Zamkatimu
Federal Research Center for Nutrition, pakuwunika kwazaka ziwiri, idazindikira zopitilira 200 zozindikiritsa za kunenepa kwambiri, atherosulinosis, ndi metabolic syndrome. Zotsatira za ntchitoyi zidzakuthandizani kusintha njira ndi zizindikiro za chithandizo, chifukwa chifukwa cha mfundo izi, tsopano ndizotheka kupanga zakudya molondola ndikusankha mankhwala kwa munthu wina. Malinga ndi akatswiri, tsopano gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a anthu a m'dzikoli akudwala kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo kusankha munthu zakudya kumathandiza kuthetsa vutoli.
Kawirikawiri, FRC ya Nutrition ndi Biotechnology yakulitsa njira ndi mwayi wochizira mitundu yambiri ya matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zakudya zosayenera zaumunthu. Kafukufuku wazaka ziwiri, womwe udachitika kuyambira 2015 mpaka 2017, umapereka chiyembekezo kuti matenda monga kunenepa kwambiri, atherosulinosis, gout, kusowa kwa vitamini B adzathandizidwa mophweka komanso mogwira mtima.
Ma biomarkers owulula kwambiri ndi udindo wawo
Akatswiri otsogola a FRC akuti zowulula zowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi mapuloteni oteteza thupi (ma cytokines) ndi mahomoni a protein omwe amawongolera chikhumbo chokhutitsidwa komanso kusowa kwa njala mwa anthu, komanso vitamini E.
Ponena za ma cytokines, amatengedwa kuti ndi mapuloteni apadera omwe amapangidwa m'maselo a chitetezo chamthupi. Zinthu zingayambitse kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa njira zotupa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pakukula kwa matenda omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, pali ma cytokines ochulukirapo omwe amapangitsa kuti anthu azikhudzidwa. Kutengera izi, asayansi adatsimikiza kuti momwe kutupa m'magulu amafuta ndi ziwalo kumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa chidwi chathupi ku insulin.
Kufufuza kwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi mapuloteni kwapereka chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti chilakolako cha zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, komanso zakudya zamafuta okwanira, zimachokera ku kuphwanya malire awo. Chotsatira chake, chodabwitsachi chimayambitsa kulephera kwa malo a ubongo, omwe amachititsa kumva njala ndi kusakhalapo kwake. Ndikoyenera kuwunikira mahomoni awiri akulu omwe ali ndi zochita zotsutsana ndi galasi. Leptin, yomwe imayimitsa njala ndi ghrelin, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu yakumverera uku. Chiwerengero chawo chosagwirizana chimabweretsa kunenepa kwamunthu.
Ndikoyenera kutsindika za ntchito ya vitamini E, yomwe ndi antioxidant yachilengedwe ndipo imagwira ntchito yoletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a ma cell, DNA, ndi mapuloteni. Oxidation imatha kuyambitsa kukalamba msanga, atherosulinosis, shuga, ndi matenda ena oopsa. Pankhani ya kunenepa kwambiri, pali kudzikundikira kwa vitamini wambiri m'mafuta oyera ndipo thupi limakumana ndi njira yamphamvu kwambiri ya okosijeni.
Ubwino ndi udindo wa zakudya munthu onenepa odwala
Akatswiri amanena kuti pamaso chabe kuchepetsa kalori zili zakudya motero anachita mankhwala. Koma njirayi ndi yopanda phindu, chifukwa si aliyense amene angadutse mpaka kumapeto ndikupeza zotsatira zomwe akufuna. Kudziletsa koteroko kumakhala kowawa, ponse paŵiri mkhalidwe wakuthupi wa wodwalayo ndi wamaganizo. Kuphatikiza apo, chizindikirocho sichikhala chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika. Zowonadi, kwa ambiri, kulemera kwake kunabwereranso nthawi yomweyo, pamene adachoka kuchipatala ndikusiya kutsatira zakudya zokhwima.
Njira yothandiza kwambiri yotulutsira izi ndikuyesa mayeso osiyanasiyana ndikuwunika ma biomarker a wodwalayo, komanso kupereka zakudya zamunthu payekha malinga ndi mawonekedwe a thupi la munthu wina.
Akatswiri odziwika kwambiri amatsindika kuti kunenepa kwambiri sivuto lokhazikika, koma ndi vuto laumwini lomwe lili ndi mikhalidwe yodziwika kwa munthu aliyense. Nthawi zambiri izi zimadalira zizindikiro monga dziko, jini, gulu la magazi, microflora. Pali zochitika zokhudzana ndi mfundo yakuti anthu amagaya chakudya mosiyana. Mbali yakumpoto imakonda nyama ndi zakudya zamafuta, pomwe mbali yakumwera imatenga masamba ndi zipatso.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa boma ku Russia, 27% ya anthu amadwala kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha odwala chimawonjezeka.