Tannins (tannins) ndi mankhwala opangidwa mwachilengedwe ndi zomera. Iwo ndi a polyphenols ndipo ali okhudzidwa kwambiri. Ma Tannins amasungunuka m'madzi ndipo ali ndi kulemera kwa mamolekyulu pafupifupi 500 mpaka 3000 Da. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zili ndi mankhwalawa zimakhala ndi kukoma kowawa, kosasangalatsa komanso kungakhale koopsa.
Pankhani ya zomera, Tannins ali ndi ntchito yoteteza, kulepheretsa herbivores. Mwa zina, ma tannins amapezeka mu khungwa la oak, msondodzi, spruce, chestnut, larch, masamba a mtedza, tchire, vinyo, tiyi, mtedza, mu zipatso zambiri (monga blueberries, sitiroberi, raspberries, cranberries, mphesa, makangaza, maapulo), ku St. wort, cinquefoil, rape rape, kulowetsedwa kwa cistus ndi nyemba za nyemba, buckwheat, chokoleti chakuda ndi koko.
Tannins - kuwonongeka
Timagawa tannins m'mitundu iwiri:
- hydrolysing - pakati pa molekyulu ndi monosaccharide, magulu a hydroxyl omwe amapangidwa ndi zotsalira za gallic acid kapena zotumphukira zake; amapangidwa mosavuta ndi ma hydrolyzes kukhala ofooka zidulo ndi maziko kapena ma enzyme;
- non-hydrolysing (condensed) - alibe saccharide mu molekyulu, amapezeka mu zipatso zosapsa ndi mbewu, zomwe chifukwa cha kucha zimaphwanyidwa kukhala zosakaniza ndi mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono.
Tannins - katundu
Tannins amadziwika ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapindulitsa thupi la munthu, kuphatikizapo:
- kuchepetsa mphamvu,
- kuchepetsa kuyabwa ndi kuyaka,
- ali ndi anti-yotupa komanso antibacterial properties,
- imathandizira ntchito ya chitetezo chamthupi,
- kupewa ziwengo.
Kutengedwa pakamwa, ali ndi astringent kwambiri pa mucous nembanemba, ziletsa permeability awo, kupewa, mwachitsanzo, microbleeding ku capillary mitsempha (makamaka m`mimba thirakiti).
Malinga ndi asayansi, ma tannins amatha kuteteza ku mitundu yonse zotupakomanso kuchepetsa mlingo umene maselo a khansa amagawanika. Angathandize kusintha microflora mkamwa ndi matumbo, kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mphamvu za antioxidant za tannins zimachepetsa ma radicals aulere omwe amawononga maselo oyambira. Iwo amalepheretsa lipid peroxidation ndi kuchulukitsa kwa HIV. Amakhalanso ndi anti-carcinogenic effect. Mosavuta ma tannins a hydrolysing amasweka m'mimba. Tannins amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbana ndi zotsatira za poizoni wa alkaloids.
Tannins amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza khungu la nyama. Mphamvu ya antioxidant ya tannins ndiyofunikiranso pakukulitsa moyo wa alumali wa chakudya. Chitsanzo ndi vinyo wofiira, yemwe, chifukwa cha tannins, akhoza kukhwima kwa zaka zambiri ndipo alibe oxidized. Chifukwa chosavuta kuphatikiza ma tannins ndi ayoni achitsulo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza utoto.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa zomera zolemera mu tannins kumalepheretsa kuyamwa, mwa zina, mavitamini, macro- ndi microelements mu m'mimba thirakiti. Non-hydrolysing tannins kuwola mu m'mimba thirakiti kukhala poizoni mankhwala, kuchititsa poizoni, choncho kudya zipatso zosapsa ayenera kupewa.