Zizindikiro zoyipa za schizophrenia zimatha kuwoneka zaka zambiri munthu asanakumane ndi vuto loyamba la schizophrenic. Zizindikiro zoyamba zoyipazi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa prodrome of schizophrenia. Zizindikiro panthawi ya prodromal nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimakula pang'onopang'ono.
Zimaphatikizapo kusiya kucheza, kusalabadira thupi lanu, maonekedwe ndi ukhondo. Pakali pano ndizovuta kunena ngati zizindikirozo ndi mbali ya chitukuko cha schizophrenia kapena chifukwa cha zina. Zizindikiro zoyipa zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia amakumana nazo ndi izi:
- kutaya chidwi ndi chilimbikitso m'moyo ndi zochita, kuphatikizapo maubwenzi ndi kugonana;
- kusowa maganizo, kusafuna kuchoka panyumba ndi kusintha kwa kugona;
- chizolowezi chokana kulankhulana, kuchita manyazi pakati pa anthu, kusowa kwa mitu yodziwika bwino yokambirana ndi anthu ambiri ozungulira.
Zizindikiro zoipa za schizophrenia nthawi zambiri zingayambitse mavuto pa ubale ndi mabwenzi ndi achibale, chifukwa nthawi zina angaganize molakwika ndi ulesi wadala kapena mwano.
Psychosis
Schizophrenia nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa ndi madokotala ngati mawonekedwe a psychosis. Gawo loyamba lovuta kwambiri la psychosis litha kukhala lovuta kwambiri kuthana nalo, kwa wodwala komanso kwa achibale ndi anzawo. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe kungachitike, ndipo munthuyo akhoza kukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa, kuchita manyazi, kukwiya, kapena kukayikira ena. Odwala angaganize kuti sakufunikira thandizo ndipo zingakhale zovuta kutsimikizira kuti awonana ndi dokotala.
Zifukwa za schizophrenia
Zomwe zimayambitsa schizophrenia sizidziwika. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuphatikiza kwa thupi, majini, maganizo, ndi chilengedwe kungapangitse munthu kudwala matendawa.
Anthu ena amatha kudwala schizophrenia, ndipo kupsinjika maganizo kapena zochitika pamoyo zingayambitse vuto la psychotic. Komabe, sizikudziwika chifukwa chake anthu ena amayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro ndipo ena samatero. Zina mwazowopsa, poyamba, chibadwa chiyenera kutchulidwa.
Schizophrenia nthawi zambiri imatengera cholowa, koma palibe jini imodzi yomwe imaganiziridwa kuti ndi yomwe imayambitsa. Ndizotheka kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majini imapangitsa anthu kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa. Komabe, kukhala ndi majini amenewa sikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi schizophrenia.
Umboni wosonyeza kuti matendawa ndi otengera gawo lina amachokera ku maphunziro amapasa. Mapasa ofanana ali ndi majini ofanana.
M'mapasa ofanana, ngati mapasa amodzi adwala schizophrenia, mapasa enawo amakhala ndi mwayi umodzi mwa 1 woti ayambirenso. Izi ndi zoona ngakhale ataleredwa mosiyana. M'mapasa a abale omwe ali ndi chibadwa chosiyana, chiŵerengero cha mwayi wokhala ndi vutoli ndi 2 mpaka 1.
Ngakhale kuti zimenezi n’zapamwamba kuposa mmene anthu ambiri alili, pamene mwayiwu uli pafupifupi 1 mwa 100 alionse, zikusonyeza kuti si majini okha amene amayambitsa matenda a schizophrenia.
kukula kwa ubongo
Kafukufuku wa anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia awonetsa kuti pali kusiyana kobisika m'mapangidwe a ubongo wawo. Zosinthazi sizimawonedwa mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi schizophrenia ndipo zitha kuwonedwa mwa anthu omwe sadwala matenda amisala. Koma amanena kuti mbali ina ya schizophrenia ikhoza kutchulidwa ngati vuto la ubongo.
Othandizira
Neurotransmitters ndi mankhwala omwe amanyamula mauthenga pakati pa maselo a ubongo. Pali kugwirizana pakati pa ma neurotransmitters ndi schizophrenia chifukwa mankhwala omwe amasintha ma neurotransmitter mu ubongo amadziwika kuti amachepetsa zizindikiro za schizophrenia.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti schizophrenia ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ma neurotransmitters a 2: dopamine ndi serotonin.
Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti kusalinganizana pakati pawo ndiko gwero la vutolo. Ena apeza kuti kusintha kwa thupi kukhudzidwa ndi ma neurotransmitters ndi chimodzi mwa zomwe zimayambitsa schizophrenia.