Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 250 | Tsamba 1684 | 14.8% | 5.9% | 674 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 2.4 ga | 76 ga | 3.2% | 1.3% | 3167 ga |
| mafuta | 25 ga | 56 ga | 44.6% | 17.8% | 224 ga |
| Zakudya | 3.2 ga | 219 ga | 1.5% | 0.6% | 6844 ga |
| zidulo zamagulu | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| Water | 68.2 ga | 2273 ga | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 ga |
| ash | 0.5 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 183 | Makilogalamu 900 | 20.3% | 8.1% | 492 ga |
| Retinol | 0.17 mg | ~ | |||
| beta carotenes | 0.08 mg | 5 mg | 1.6% | 0.6% | 6250 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.02 mg | 1.5 mg | 1.3% | 0.5% | 7500 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.11 mg | 1.8 mg | 6.1% | 2.4% | 1636 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 124 mg | 500 mg | 24.8% | 9.9% | 403 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.3 mg | 5 mg | 6% | 2.4% | 1667 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.07 mg | 2 mg | 3.5% | 1.4% | 2857 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 8.5 | Makilogalamu 400 | 2.1% | 0.8% | 4706 ga |
| Vitamini B12, cobalamin | Makilogalamu 0.36 | Makilogalamu 3 | 12% | 4.8% | 833 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 0.3 mg | 90 mg | 0.3% | 0.1% | 30000 ga |
| Vitamini D, calciferol | Makilogalamu 0.135 | Makilogalamu 10 | 1.4% | 0.6% | 7407 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.6 mg | 15 mg | 4% | 1.6% | 2500 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 3.6 | Makilogalamu 50 | 7.2% | 2.9% | 1389 ga |
| Vitamini K, phylloquinone | Makilogalamu 1.94 | Makilogalamu 120 | 1.6% | 0.6% | 6186 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 0.6 mg | 20 mg | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 ga |
| niacin | 0.1 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 100 mg | 2500 mg | 4% | 1.6% | 2500 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 84 mg | 1000 mg | 8.4% | 3.4% | 1190 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 8 mg | 400 mg | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 35 mg | 1300 mg | 2.7% | 1.1% | 3714 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 24 mg | 1000 mg | 2.4% | 1% | 4167 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 60 mg | 800 mg | 7.5% | 3% | 1333 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 61 mg | 2300 mg | 2.7% | 1.1% | 3770 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 0.3 mg | 18 mg | 1.7% | 0.7% | 6000 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 7 | Makilogalamu 150 | 4.7% | 1.9% | 2143 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 0.3 | Makilogalamu 10 | 3% | 1.2% | 3333 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.003 mg | 2 mg | 0.2% | 0.1% | 66667 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 5 | Makilogalamu 70 | 7.1% | 2.8% | 1400 ga |
| Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 0.3 | Makilogalamu 55 | 0.5% | 0.2% | 18333 ga |
| Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 14 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 0.4% | 0.2% | 28571 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.24 mg | 12 mg | 2% | 0.8% | 5000 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 3.2 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| sterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | 108 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 14.9 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 7.58 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 45.1% | 18% | |
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 1.17 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 10.4% | 4.2% | |
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.225 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 25% | 10% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.95 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 20.2% | 8.1% |
Mphamvu ndi 250 kcal.
- Galasi 250 ml = 250 gr (625 kcal)
- Galasi 200 ml = 200 gr (500 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 20 g (50 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 9 g (22.5 kcal)
- vitamini A imayambitsa chitukuko chabwinobwino, ntchito yobereka, khungu ndi maso, komanso kuteteza chitetezo chamthupi.
- obwerawa Ndi gawo la lecithin, limathandizira pakuphatikizira ndi kagayidwe kake ka phospholipids m'chiwindi, ndimagulu am'magulu amethyl aulere, amakhala ngati lipotropic factor.
- vitamini B12 imachita gawo lofunikira pakusintha kwama metabolism ndikusintha kwa amino acid. Folate ndi vitamini B12 ndi mavitamini ogwirizana ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga magazi. Kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kumabweretsa kukulira kuchepa kwa tsankho kapena sekondale, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.