Pazachipatala, kutupa kumatanthauza kutupa kwa minyewa, chiwalo kapena gawo lina la thupi. Izi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi kutupa, edema, post-traumatic hematoma, abscess kapena chotupa. Ndi chifukwa chofunsa kawirikawiri ndi dokotala. Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wakutupa. Kutupa ndi chizindikiro chachipatala, osati chizindikiro. Matendawa adzachotsedwa malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa ndipo adzathandizidwa ndi mayeso owonjezera (x-ray, ultrasound, MRI, scanner). Chithandizocho chimadaliranso ndi mtundu wa kutupa, makamaka chifukwa chake.

Ngati mawu oti "kutupa kwa mafupa" sanagwiritsidwe ntchito pang'ono, kwenikweni, pachipatala, zotupa zina zomwe zimakhudza mawonekedwe a fupa zimatha kutsagana ndi kutupa komwe kumadziwika. Chotupa cha mafupa ndikukula kwa minofu yamkati mkati mwa fupa. Zotupa zambiri zam'mafupa zilidi zoyipa (zopanda khansa) poyerekeza ndi zotupa zoyipa (khansa). Kusiyanitsa kwachiwiri kwakukulu ndikulekanitsa zotupa "zoyambirira", zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyipa, kuchokera ku sekondale (metastatic) zoyipa nthawi zonse.

Chotupa chosaopsa (chosakhala ndi khansa) ndi chotupa chomwe sichimafalikira mbali zina za thupi (osati metastasize). Chotupa chosaopsa nthawi zambiri sichitha moyo. Matenda ambiri osakhala ndi khansa amachotsedwa ndi opaleshoni kapena mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zambiri samabwerera (kubwereza).

Zotupa zoyambirira zimayambira m'mafupa ndipo zimatha kukhala zoyipa kapena, makamaka kangapo, zoyipa. Palibe chifukwa kapena choyerekeza chomwe chimafotokozera chifukwa kapena momwe amawonekera. Zikakhalapo, zizindikirazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopweteka m'mafupa othandizira, zakuya komanso zosasunthika zomwe, mosiyana ndi osteoarthritis, sizimatha zikapuma. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, chotupacho chomwe chimafooketsa minofu ya mafupa chikuwululidwa ndi "kusadabwitsa" kophulika chifukwa kumachitika pambuyo povulala pang'ono.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya chotupa chosaopsa chokhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yama cell yomwe imapanga: non-ossifying fibroma, osteoid osteoma, chimphona chachikulu chotupa, osteochondroma, chondroma. Amakhudza kwambiri achinyamata komanso achikulire, komanso ana. Ubwino wawo amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwawo kwachisinthiko komanso kusapezeka kwakutali. Malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri amakhala pafupi ndi bondo, mafupa a chiuno, ndi phewa.

Monga mwalamulo, kupatula zotupa zochepa (non-ossifying fibroma), akuti akuti achotse chotupacho kuti athetse kusapeza bwino kapena kupweteka, kuti achepetse kusweka kapena, kangapo, kuti asasinthe. mu chotupa chakupha. Opaleshoniyo ndi yochita kuchotsa (kuchotsa) gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi fupa, polipira malo omwe achotsedwawo komanso mwina kulimbitsa fupa ndi zopangira zachitsulo kapena mafupa. Chotupa chotulutsidwa chimatha kudzazidwa ndi fupa kuchokera kwa wodwalayo (autograft) kapena fupa kuchokera kwa wodwala wina (allograft).

Zotupa zina zabwino sizikhala ndi zisonyezo kapena kupweteka. Nthawi zina zimakhala zopezeka mwamagetsi. Nthawi zina ndikumva kupweteka kwa fupa lomwe lakhudzidwa komwe kumafunikira kuyesa kwathunthu kwa ma radiation (X-ray, CT scan, ngakhale MRI). Nthawi zambiri, kulingalira kwa zamankhwala kumapangitsa kuti zizindikire molondola komanso motsimikizika mtundu wa chotupacho, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake enieni. Nthawi zina komwe kuyerekezera motsimikizika sikungapangidwe, kachilomboka kokhako kamene kamatsimikizira kuti ali ndi vutoli ndikuchotsa kukayikira kulikonse kwa chotupa choyipa. Zoyeserera za mafupa ziwunikiridwa ndi wamatenda.

Tawonani vuto la osteoid osteoma, chotupa chaching'ono chamamilimita angapo m'mimba mwake, nthawi zambiri chowawa, chomwe opaleshoni siyimachitidwa ndi dotolo koma ndi radiologist. Chotupacho chimawonongedwa motentha ndi maelekitirodi awiri omwe amalowetsedwamo, poyang'aniridwa ndi sikani.

Zotupa zoyambirira zam'mafupa ndizochepa ndipo zimakhudza makamaka achinyamata komanso achinyamata. Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri ya chotupa cha fupa m'zaka zam'badwo uno (90% ya mafupa olakwika) ndi awa:

• osteosarcoma, khansa yapafupa yodziwika bwino, 100 mpaka 150 milandu yatsopano pachaka, makamaka amuna;
• Ewing's sarcoma, chotupa chosowa chomwe chimakhudza 3 mwa anthu miliyoni pachaka ku France.

Ululu umakhalabe chizindikiro chachikulu choyimbira. Ndikubwereza komanso kulimbikira kwa zowawa izi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugona kapena zachilendo, ndiye kuwonekera kwa kutupa komwe kumabweretsa mayeso opempha (X-ray, scanner, MRI) zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikayikira kuti ali ndi matendawa. Zotupa izi ndizosowa ndipo zimayenera kuthandizidwa m'malo a akatswiri.

Opaleshoni ndi mwala wapangodya wa mankhwala ochiritsira a sarcomas, pomwe zingatheke ndipo matendawa siosintha. Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy. Chithandizo chamankhwala chimapangidwa mosagwirizana pakati pa akatswiri ochokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana (opaleshoni, radiotherapy, oncology, kulingalira, anatomopathology) ndipo nthawi zonse amaganizira za wodwala aliyense.

Zotupa zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse mafupa am'mimba (zotupa zachiwiri) ndi mawere a m'mawere, impso, prostate, chithokomiro ndi mapapo. Chithandizo cha metastasesyi cholinga chake ndi kukonza moyo wa wodwalayo, pochepetsa ululu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chovulala. Amaganiziridwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi gulu la akatswiri osiyanasiyana (oncologist, dokotala wa opaleshoni, radiotherapist, etc.).