafuta odzola ndi rowan kuchotsa matenda a khungu ndi kuthetsa makwinya. Ma tinctures a bowa wouma ndi othandiza pochotsa ziphuphu zakumaso, zotupa pakhungu komanso kung'ambika kwamafuta kumaso.

Ndizowopsa kwambiri ngati mutasokoneza mzerewu ndi utawaleza wofiirira wosadyedwa (mawonekedwe ake ndi chophimba chofanana ndi chingwe).

Zowopsa zotheka

Mizere yaiwisi kapena yophikidwa theka ikhoza kukhala yowopsa kwa thupi. Amakhudza kagayidwe kachakudya m'njira zosiyanasiyana: amayambitsa kusadya pang'ono mpaka poyizoni. Mofanana ndi bowa onse, amayamwa mosavuta mankhwala ophera tizilombo m’nthaka ndi ma carcinogens kuchokera mumlengalenga. Zosonkhanitsidwa m'dera losavomerezeka ndizomwe zimawopseza thupi. Mwa njira, pamene bowa wamkulu, amaika poizoni wambiri.

Momwe mungaphike

Pazakudya, bowawa ndi apadera. Zitha kukolola pambuyo pa chisanu: mizere yosungunuka pambuyo pa chisanu sitaya mawonekedwe ake ndipo imadyedwabe. Komabe, bowa wamng'ono ndi watsopano ndi tastier, ndipo wamkulu bowa, kuwala kowawa kukoma kumamveka mu zamkati mwake.

"Mbewa" sizifuna njira yapadera yokolola. Ndioyenera kuwira, kuwotcha, kuwotcha, kukonza nyama ya minced ndi sauces. Malangizo okhawo: musanakonzekere mzere, ndi bwino kuyeretsa filimuyo pachipewa. Bowa wophika amadetsedwa pang'ono ndikusintha mtundu: thupi lofiirira limakhala lotuwa-loyera kapena mgoza. M'madzi amchere pang'ono, bowa amafika pokonzekera mphindi 20. Koma musanaphike, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa ndikutsuka kangapo.

Mizere yokonzeka imakhala ndi fungo linalake. Anthu ena amachikonda ndikuwonjezera "mbewa" ku mbale za bowa zina kuti awonjezere fungo. Ophika ena, m'malo mwake, samalangiza kuphatikiza uku. Koma zonsezi, monga akunena, ndi nkhani ya kukoma. Mpaka mutayesa nokha, nkovuta kuweruza yemwe ali wolondola. Mizere yophika kapena yokazinga imayenda bwino ndi mazira, nyama, masamba ndi mpunga. Caviar amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya bowa.

Mizere yatsopano mufiriji imasungidwa kwa masiku atatu, mazira ndi mchere - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, zouma ndi kuzifutsa - chaka.

Chinsinsi cha mbewa zokazinga

Wiritsani bowa peeled, kuchotsa chithovu. Okonzeka kuloza mu mitsuko, kuwonjezera zonunkhira (bay tsamba, cloves, wakuda ndi allspice). Thirani nkhani ndi otentha marinade opangidwa ndi madzi, viniga, mchere ndi shuga.

Kulima kunyumba

Mizere ndi ya bowa omwe ndi osavuta kumera okha kunyumba. Makinawa amafanana ndi kulima champignon, koma ndi mawu ena.

Ikani matumba ndi mycelium pansi pa mitengo, m'malo otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Mycelium, monga lamulo, imapanga 0,2% ya unyinji wa gawo lapansi. Imakula bwino pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Ndikofunika kuti nthaka ya pamwamba ikhale yonyowa nthawi zonse. Kukolola koyamba kumawonekera pakatha mwezi umodzi. Poyamba, "mbewa" zidzawoneka m'mafunde, ndipo pakapita nthawi zidzayamba kubala zipatso mosalekeza kwa miyezi 3-4.

Bowawa saopa nyengo yozizira. Kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsika pansi pa madigiri 5 Celsius, mycelium imakutidwa ndi udzu kapena masamba okhuthala. M'chaka, mpweya ukatentha mpaka +10, "kuteteza" kumachotsedwa.

Koma chiwembu chamunda si malo okhawo omwe mungathe "kukhazikitsa" banja la mizere. Amamva bwino m'chipinda chilichonse chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, kuyatsa kosalekeza, kutentha kwa madigiri 10-15.

Ngakhale kuti lero mizere yasiya kutchuka, ikupitirizabe kukhala yothandiza kwa anthu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ofufuza akamaphunzira zambiri za bowa umenewu, m’pamenenso amapeza zinthu zothandiza kwambiri. Ndipo lolani "mbewa" zakunja ziwoneke zosawoneka bwino, koma izi sizikhudza kukoma kwawo ndi zakudya zawo. Chabwino, sizopanda pake kuti anthu amawatchapo kuti ndi imodzi mwa zokoma kwambiri.