Dzina lakuti "shiitake", lomwe ndi lachilendo kwa makutu athu, liri ndi chiyambi chosavuta komanso chomveka cha ku Japan aliyense: "Shi" ndi dzina lachijapani la mtengo (Castanopsiscuspidate), pomwe bowa uwu nthawi zambiri umamera m'chilengedwe, ndi "kutenga. ” amatanthauza “bowa”. Nthawi zambiri, shiitake imatchedwanso "bowa waku Japan waku Japan" - ndipo aliyense amamvetsetsa zomwe akunena.
Bowawu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa ku Japan, koma umamera ndipo umalimidwa mwapadera, kuphatikizapo ku China. Bowa wa Shiitake wakhala akudziwika ku China ndi Japan kwa zaka zoposa chikwi, ndipo malinga ndi zolemba zina, kuyambira zaka za zana lachiwiri BC! Mmodzi mwa umboni wakale wodalirika wolembedwa wa ubwino wa shiitake ndi wa dotolo wotchuka waku China Wu Juei, yemwe analemba kuti bowa wa shiitake siwokoma komanso wopatsa thanzi, komanso machiritso: amachiritsa thirakiti lapamwamba la kupuma, chiwindi, kuthandizira kufooka. ndi kutaya mphamvu, kusintha kwa magazi, kuchepetsa ukalamba wa thupi ndikuwonjezera kamvekedwe kake. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale mankhwala ovomerezeka (achifumu) achi China adatengera shiitake koyambirira kwa zaka za 13th-16th. Bowa wokoma komanso wathanzi, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti amatha kuwonjezera potency, adakondana mwachangu ndi anthu olemekezeka aku China, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso "bowa wachifumu waku China." Pamodzi ndi bowa wa Reishi, awa ndi bowa okondedwa kwambiri ku China - ndipo m'dziko lino amadziwa zambiri za mankhwala achikhalidwe!
Chidziwitso cha asing'anga akale, makamaka potengera zomwe adawona komanso zomwe adakumana nazo, sichinachikale mpaka pano. M'malo mwake, asayansi amakono a ku Japan, China ndi azungu akupeza umboni watsopano wa sayansi. Madokotala, makamaka, atsimikizira kuti shiitake imathandizira kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi (kungodya bowa mlungu uliwonse monga chowonjezera kumachepetsa cholesterol ya plasma ndi 12%!), Kulimbana ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kuthandizira kusowa mphamvu, kusintha khungu. Zotsirizirazi, ndithudi, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ogula ambiri, choncho, kutengera bowa wa shiitake ku Japan, USA, China ndi mayiko ena, zodzoladzola zamakono komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri zikupangidwa masiku ano. Komanso, kukonzekera ntchito fungal mycelium Tingafinye bwino ntchito ngati ancillary pochiza zilonda matenda. Mulimonsemo, shiitake ili ndi ma antioxidants amphamvu omwe amateteza thupi kuti lisapangidwe zotupa - kotero m'masiku athu akutali ndi zachilengedwe zabwino, izi ndizopewa zabwino.
Kaŵirikaŵiri amanenedwa kuti “mankhwala owawa ndi othandiza.” Koma nkhani ya bowa wa shiitake ndi yosiyana ndi lamuloli. Bowawa amadziwika kale padziko lonse lapansi, amakondedwa ndi ambiri; ndi shiitake, maphikidwe atsopano owonjezereka amawonekera - phindu la kukonzekera kwawo ndi losavuta komanso lofulumira, ndipo kukoma kumakhala kolemera, "nkhalango". Bowa amagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe owuma, aiwisi ndi okazinga. N'zosadabwitsa kuti kupanga shiitake kuli pachimake, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 21 kunali pafupifupi matani 800 pachaka.
Pali kaphatikizidwe kamodzi kodabwitsa pakukula kwa shiitake - imakula mwachangu pa utuchi wa utuchi, ndipo iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri yopangira malonda (zambiri). Bowa wamtchire, kapena omwe amakula pamitengo yonse (pamitengo yokonzedwa mwapadera) ndiwothandiza kwambiri, izi sizilinso chakudya, koma mankhwala. Zokolola zoyamba za bowa zoterezi zimatha kukolola pakatha chaka, pamene "utuchi" shiitake - mwezi umodzi! Malo odyera padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyamba wa bowa (kuchokera ku utuchi) - ndi tastier ndi zazikulu. Ndipo mtundu wachiwiri ndi wokwera mtengo, ndipo umabwera makamaka ku unyolo wa pharmacy. Ndi polysaccharide yopindulitsa kwambiri, yomwe, monga idakhazikitsidwa ndi sayansi yaku Japan, imathandizira kulimbana ndi khansa ndi matenda ena oopsa. Bowa yemweyo kalasi yoyamba, wamkulu pa utuchi, mulinso, koma ang'onoang'ono Mlingo, kotero ichi ndi chokoma ndi thanzi chakudya m'malo kupewa matenda ndi wonse kulimbikitsa thanzi.
"Chakudya" shiitake chimachita pang'onopang'ono, mofatsa. Deta yotereyi inapezedwa panthawi ya phunziro lapadera mu 1969 ndi dokotala wapamwamba wa ku Japan, Dr. Tetsuro Ikekawa wochokera ku yunivesite ya Purdue, Tokyo (bungwe lodziwika bwino ku Japan ndi lodziwika bwino chifukwa limakhazikika makamaka pophunzira mankhwala a zotupa zoopsa). Dokotala adapezanso kuti ndi shiitake decoction (supu) yomwe ili yothandiza kwambiri, osati mitundu ina yodyera. Izi zimatsimikiziridwanso m'mbiri - mfumu ndi olemekezeka adadyetsedwa ndikumwetsedwa m'nthawi yapitayi ndi decoctions wa bowa wa shiitake. Ikekawa adadziwika chifukwa cha zomwe adazipeza padziko lonse lapansi - ngakhale ziyenera kutchedwa "kutulukiranso", chifukwa malinga ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale aku China, m'zaka za zana la 14, dokotala waku China Ru Wui adachitira umboni kuti shiitake inali yothandiza pochiza zotupa (mipukutu). ndi zolemba zake zimasungidwa mu Imperial Archives ku China). Zikhale momwe zingakhalire, kupezako kuli kothandiza komanso kodalirika, ndipo lero zowonjezera za shiitake zimavomerezedwa ngati chithandizo cha khansa osati ku Japan ndi China kokha, komanso ku India, Singapore, Vietnam ndi South Korea. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ngati mulibe khansa kapena kusowa mphamvu (ndikuthokoza Mulungu), ndiye kuti kudya bowa wathanzi sikungakhale kovulaza, koma kothandiza kwambiri - chifukwa. Shiitake sachita moyipa motsutsana ndi matenda aliwonse, koma amapindulitsa thupi lonse, makamaka kulimbikitsa chitetezo chamthupi chonse.
Bowa wa Shiitake si mankhwala okha, komanso ndiwopatsa thanzi - ali ndi mavitamini (A, D, C, ndi gulu B), kufufuza zinthu (sodium, potaziyamu, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, zinki, chitsulo, selenium, etc.), komanso angapo amino zidulo, kuphatikizapo zofunika, ndi kuwonjezera mafuta zidulo ndi ma polysaccharides (kuphatikizapo wotchuka kwambiri). Ndi ma polysaccharides omwe ali ndi phindu pa chitetezo chamthupi.
Koma uthenga wabwino waukulu kwa osadya masamba ndikuti bowa wopatsa thanzi komanso wathanzi ndi wokoma kwambiri, wokonzekera mwachangu, ndipo mutha kupanga nawo maphikidwe ambiri!
APIKE BWANJI?
Shiitake ndi "osankhika", mbale zomwe zimapezeka m'malesitilanti okwera mtengo. Koma itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukhitchini wamba: kuphika shiitake ndikosavuta!
Zipewa zimadyedwa makamaka, chifukwa. miyendo ndi yolimba. Nthawi zambiri, ndi zipewa za shiitake zomwe zimagulitsidwa, kuphatikiza zouma. Zipewa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga (kupatulapo msuzi wodziwika bwino wa bowa) sauces, smoothies, maswiti (!), Ngakhale yogurt.
Bowa wouma uyenera kuwiritsidwa poyamba (mphindi 3-4), ndiyeno, ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kuuma pang'ono, kuti madzi asungunuke. Kuti mulawe mukawotcha, ndi bwino kuwonjezera zokometsera, walnuts, amondi. Kuchokera ku shiitake, n'zosavuta kukwaniritsa maonekedwe a kukoma kwa "nyama", zomwe zidzakondweretsa "otembenuka atsopano" osati malingaliro, koma odyetsera zamasamba.
ZOCHITIKA
Bowa wa Shiitake sangakhale ndi poizoni, koma kumwa mopitirira muyeso (kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 16-20 g bowa wouma kapena 160-200 g wa bowa watsopano) sizothandiza ndipo kungayambitse kudzimbidwa, makamaka kwa ana osapitirira zaka 12. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito shiitake kwa amayi apakati komanso oyamwitsa, chifukwa. kwenikweni ndi mankhwala, mankhwala amphamvu, ndipo zotsatira zake pa mwana wosabadwayo sizinaphunzire mokwanira mokwanira.
Ndi mphumu ya bronchial, shiitake samawonetsedwanso.